Kutaya kwakumva

Kutaya kwakumva kumatha pang'ono kapena kumalephera kumva mawu m'makutu amodzi kapena onse awiri.

Zizindikiro zakumva kwakanthawi zimatha kuphatikizira:

• Phokoso lina limamveka mokweza khutu limodzi
• Kuvuta kutsatira zokambirana pomwe anthu awiri kapena kupitilira apo akuyankhula
• Kuvuta kwakumva m'malo amkokomo
• Zovuta kunena mamvekedwe apamwamba (monga "s" kapena "th") wina ndi mnzake
• Zovuta zochepa kumva mawu a amuna kuposa mawu azimayi
• Kumva mawu ngati ong'ung'udza kapena osasunthika

Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• Kumverera kukhala wopanda malire kapena wamisala (wofala kwambiri ndi matenda a Ménière ndi acoustic neuroma)
• Kumva kupsinjika khutu (mumadzimadzi kuseri kwa eardrum)
• Kulira kapena kumveka m'makutu (tinnitus)

Kutaya kwakumva koyenera (CHL) kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto lamakina lakunja kapena pakatikati. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa:

• Mafupa atatu a khutu (ossicles) samayendetsa bwino mawu.
• Phokoso la khutu silimanjenjemera poyankha mawu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kumva kwakanthawi kochepa zimatha kuchiritsidwa. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Kupanga sera mu ngalande ya khutu
• Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa ang'onoang'ono (ossicles) omwe ali kumbuyo kwa khutu la khutu
• Madzi otsala m'makutu atadwala khutu
• Chinthu chachilendo chomwe chatsekedwa mu ngalande ya khutu
• Bowo m'makutu
• Kutupa pamphuno kwa khutu kuchokera kumatenda obwerezabwereza

Kutaya kwakumva kwa sensorineural (SNHL) kumachitika pomwe timaselo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono (timizere tating'onoting'ono) tomwe timamva mawu khutu tavulala, kudwala, sikugwira ntchito moyenera, kapena kufa. Mtundu wakumvawu nthawi zambiri sungasinthidwe.

Kutaya kwakumva komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha:

• Acoustic neuroma
• Kutaya kwakumva kokhudzana ndi zaka
• Matenda a ana, monga matenda oumitsa khosi, ntchofu, malungo ofiira, ndi chikuku
• Matenda a Ménière
• Kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi ndi phokoso lalikulu (monga kuchokera kuntchito kapena zosangalatsa)
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena

Kutaya kwakumva kumatha kupezeka pakubadwa (kobadwa nako) ndipo kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Zolepheretsa kubadwa zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwamakutu
• Zomwe zimachitika (zoposa 400 zimadziwika)
• Matenda omwe mayi amapatsira mwana wake m'mimba, monga toxoplasmosis, rubella, kapena herpes

Khutu amathanso kuvulazidwa ndi:

• Kusiyanitsa kwakukakamira mkati ndi kunja kwa khutu la khutu, nthawi zambiri kuchokera pamadzi osambira
• Kuphulika kwa zigaza (kumatha kuwononga kapangidwe kake kapena misempha yamakutu)
• Kupwetekedwa mtima chifukwa cha kuphulika, zozimitsa moto, kuwombera mfuti, makonsati a rock, ndi mahedifoni

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kutulutsa sera kuchokera khutu (modekha) ndi ma syringe am'makutu (omwe amapezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa mankhwala) ndi madzi ofunda. Zofewetsa phula (monga Cerumenex) zitha kukhala zofunikira ngati phula ndilolimba ndipo lamira khutu.

Samalani pochotsa zinthu zakunja khutu. Pokhapokha zitakhala zosavuta kuzifikirako, uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti achotse chinthucho. Musagwiritse ntchito zida zakuthwa kuti muchotse zinthu zakunja.

Onani omwe akukuthandizani kuti mumve chilichonse.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mavuto akumva amasokoneza moyo wanu.
• Mavuto akumva samatha kapena kukula.
• Kumva kumakhala koipa kwambiri khutu limodzi kuposa linzake.
• Mukumva mwadzidzidzi, kumva kwambiri kapena kulira m'makutu (tinnitus).
• Muli ndi zizindikiro zina, monga kupweteka kwa khutu, komanso mavuto akumva.
• Muli ndi mutu watsopano, kufooka, kapena kufooka kulikonse pathupi lanu.

Woperekayo amatenga mbiri yanu yazachipatala ndikuwunika.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Kuyesedwa kwa ma audiometric (mayeso akumva omwe amayang'anitsitsa mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwakumva)
  
• Kujambula kwa CT kapena MRI kwa mutu (ngati mukukayikira chotupa kapena kupasuka)
• Zamgululi

Maopaleshoni otsatirawa atha kuthandiza mitundu ina yakumva kumva:

• Kukonza makutu
• Kuyika machubu m'makutu kuti muchotse madzi
• Kukonza mafupa ang'onoang'ono mkatikati (ossiculoplasty)

Zotsatirazi zitha kuthandiza pakutha kwakumva kwakanthawi:

• Zipangizo zomvera zomvera
• Kachitidwe ka chitetezo ndi chenjezo kunyumba kwanu
• Zothandizira kumva
• Kukhazikitsa kwa Cochlear
• Njira zophunzirira zokuthandizani kulankhulana
• Chilankhulo chamanja (kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lakumva)

Zipangizo za Cochlear zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu omwe ataya kumva kwambiri kuti apindule ndi thandizo lakumva.

Kuchepetsa kumva; Ogontha; Kutaya kumva; Kuchititsa kumva kumva; Kutaya kwamakutu; Presbycusis

• Kutulutsa khutu

Zojambula HA, Adams ME. Kutaya kwakumva kwa akulu. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 152.

Eggermont JJ. Mitundu yakumva. Mu: Eggermont JJ, mkonzi. Kumva Kutaya. Cambridge, MA: Atolankhani a Elsevier Academic; 2017: mutu 5.

Kerber KA, Baloh RW. Neuro-otology: kuzindikira ndi kuwongolera zovuta za neuro-otological. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 46.

Le Prell CG. Kutulutsa kaphokoso komwe kumayambitsa phokoso. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 154.

Wometa AE, Shibata SB, Smith RJH. Kutaya kwakumverera kwamatenda. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chaputala 150.

Weinstein B. Zovuta zakumva. Mu: Fillit HM, Rockwood K, Young J, eds. Brocklehurst's Textbook of Geriatric Medicine ndi Gerontology. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2017: mutu 96.