Kusokonezeka

Kusokonezeka ndi chikhalidwe chosasangalatsa chodzutsa kwambiri. Munthu wopsinjika amatha kumva kuti watakataka, watekeseka, wasokonezeka, wasokonezeka, kapena wakwiya.

Kusokonezeka kumatha kubwera modzidzimutsa kapena pakapita nthawi. Ikhoza kukhala kwa mphindi zochepa, kwa milungu, kapena ngakhale miyezi. Ululu, kupsinjika, ndi malungo zonse zimatha kukulitsa kusokonezeka.

Kusokonezeka kokha sikungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda. Koma ngati zizindikiro zina zimachitika, zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda.

Kusokonezeka ndi kusintha kwa kukhala tcheru (kusintha malingaliro) kungakhale chizindikiro cha delirium. Delirium ili ndi vuto lachipatala ndipo liyenera kufufuzidwa ndi wothandizira nthawi yomweyo.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Kuledzera kapena kusiya
• Matupi awo sagwirizana
• Kuledzeretsa ndi khofi
• Mitundu ina yamatenda amtima, mapapo, chiwindi, kapena impso
• Kuledzera kapena kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (monga cocaine, chamba, hallucinogens, PCP, kapena opiates)
• Kuchipatala (achikulire nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi delirium ali mchipatala)
• Chithokomiro chopitilira muyeso (hyperthyroidism)
• Matenda (makamaka okalamba)
• Kuchotsa chikonga
• Poizoni (mwachitsanzo, poizoni wa carbon monoxide)
• Mankhwala ena, kuphatikizapo theophylline, amphetamines, ndi steroids
• Zowopsa
• Kulephera kwa Vitamini B6

Kusokonezeka kumatha kuchitika ndi mavuto amisala komanso ubongo, monga:

• Nkhawa
• Dementia (monga matenda a Alzheimer)
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Mania
• Matenda achizungu

Njira yofunikira kwambiri yothanirana ndi kupsinjika ndikupeza zomwe zikuyambitsa. Kusokonezeka kumatha kubweretsa chiopsezo chowonjezeka chodzipha komanso ziwawa zina.

Pambuyo pochiza vutoli, njira zotsatirazi zitha kuchepetsa nkhawa:

• Malo abata
• Kuunikira kokwanira masana ndi mdima usiku
• Mankhwala monga benzodiazepines, ndipo nthawi zina, ma antipsychotic
• Kugona kochuluka

MUSAMAYIMBITSE munthu wokwiya, ngati zingatheke. Izi nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa vutoli kukulirakulira. Gwiritsani ntchito zoletsa pokhapokha ngati munthuyo ali pachiwopsezo chodzivulaza kapena kuvulaza ena, ndipo palibe njira ina yothetsera khalidweli.

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakupatsani kuti musavutike kuti:

• Imakhala nthawi yayitali
• Ndiwovuta kwambiri
• Zimachitika ndimalingaliro kapena zochita zodzivulaza nokha kapena ena
• Zimapezeka ndi zizindikilo zina, zosadziwika

Wothandizira anu atenga mbiri yakuchipatala ndikuwunika. Kuti mumvetse bwino kukhumudwa kwanu, omwe amakupatsani akhoza kukufunsani zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi kusokonezeka kwanu.

Mayeso atha kuphatikiza:

• Kuyezetsa magazi (monga kuwerengera magazi, kuyezetsa matenda, kuyesa chithokomiro, kapena kuchuluka kwa mavitamini)
• Mutu CT kapena mutu wa MRI scan
• Lumbar kuboola (tapampopi)
• Kuyezetsa mkodzo (kuyezetsa matenda, kuwunika mankhwala)
• Zizindikiro zofunikira (kutentha, kutentha, kupuma, kuthamanga kwa magazi)

Chithandizo chimadalira chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwanu.

Kusakhazikika

Tsamba la American Psychiatric Association. Matenda a Schizophrenia ndi zovuta zina zama psychotic. Mu: American Psychiatric Association. Kusanthula ndi Buku Lophatikiza la Mavuto Amisala. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America; 2013: 87-122.

Inouye SK. Delirium mwa wodwalayo. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 25.

Prager LM, Ivkovic A. Achipatala mwadzidzidzi. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 88.