Opaleshoni ya valve yamtima

Opaleshoni yamavalo amtima imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kapena kusintha mavavu amtima omwe ali ndi matenda.

Magazi omwe amayenda kuchokera kuzipinda zosiyanasiyana zamtima wanu amayenera kudutsa mu valavu yamtima. Magazi omwe amatuluka mumtima mwanu kupita mumitsempha yayikulu amayeneranso kuyenda kudzera mu valavu yamtima.

Mavavu amenewa amatseguka mokwanira kuti magazi azidutsamo. Amatseka, kuti magazi asayende kumbuyo.

Pali ma valve 4 mumtima mwanu:

• Valavu kung'ambika
• Mitral valve
• Tricuspid valavu
• Valavu Pulmonic

Valavu ya aortic ndiye valavu yofala kwambiri kuti isinthidwe. Valavu ya mitral ndiye valavu yomwe imakonda kukonzedwa. Kawirikawiri valve ya tricuspid kapena valavu yamapapu imakonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Musanachite opareshoni yanu, mudzalandira opaleshoni. Mudzakhala mukugona ndipo simungamve ululu.

Pochita opaleshoni yotseguka ya mtima, dokotalayo amapanga kudula kwakukulu m'chifuwa chanu kuti afike pamtima ndi aorta. Mumalumikizidwa ndi makina odutsa pamtima ndi mapapo.Mtima wanu umayimitsidwa mukalumikizidwa ndi makina awa. Makinawa amachita ntchito ya mtima wanu, amapereka mpweya ndikuchotsa mpweya.

Opaleshoni yama valavu yocheperako imachitika kudzera pakucheka kwakung'ono kwambiri kuposa opaleshoni yotseguka, kapena kudzera mu catheter yolowetsedwa pakhungu. Njira zingapo zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuchita opaleshoni (kudzera pakhungu)
• Opaleshoni yothandizira maloboti

Ngati dotolo wanu atha kukonza valavu yanu ya mitral, mutha kukhala ndi:

• Mphete yotsekemera. Dokotalayo amakonza gawo ngati mphete mozungulira valavuyo mwa kusoka mphete ya pulasitiki, nsalu, kapena minofu kuzungulira valavuyo.
• Kukonza valavu. Dokotalayo amadula, kupanga, kapena kumanganso timapepala ta pa valavu. Mapepalawo ndi ziphuphu zomwe zimatsegula ndi kutseka valavu. Kukonza ma valavu ndibwino kwa ma mitral ndi tricuspid valves. Valavu ya aortic nthawi zambiri siyokonzedwa.

Ngati valavu yanu yawonongeka kwambiri, mufunika valavu yatsopano. Izi zimatchedwa opaleshoni yamavalo m'malo mwake. Dokotala wanu akuchotsani valavu yanu ndikuyikanso yatsopano. Mitundu yayikulu yamatayala atsopano ndi awa:

• Mawotchi - opangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi anthu, monga chitsulo (chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena titaniyamu) kapena ceramic. Ma valve awa amakhala motalika kwambiri, koma muyenera kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, monga warfarin (Coumadin) kapena aspirin, m'moyo wanu wonse.
• Thupi - lopangidwa ndi mnofu wa munthu kapena nyama. Ma valve awa amakhala zaka 12 mpaka 15, koma mwina simusowa kuti muchepetse magazi kwa moyo wonse.

Nthawi zina, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amatha kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yanu yam'mapapo m'malo mwa valavu yowonongeka ya aortic. Valavu yamapapu kenako imalowetsedwa ndi valavu yopangira (iyi imatchedwa Ross Procedure). Njirayi itha kukhala yothandiza kwa anthu omwe safuna kumwa magazi kwa moyo wawo wonse. Komabe, valavu yatsopano ya aortic siyikhala nthawi yayitali ndipo ingafunikire kusinthidwa ndi makina kapena valavu ya biologic.

Zina zokhudzana ndi izi:

• Opaleshoni ya aortic valve - yowonongeka pang'ono
• Opaleshoni ya aortic valve - yotseguka
• Kuchita opaleshoni yamagetsi a Mitral - kovuta kwambiri
• Opral valve valve - yotseguka

Mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ngati valavu yanu sigwira bwino ntchito.

• Vavu lomwe silitseka njira yonse limalola magazi kutayikira kumbuyo. Izi zimatchedwa kubwezeretsanso.
• Valavu yomwe siyitsegulidwe kwathunthu imachepetsa kutsogolo kwa magazi. Izi zimatchedwa stenosis.

Mungafunike opaleshoni yamagetsi pamtima pazifukwa izi:

• Zofooka mu valavu yamtima wanu zikuyambitsa zizindikilo zazikulu zamtima, monga kupweteka pachifuwa (angina), kupuma pang'ono, kufooka (syncope), kapena mtima kulephera.
• Mayeso akuwonetsa kuti kusintha kwa valavu yamtima wanu yayamba kukhudza mtima wanu.
• Dokotala wanu akufuna kuti asinthe kapena kukonza valavu yamtima wanu nthawi imodzimodzi pamene mukuchitidwa opaleshoni yotseguka yamtima pazifukwa zina, monga mtsempha wamagazi wopita kuchipatala.
• Valavu yamtima wanu yawonongeka ndi matenda (endocarditis).
• Mwalandila valavu yatsopano yamtima m'mbuyomu ndipo sikugwira ntchito bwino, kapena muli ndi mavuto ena monga kuundana kwamagazi, matenda, kapena kutuluka magazi.

Ena mwa mavuto a valavu yamtima omwe amachitidwa ndi opaleshoni ndi awa:

• Kulephera kwa aortic
• Aortic stenosis
• Matenda a mtima wobadwa nawo
• Mitral regurgitation - pachimake
• Mitral regurgitation - yayikulu
• Mitral stenosis
• Mitral valve yayenda
• Pulmonary valve stenosis
• Kubwezeretsanso kwa Tricuspid
• Tricuspid valavu stenosis

Kuopsa kochitidwa opaleshoni yamtima ndi monga:

• Imfa
• Matenda amtima
• Mtima kulephera
• Kuthothoka komwe kumafuna kukonzanso
• Kung'ambika kwa mtima
• Kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira (arrhythmia)
• Impso kulephera
• Matenda a Post-pericardiotomy - malungo ochepa komanso kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumatha miyezi 6
• Sitiroko kapena kuvulala kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kapena kosatha kwaubongo
• Matenda
• Mavuto ndi machiritso a mafupa a m'mawere
• Kusokonezeka kwakanthawi pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni chifukwa cha makina am'mapapu amtima

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu popewa matenda opatsirana ndi valavu. Mungafunike kumwa maantibayotiki musanapange mano ndi njira zina zowononga.

Kukonzekera kwanu kwa njirayi kumadalira mtundu wa opareshoni yama valve yomwe muli nayo:

• Opaleshoni ya aortic valve - yowonongeka pang'ono
• Opaleshoni ya aortic valve - yotseguka
• Kuchita opaleshoni yamagetsi a Mitral - kovuta kwambiri
• Opral valve valve - yotseguka

Kuchira kwanu pambuyo pa njirayi kumadalira mtundu wa maopaleshoni omwe mumakhala nawo:

• Opaleshoni ya aortic valve - yowonongeka pang'ono
• Opaleshoni ya aortic valve - yotseguka
• Kuchita opaleshoni yamagetsi a Mitral - kovuta kwambiri
• Opral valve valve - yotseguka

Nthawi zambiri kuchipatala kumakhala masiku 5 mpaka 7. Namwino adzakuwuzani momwe mungadzisamalire nokha kunyumba. Kuchira kwathunthu kumatenga milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo, kutengera thanzi lanu musanachite opareshoni.

Kuchuluka kwa opareshoni yama valve yamtima ndikokwera. Kuchita opareshoni kumatha kuthana ndi matenda anu ndikuchulukitsa moyo wanu.

Mawotchi amagetsi amtima nthawi zambiri samalephera. Komabe, magazi amatha kuundana pamavavu amenewa. Ngati magazi amaundana, mutha kukhala ndi stroke. Kutuluka magazi kumatha kuchitika, koma izi ndizochepa. Mavavu amtundu amatha zaka pafupifupi 12 mpaka 15, kutengera mtundu wa valavu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwakanthawi nthawi zambiri sikofunikira ndi mavavu amtundu.

Nthawi zonse pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga matenda. Lankhulani ndi dokotala musanalandire chithandizo chamtundu uliwonse.

Kudina kwama valve amitima yamakina kumamveka pachifuwa. Izi si zachilendo.

Valavu m'malo; Kukonza valavu; Prosthesis vavu mtima; Mawotchi mawotchi; Mavavu yokumba

• Opaleshoni ya valve yamtima - kutulutsa

• Mtima - gawo kupyola pakati
• Mtima - kuwonera kutsogolo
• Mavavu amtima - mawonekedwe akunja
• Mavavu amtima - mawonekedwe apamwamba
• Opaleshoni ya valve yamtima - mndandanda

Carabello BA. Matenda a mtima wa Valvular. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 66.

Wolemba Hermann HC, Mack MJ. Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana a valvular matenda amtima. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann, DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 72.

Nishimura. RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, ndi al. Kusintha kwa malangizo a AHA / ACC a 2014 pakuwongolera odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtima wa valvular: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Ndine Coll Cardiol. 2017; 70 (2): 252-289. PMID: 28315732 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28315732/.

Otto CM, Bonow RO. Matenda a mtima wa Valvular. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 67.

Rosengart TK, Anand J. Anapeza matenda amtima: valvular. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 60.