Mayeso a potaziyamu

Kuyesaku kumayeza kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu mgawo lamadzi (seramu) lamagazi. Potaziyamu (K +) imathandiza mitsempha ndi minofu kuyankhulana. Zimathandizanso kusunthira michere m'maselo ndikuwononga zinthu m'maselo.

Masamba a potaziyamu m'thupi amayang'aniridwa makamaka ndi mahomoni aldosterone.

Muyenera kuyesa magazi. Nthawi zambiri magazi amatengedwa mumtambo womwe uli mkati mwa chigongono kapena kumbuyo kwa dzanja.

Mankhwala ambiri amatha kusokoneza zotsatira zoyesa magazi.

• Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu angakuuzeni ngati mukufuna kusiya kumwa mankhwala musanayezeke.
• Osayimitsa kapena kusintha mankhwala anu osalankhula ndi omwe akukuthandizani kaye.

Mutha kumva kupweteka pang'ono kapena mbola pamene singano imayikidwa. Muthanso kumva kupwetekedwa pamalowo magazi atatengedwa.

Kuyesaku ndi gawo lanthawi zonse lazoyambira kapena zophatikizika zamagetsi.

Mutha kukhala ndi mayeso awa kuti mupeze kapena kuwunika matenda a impso. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu wamagazi ndimatenda a impso.

Potaziyamu ndiyofunika pamtima.

• Wothandizira anu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayesowa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena mavuto amtima.
• Kusintha pang'ono pamitengo ya potaziyamu kumatha kukhala ndi gawo lalikulu pantchito zamitsempha ndi minofu, makamaka mtima.
• Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu kumatha kubweretsa kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira kapena kuwonongeka kwamagetsi pamtima.
• Kuthamanga kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa minofu yamtima.
• Mulimonsemo zingayambitse mavuto amtima owopsa.

Zitha kuchitidwanso ngati omwe amakupatsirani akuganiza kuti kagayidwe kachakudya kamene kamayambitsa matenda (mwachitsanzo, kamayamba chifukwa cha matenda ashuga osalamulirika) kapena alkalosis (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kusanza kwambiri).

Nthawi zina, kuyezetsa potaziyamu kumatha kuchitidwa mwa anthu omwe akudwala ziwalo.

Mulingo woyenera ndi 3.7 mpaka 5.2 milliequivalents pa lita (mEq / L) 3.70 mpaka 5.20 millimoles pa lita (millimol / L).

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa ma labotore osiyanasiyana. Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za tanthauzo la zotsatira zanu zoyeserera.

Zitsanzo pamwambapa zikuwonetsa muyeso wamba wazotsatira zamayesowa. Ma labotale ena amagwiritsa ntchito miyeso yosiyana kapena amatha kuyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mapuloteni a potaziyamu (hyperkalemia) atha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Matenda a Addison (osowa)
• Kuikidwa magazi
• Mankhwala ena kuphatikiza angiotensin otembenuza enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), ndi potaziyamu-osunga diuretics spironolactone, amiloride ndi triamterene
• Kuvulala kwa minofu
• Matenda opatsirana nthawi ndi nthawi
• Hypoaldosteronism (chosowa kwambiri)
• Kulephera kwa impso kapena kulephera
• Kagayidwe kachakudya kapena kupuma acidosis
• Kuwonongeka kwa magazi ofiira
• Potaziyamu wambiri mu zakudya zanu

Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu (hypokalemia) kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Kutsekula m'mimba kwambiri
• Cushing syndrome (kawirikawiri)
• Mankhwala okodzetsa monga hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, ndi indapamide
• Hyperaldosteronism
• Matenda a Hypokalemic periodic
• Osakwanira potaziyamu mu zakudya
• Aimpso mtsempha wamagazi stenosis
• Renal tubular acidosis (kawirikawiri)
• Kusanza

Ngati kuli kovuta kulowetsa singano mumtengowo kuti mutenge magazi, kuvulala kwama cell ofiira kumatha kuyambitsa potaziyamu. Izi zitha kubweretsa zotsatira zabodza.

Mayeso a Hypokalemia; K +

• Kuyezetsa magazi

Phiri la DB. Kusokonezeka kwa potaziyamu bwino. Mu: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, olemba. Brenner ndi Rector a Impso. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 18.

Patney V, Whaley-Connell A. Hypokalemia ndi hyperkalemia. Mu: Lerma EV, Kutulutsa MA, Topf JM, eds. Zinsinsi za Nephrology. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 74.

Seifter JR. Matenda a potaziyamu. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 117.