Mavuto masomphenya

Pali mitundu yambiri yamavuto amaso ndi zovuta zamasomphenya, monga:

• Halos
• Masomphenya osawoneka bwino (kutha kwa masomphenya akuthwa komanso kulephera kuwona bwino)
• Mawanga akhungu kapena ma scotomas ("mabowo" amdima m'masomphenya momwe simungawoneke)

Kutaya masomphenya ndi khungu ndi mavuto owopsa kwambiri amaso.

Kupimidwa kwamaso pafupipafupi ndi dotolo wamaso kapena maso ndikofunikira. Ziyenera kuchitika kamodzi pachaka ngati muli ndi zaka zopitilira 65. Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kuti mayeso a chaka chilichonse ayambe akadali achichepere.

Kutenga nthawi yayitali pakati pa mayeso kumadalira momwe mungadikire kuti mupeze vuto lamaso lomwe lilibe zisonyezo. Wothandizira anu amalimbikitsa mayeso am'mbuyomu komanso pafupipafupi ngati mukudziwa mavuto amaso kapena mikhalidwe yomwe imadziwika kuti imayambitsa mavuto amaso. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda ashuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Zinthu zofunika izi zitha kuteteza mavuto amaso ndi masomphenya:

• Valani magalasi kuti muteteze maso anu.
• Valani magalasi otetezera mukamenyetsa, akupera, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi.
• Ngati mukufuna magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizana nawo, sungani mankhwalawa mpaka pano.
• Osasuta.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa.
• Khalani pa thupi lolemera.
• Sungani magazi anu komanso cholesterol.
• Sungani magazi anu m'magazi ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga.
• Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi ma antioxidants, monga masamba obiriwira.

Masomphenya amasintha ndi zovuta zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Presbyopia - Kuvuta kuyang'ana zinthu zomwe zili pafupi. Vutoli nthawi zambiri limakhala lodziwika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 40s.
• Matenda a khungu - Kutentha kwa mandala a m'maso, kuchititsa kusawona bwino usiku, ma halos mozungulira magetsi, komanso kuzindikira kwa kunyezimira. Matenda achilendo amapezeka kwa anthu achikulire.
• Glaucoma - Kuchulukitsa kwa diso, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopweteka. Masomphenya amakhala abwinobwino poyamba, koma pakapita nthawi mumatha kukhala ndi vuto lowonera usiku, malo akhungu, komanso kutayika kwamaso mbali zonse ziwiri. Mitundu ina ya glaucoma imatha kuchitika modzidzimutsa, zomwe ndizadzidzidzi zachipatala.
• Matenda amaso ashuga.
• Kusokonekera kwa ma Macular - Kutaya masomphenya apakatikati, kusawona bwino (makamaka mukawerenga), masomphenya osokonekera (mizere yolunjika idzawoneka ngati ya wavy), ndi mitundu yomwe imawoneka ngati yazimiririka. Chomwe chimayambitsa khungu kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60.
• Matenda a maso, kutupa, kapena kuvulala.
• Ma floater - Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tikulowa mkati mwa diso, chomwe chingakhale chizindikiro cha gulu la retina.
• Khungu khungu.
• Gulu la Retinal - Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kuyandama, kunyezimira, kapena kuwunika kwa masomphenya anu, kapena kumverera kwa mthunzi kapena nsalu yotchinga yomwe idapachikika mbali ina yamawonedwe anu.
• Optic neuritis - Kutupa kwa mitsempha yamawonedwe kuchokera kumatenda kapena multiple sclerosis. Mutha kukhala ndi ululu mukamayendetsa diso lanu kapena kukhudza kudzera mu chikope.
• Stroke kapena TIA.
• Chotupa chaubongo.
• Kutuluka magazi m'maso.
• Temporal arteritis - Kutupa kwamitsempha muubongo yomwe imapereka magazi ku mitsempha ya optic.
• Migraine mutu - Mawonekedwe a kuwala, halos, kapena zigzag zomwe zimawonekera mutu usanayambe.

Mankhwala amathanso kukhudza masomphenya.

Onaninso omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi vuto ndi kuwona kwanu.

Funani chisamaliro chadzidzidzi kuchokera kwa omwe amapereka chithandizo mwadzidzidzi ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi khungu laling'ono kapena lathunthu m'maso amodzi kapena onse, ngakhale zitakhala zakanthawi.
• Mumakumana ndi masomphenya awiri, ngakhale atakhala osakhalitsa.
• Mumakhala ndi chidwi chokhudzidwa ndi mthunzi pamaso panu kapena nsalu yotchinga kuchokera kumbali, pamwambapa, kapena pansi.
• Mawanga akhungu, ma halos mozungulira magetsi, kapena malo owonera molakwika amawoneka mwadzidzidzi.
• Muli ndi masomphenya mwadzidzidzi okhala ndi ululu wamaso, makamaka ngati diso ndilofiyanso. Diso lofiira, lopweteka ndi kusawona bwino ndizovuta zamankhwala.

Pezani mayeso athunthu ngati muli:

• Kuvuta kuwona zinthu mbali zonse.
• Kuvuta kuwona usiku kapena powerenga.
• Kutaya pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kwa masomphenya anu.
• Zovuta kusiyanitsa mitundu.
• Maso osokonezeka poyesa kuona zinthu pafupi kapena kutali.
• Matenda ashuga kapena mbiri yakubadwa ndi matenda ashuga.
• Kuyabwa m'maso kapena kutulutsa.
• Masomphenya amasintha omwe amawoneka kuti akukhudzana ndi mankhwala. (Musayime kapena kusintha mankhwala musanalankhule ndi dokotala.)

Wopereka wanu amayang'ana masomphenya anu, mayendedwe amaso, ophunzira, kumbuyo kwa diso lanu (lotchedwa retina), komanso kuthamanga kwa diso. Kuwunika kwazachipatala konse kudzachitika ngati kungafunike.

Zikhala zothandiza kwa omwe akukuthandizani ngati mungafotokozere bwino zomwe mukudziwa. Ganizirani zotsatirazi pasadakhale:

• Vutoli lakhudza masomphenya anu?
• Kodi pali zovuta, ma halos mozungulira magetsi, magetsi owala, kapena malo akhungu?
• Kodi mitundu ikuwoneka ngati ikutha?
• Mukumva kuwawa?
• Kodi mumamva za kuwala?
• Kodi mukung'amba kapena kutulutsa?
• Kodi muli ndi chizungulire, kapena zikuwoneka ngati chipinda chikuzungulira?
• Kodi muli ndi masomphenya awiri?
• Kodi vutoli lili m'maso amodzi kapena onse?
• Kodi izi zinayamba liti? Kodi zidachitika mwadzidzidzi kapena pang'onopang'ono?
• Kodi ndizokhazikika kapena zimabwera ndikupita?
• Zimachitika kangati? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Zimachitika liti? Madzulo? M'mawa?
• Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chimapangitsa kukhala bwino? Choyipa chachikulu?

Woperekayo adzakufunsani za zovuta zamaso zomwe mudakhala nazo m'mbuyomu:

• Kodi izi zidachitikapo kale?
• Kodi mwapatsidwa mankhwala amaso?
• Kodi mwachitidwapo opaleshoni yamaso kapena kuvulala?
• Kodi posachedwapa mwatuluka m'dziko?
• Kodi pali zinthu zatsopano zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuzizindikira, monga sopo, opopera, mafuta odzola, zodzoladzola, zotsuka zovala, makatani, mapepala, kapeti, utoto, kapena ziweto?

Woperekayo adzafunsanso zaumoyo wanu komanso mbiri yabanja:

• Kodi mumakhala ndi ziwengo?
• Kodi mudamuyesa liti komaliza?
• Kodi mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse?
• Kodi mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda aliwonse, monga matenda ashuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi?
• Ndi mavuto amtundu wanji omwe mamembala anu ali nawo?

Mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitidwa:

• Kuyesedwa kwamaso kosavuta
• Kudula nyali
• Kutengera (kuyesa magalasi)
• Tonometry (kuyesa kwa diso)

Chithandizo chimadalira chifukwa. Kuchita opaleshoni kungafunike pazinthu zina.

Kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya; Maso olakwika; Masomphenya olakwika

• Matendawa - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kuika Corneal - kutulutsa
• Refractive corneal opaleshoni - kumaliseche
• Opaleshoni yam'maso - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Maso owoloka
• Diso
• Kuyesa kwowoneka bwino
• Kudula nyali
• Kuyesa kwamasewera owonekera
• Cataract - kutseka kwa diso
• Katemera

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Feldman HM, Chaves-Gnecco D. Odwala otukuka / machitidwe. Mu: Zitelli, BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli ndi Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 3.

Jonas DE, Amick HR, Wallace IF, ndi al. Kuwonera masomphenya kwa ana azaka zapakati pa miyezi 6 mpaka 5: lipoti laumboni ndikuwunikanso mwatsatanetsatane gulu la US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2017; 318 (9): 845-858. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 28873167 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28873167/.

[Adasankhidwa] Thurtell MJ, Tomsak RL. Kutayika kowoneka. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 16.