Gulu la anti-nyukiliya

Gulu la antiinuclear antibody ndi kuyesa magazi komwe kumayang'ana ma anti-nyukiliya (ANA).

ANA ndi ma antibodies opangidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimamangirira kumatupi a thupi. Mayeso a antiinuclear antibody amayang'ana ma antibodies omwe amamangiriza gawo la khungu lotchedwa khutu. Kuyezetsa magazi kumatsimikizira ngati ma antibodies amenewa alipo. Kuyesaku kumayesanso mulingo, wotchedwa titer, ndi dongosolo, lomwe lingakhale lothandiza.Ngati mayeserowo ali othandiza, mayesero angachitike kuti azindikire zolinga za antigen. Ili ndiye gulu la ANA.

Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mumtsempha. Nthawi zambiri, mtsempha wokhala mkati mwa chigongono kapena kumbuyo kwa dzanja umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamalowa pamatsukidwa mankhwala opha majeremusi (antiseptic). Wothandizira zaumoyo amakulunga kansalu kotanuka kumanja kumtunda kuti apanikizire malowa ndikupangitsa mtsempha kutupika ndi magazi.

Kenako, woperekayo amalowetsa singano mumtambo. Mwazi umasonkhanitsa mu chotengera chotsitsimula kapena chubu cholumikizidwa ndi singano. Lamba womata wachotsedwa m'manja mwanu.

Magazi akangotoleredwa, singano imachotsedwa, ndipo malo obowola amafundidwa kuti asiye magazi.

Kwa makanda kapena ana aang'ono, chida chakuthwa chotchedwa lancet chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuboola khungu ndikuthira magazi. Mwazi umasonkhanitsa mu chubu chaching'ono chagalasi chotchedwa pipette, kapena pagawo loyeserera kapena loyesa. Bandeji itha kuyikidwa pamalopo ngati pali magazi.

Kutengera labotale, mayesowo atha kuchitidwa mosiyanasiyana. Njira imodzi imafunikira waluso kuti aunike magazi ake pogwiritsa ntchito microscope pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Wina amagwiritsa ntchito chida chodzilemba kuti alembe zotsatira.

Palibe kukonzekera kwapadera komwe kumafunikira. Komabe, mankhwala ena, kuphatikiza mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, procainamide, ndi thiazide diuretics, zimakhudza kulondola kwa kuyesaku. Onetsetsani kuti opereka chithandizo akudziwa za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa.

Pamene singano imayikidwa kuti ikoke magazi, anthu ena amamva kupweteka pang'ono. Ena amangomva kuti amangobaya kapena kuluma. Pambuyo pake, pakhoza kukhala kupindika.

Mungafunike mayesowa ngati muli ndi zizindikilo za matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha, makamaka systemic lupus erythematosus. Mayesowa atha kuchitika ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosafotokozedwa monga nyamakazi, zotupa, kapena kupweteka pachifuwa.

Anthu ena abwinobwino amakhala ndi ANA ochepa. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa mlingo wochepa wa ANA sikuli kwachilendo nthawi zonse.

ANA akuti ndi "titer". Maudindo otsika ali pakati pa 1:40 mpaka 1:60. Kuyesedwa koyenera kwa ANA ndikofunikira kwambiri ngati mulinso ndi ma antibodies olimbana ndi mitundu iwiri ya DNA.

Kupezeka kwa ANA sikutsimikizira kuti matenda a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Komabe, kusowa kwa ANA kumapangitsa kuti matendawa azikhala ochepa.

Ngakhale ANA nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi SLE, mayeso abwino a ANA amathanso kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena amthupi okha.

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa ma labotore osiyanasiyana. Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za tanthauzo la zotsatira zanu zoyeserera.

Zitsanzo pamwambapa zikuwonetsa muyeso wamba wazotsatira zamayesowa. Ma labotale ena amagwiritsa ntchito miyeso yosiyana kapena amatha kuyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mayeso ena atha kuyendetsedwa pamagazi ndi mayeso a ANA kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi SLE, pali zinthu zina zamankhwala komanso ANA zomwe zimayenera kupezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, ma antibodies ena enieni a ANA amathandizira kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa.

Kupezeka kwa ANA m'magazi kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zovuta zina zambiri kupatula SLE. Izi zikuphatikiza:

MATENDA AUTOIMMUNE

• Matenda osakanikirana
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a lupus erythematosus
• Myositis (matenda otupa minofu)
• Matenda a nyamakazi
• Matenda a Sjögren
• Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
• Matenda a chithokomiro
• Matenda a hepatitis
• Zizindikiro

Matenda

• Vuto la EB
• Chiwindi C
• HIV
• Parvovirus

Mitsempha ndi mitsempha imasiyana mosiyanasiyana kuchokera pa munthu wina kupita kwina, komanso kuchokera mbali imodzi ya thupi kupita mbali inayo. Kupeza magazi kuchokera kwa anthu ena kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa kwa ena.

Zowopsa zina zomwe zimakoka magazi ndi zochepa, koma mwina ndi izi:

• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kukomoka kapena kumva mopepuka
• Hematoma (magazi akuchuluka pansi pa khungu)
• Kutenga (chiopsezo chochepa nthawi iliyonse khungu likasweka)

Wothandizira anu adzagwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za gulu la ANA kuti athandizire kuzindikira. Pafupifupi anthu onse omwe ali ndi SLE yogwira amakhala ndi ANA wabwino. Komabe, ANA yabwino payokha siyokwanira kuti munthu adziwe ngati ali ndi SLE kapena matenda ena aliwonse. Mayeso a ANA ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mbiri yanu yazachipatala, kuyezetsa thupi ndi mayeso ena a labotale.

ANA itha kukhala yabwino kwa achibale a anthu omwe ali ndi SLE omwe alibe SLE okha.

Pali mwayi wochepa kwambiri wopanga SLE nthawi ina m'moyo ngati chokhacho chomwe mungapeze ndi ANA.

ANA; Gulu la ANA; Gulu lowonera la ANA; SLE - ANA; Zokhudza lupus erythematosus - ANA

• Kuyezetsa magazi

Alberto von Mühlen C, Fritzler MJ, Chan EKL. Kuyesa kwazachipatala ndi labotale ya systemic rheumatic matenda. Mu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, olemba., Eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Wachitatu. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 52.

Tsamba la American College of Rheumatology. Ma antibodies a antiinuclear (ANA). www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Antinuclear-Antibodies-ANA. Idasinthidwa pa Marichi 2017. Idapezeka pa Epulo 04, 2019.

Reeves WH, Zhuang H, Han S. Autoantibodies mu systemic lupus erythematosus. Mu: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, olemba. Zamatsenga. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 139.