Kuyeserera kwake kwa antigen

Kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumayenderana ndi antigen kumayang'ana mapuloteni otchedwa anti leukocyte antigen (HLAs). Izi zimapezeka pamwamba pamaselo pafupifupi onse m'thupi la munthu. Ma HLA amapezeka ambiri pamwamba pamaselo oyera. Amathandizira chitetezo cha mthupi kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa minyewa ya thupi ndi zinthu zomwe sizili mthupi lanu.

Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mumtsempha. Mutha kumva kupweteka pang'ono kapena mbola pamene singano imayikidwa. Pambuyo pake, pakhoza kukhala kupindika.

Simuyenera kukonzekera mayeso awa.

Zotsatira zakuyesaku zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira machesi abwino ophatikizika ndi kupangika kwa ziwalo. Izi zingaphatikizepo kumuika impso kapena kumuika m'mafupa.

Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ku:

• Dziwani mavuto ena am'thupi. Hypersensitivity ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi chitsanzo.
• Sankhani maubwenzi apakati pa ana ndi makolo pomwe maubwenzi oterewa akukayikiridwa.
• Onetsetsani mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena.

Muli ndi ma HLA ochepa omwe amaperekedwa kuchokera kwa makolo anu. Ana, pafupifupi, theka la ma HLA awo amafanana ndi theka la amayi awo ndipo theka la ma HLA awo amafanana ndi theka la abambo awo.

Sizingatheke kuti anthu awiri osagwirizana azikhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana a HLA. Komabe, mapasa ofanana amatha kufanana.

Mitundu ina ya HLA imakonda kupezeka m'matenda ena amthupi okha. Mwachitsanzo, antigen ya HLA-B27 imapezeka mwa anthu ambiri (koma osati onse) ali ndi ankylosing spondylitis ndi Reiter syndrome.

Pali chiopsezo chochepa chotenga magazi anu. Mitsempha ndi mitsempha imasiyana mosiyanasiyana kuchokera pa munthu wina kupita kwina komanso kuchokera mbali imodzi ya thupi kupita mbali inayo. Kutenga magazi kuchokera kwa anthu ena kumatha kukhala kovuta kuposa ena.

Zowopsa zina zomwe zimakoka magazi ndi zochepa, koma mwina ndi izi:

• Kukomoka kapena kumva mopepuka
• Ma punctures angapo kuti mupeze mitsempha
• Hematoma (magazi omanga pansi pa khungu)
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kutenga (chiopsezo chochepa nthawi iliyonse khungu likasweka)

Kulemba kwa HLA; Kulemba minofu

• Kuyezetsa magazi
• Minofu Yamathambo

Fagoaga KAPENA. Antigen ya leukocyte antigen: vuto lalikulu kwambiri lofananira kwamunthu. Mu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, olemba., Eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Wachitatu. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 49.

Monos DS, Winchester RJ. Kusintha kwakukulu kwakapangidwe kake. Mu: Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Shearer WT, Schroeder HW, AJ ochepa, Weyand CM, eds. Clinical Immunology: Mfundo ndi Zochita. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 5.

Wang E, Adams S, Stroncek DF, Marincola FM. Antigen ya leukocyte antigen ndi machitidwe a antigen a anthu a neutrophil. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 113.