Kutuluka m'mimba

Kutuluka m'mimba (GI) kumatanthauza kutaya magazi kulikonse komwe kumayambira m'mimba.

Kutaya magazi kumatha kubwera kuchokera kutsamba lililonse lomwe lili pagawo la GI, koma nthawi zambiri limagawidwa:

• Kutuluka kwa magazi kumtunda: Gawo lapamwamba la GI limaphatikizapo minyewa (chubu kuchokera mkamwa mpaka mmimba), m'mimba, ndi gawo loyamba la m'mimba.
• Kutaya magazi m'munsi: Magawo apansi a GI amaphatikizapo matumbo ang'onoang'ono, matumbo akulu kapena matumbo, rectum, ndi anus.

Kuchuluka kwa magazi mu GI kumatha kukhala kocheperako kotero kuti kumangopezeka poyesa labu monga kuyezetsa magazi kwamatsenga. Zizindikiro zina zakutuluka kwa GI ndi monga:

• Mdima wakuda, malo odikira
• Magazi akulu amatuluka kuchokera kumatumbo
• Magazi ang'onoang'ono m'mbale ya chimbudzi, papepala lachimbudzi, kapena m'mitsinje (ndowe)
• Kusanza magazi

Kutaya magazi kwambiri kuchokera mu thirakiti la GI kumatha kukhala koopsa. Komabe, ngakhale magazi ochepa kwambiri omwe amapezeka kwa nthawi yayitali amatha kubweretsa zovuta monga kuchepa kwa magazi kapena kuchuluka kwamagazi.

Malo opatsirana magazi akapezeka, mankhwala ambiri amapezeka kuti athetse magazi kapena kuthandizira.

Kutuluka magazi kwa GI kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe sizili zazikulu, kuphatikizapo:

• Kuphulika kumatako
• Minyewa

Kutuluka magazi kwa GI kungakhalenso chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa kwambiri. Izi zitha kuphatikizira khansa ya thirakiti la GI monga:

• Khansa ya m'matumbo
• Khansa ya m'mimba yaying'ono
• Khansa yam'mimba
• Matumbo am'mimba (matenda asanabadwe khansa)

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa magazi a GI atha kukhala:

• Mitsempha yamagazi yosazolowereka mkati mwa matumbo (yotchedwanso angiodysplasia)
• Kutulutsa magazi diverticulum, kapena diverticulosis
• Matenda a Crohn kapena ulcerative colitis
• Mitundu yotupa ya Esophageal
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Zilonda zam'mimba (m'mimba)
• Kuthamangitsidwa (matumbo omwe adadziwonetsera okha)
• Mallory-Weiss akung'amba
• Meckel diverticulum
• Mavuto a radiation kumatumbo

Pali zoyeserera zapakhomo zamagazi ang'onoang'ono zomwe zingalimbikitsidwe kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi kapena kuwunika khansa yam'matumbo.

Imbani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati:

• Muli ndimitando yakuda, yodikira (ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha magazi a GI)
• Muli ndi magazi mu mpando wanu
• Mumasanza magazi kapena mumasanza zinthu zomwe zimawoneka ngati malo a khofi

Wothandizira anu amatha kupeza magazi a GI mukamayesedwa kuofesi yanu.

Kutuluka magazi kwa GI kumatha kukhala vuto ladzidzidzi lomwe limafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Chithandizo chitha kukhala:

• Kuikidwa magazi.
• Madzi ndi mankhwala kudzera mumtsempha.
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Chubu chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi kamera kumapeto chimadutsa pakamwa panu mummero, m'mimba, ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono.
• Chubu chimayikidwa mkamwa mwako kulowa m'mimba kuti utulutse zomwe zili m'mimba (kutsuka kwa m'mimba).

Matenda anu akakhazikika, mudzayesedwa mthupi ndikuwunikidwa pamimba. Mufunsidwanso mafunso okhudzana ndi zizindikilo zanu, kuphatikiza:

• Ndi liti pamene munayamba kuona zizindikiro?
• Kodi mudakhala ndi zotupa zakuda, zakudikirira kapena magazi ofiira?
• Kodi mwasanza magazi?
• Kodi mumasanza zinthu zomwe zimawoneka ngati khofi?
• Kodi muli ndi mbiri ya zilonda zam'mimba kapena zam'mimba?
• Kodi mudakhalapo ndi zizindikilo ngati izi kale?
• Ndi zisonyezo zina ziti zomwe muli nazo?

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• M'mimba mwa CT scan
• Mimba ya m'mimba ya MRI
• X-ray m'mimba
• Zithunzi
• Kusanthula magazi (kuyika khungu lofiira la magazi)
• Mayeso okutira magazi
• Capsule endoscopy (mapiritsi a kamera omwe amamezedwa kuti ayang'ane m'matumbo ang'ono)
• Zojambulajambula
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi (CBC), kuyesa kuundana, kuchuluka kwa ma platelet, ndi mayeso ena a labotale
• Enteroscopy
• Masewera a Sigmoidoscopy
• EGD kapena esophago-gastro endoscopy

Kutaya magazi m'munsi; Kutuluka kwa GI; Kutuluka magazi kumtunda; Hematochezia

• Kutuluka magazi kwa GI - mndandanda
• Mayeso amatsenga amatsenga

Kovacs TO, Jensen DM. Kutaya magazi m'mimba. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 135.

Meguerdichian DA, Goralnick E. Kutuluka m'mimba. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 27.

Amasunga TJ, Jensen DM. Kutuluka m'mimba. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Fordtran's Mimba ndi Matenda a Chiwindi: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 20.