Nystagmus

Nystagmus ndi liwu lotanthauzira mayendedwe mwachangu, osalamulirika amaso omwe atha kukhala:

• Mbali ndi mbali (yopingasa nystagmus)
• Pamwamba ndi pansi (ofukula nystagmus)
• Makina (makina ozungulira kapena osakondera)

Kutengera choyambitsa, mayendedwe awa atha kukhala m'maso kapena diso limodzi.

Nystagmus imatha kukhudza masomphenya, kulinganiza bwino, komanso kulumikizana.

Kusuntha kwa diso kwa nystagmus kumachitika chifukwa chazinthu zosazolowereka m'magawo amubongo omwe amayang'anira kuyenda kwa diso. Gawo la khutu lamkati lomwe limazindikira kuyenda ndi malo (labyrinth) limathandizira kuwongolera mayendedwe amaso.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya nystagmus:

• Matenda a Infantile nystagmus (INS) amapezeka pakubadwa (kobadwa nako).
• Nystagmus yomwe imapezeka imakula pambuyo pake chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala.

NYSTAGMUS AMENE ALIPO PAKUBADWA (infantile nystagmus syndrome, kapena INS)

Nthawi zambiri INS imakhala yofatsa. Sichikhala chowopsa kwambiri, ndipo sichimakhudzana ndi vuto lina lililonse.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri samadziwa mayendedwe amaso, koma anthu ena amatha kuwawona. Ngati kusunthaku kuli kwakukulu, masomphenya akuthwa (visual acuity) atha kukhala ochepera 20/20. Opaleshoni imatha kukonza masomphenya.

Nystagmus imatha chifukwa cha matenda obadwa nawo m'maso. Ngakhale izi ndizochepa, dokotala wamaso (ophthalmologist) ayenera kuyesa mwana aliyense yemwe ali ndi nystagmus kuti aone ngati ali ndi matenda amaso.

KUDZIWA NYSTAGMUS

Chomwe chimafala kwambiri ndi nystagmus ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala. Phenytoin (Dilantin) - mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu, kumwa mopitirira muyeso, kapena mankhwala aliwonse osungitsa thupi angawononge ntchito ya labyrinth.

Zina mwa zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• Kuvulala pamutu pangozi zamagalimoto
• Zovuta zamakutu zamkati monga labyrinthitis kapena matenda a Meniere
• Sitiroko
• Thiamine kapena kuchepa kwa vitamini B12

Matenda aliwonse amubongo, monga multiple sclerosis kapena zotupa zamaubongo, amatha kuyambitsa nystagmus ngati madera owongolera mayendedwe amaso awonongeka.

Muyenera kusintha zina mnyumba kuti muthandizidwe ndi chizungulire, zovuta zowoneka, kapena kusokonezeka kwamanjenje.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za nystagmus kapena mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala ndi vutoli.

Omwe amakupatsani mwayi adzawona mbiri yakale mosamala ndikuwunika mokwanira, ndikuyang'ana dongosolo lamanjenje ndi khutu lamkati. Woperekayo angakufunseni kuti muvale zikopa zomwe zimakweza maso anu mbali ina ya mayeso.

Kuti muwone ngati nystagmus, wothandizira akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

• Mumazungulira pafupifupi masekondi 30, imani, ndikuyesera kuyang'anitsitsa chinthu.
• Maso anu amayenda pang'onopang'ono mbali imodzi, kenako amayenda molunjika mbali inayo.

Ngati muli ndi nystagmus chifukwa chazachipatala, mayendedwe awa amaso amadalira chifukwa.

Mutha kukhala ndi mayeso otsatirawa:

• Kujambula kwa CT pamutu
• Electro-oculography: Njira yamagetsi yoyezera mayendedwe amaso pogwiritsa ntchito maelekitirodi ang'onoang'ono
• MRI ya mutu
• Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwambiri polemba mayendedwe amaso

Palibe chithandizo pambiri yakubadwa kwa nystagmus. Chithandizo cha nystagmus yopezeka chimadalira chifukwa. Nthawi zina, nystagmus sichingasinthidwe. Milandu chifukwa cha mankhwala kapena matenda, nystagmus nthawi zambiri imatha chifukwa choyambitsa bwino.

Mankhwala ena atha kuthandiza kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aang'ono a nystagmus:

• Nduna
• Opaleshoni monga tenotomy
• Mankhwala othandizira mwana wakhanda nystagmus

Mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kusuntha kwa diso; Kusuntha kwamaso mosadzipereka; Kusuntha kwamaso mwachangu mbali ndi mbali; Mayendedwe osalamulirika amaso; Kusuntha kwa diso - kosalamulirika

• Maonekedwe akunja ndi amkati amaso

Lavin PJM. Neuro-ophthalmology: mawonekedwe oyendetsa magalimoto. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 44.

Proudlock FA, Gottlob I. Nystagmus muubwana. Mu: Lambert SR, Lyons CJ, olemba. Taylor ndi Hoyt's Pediatric Ophthalmology ndi Strabismus. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 89.

Quiros PA, Chang WANGA. Nyastagmus, kulowetsedwa kwa saccadic, ndi kusuntha. Mu: Yanoff M, Duker JS, olemba. Ophthalmology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 9.19.