Chifuwa cha MRI

Kujambula pachifuwa cha MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ndiyeso yojambula yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi kupanga zithunzi za chifuwa (thoracic area). Sigwiritsa ntchito radiation (x-ray).

Kuyesaku kwachitika motere:

• Mutha kupemphedwa kuvala chovala chaku chipatala kapena chovala chopanda zomangira zachitsulo (monga thukuta ndi t-sheti). Mitundu ina yazitsulo imatha kuyambitsa zithunzi zosalongosoka kapena kukhala pangozi m'chipindacho.
• Mumagona pa tebulo laling'ono, lomwe limalowa mu sikani yayikulu yooneka ngati ngalande.
• Muyenera kukhala bata pakamayesa, chifukwa mayendedwe amayambitsa zithunzi zolakwika. Mutha kuuzidwa kuti musunge mpweya wanu kwakanthawi kochepa.

Mayeso ena amafuna utoto wapadera womwe umatchedwa kusiyanitsa. Utoto nthawi zambiri umaperekedwa musanayezedwe kudzera mumitsempha (IV) yomwe ili m'manja mwanu kapena m'manja. Utoto umathandiza radiologist kuwona madera ena bwino lomwe. Kuyezetsa magazi kuyeza ntchito yanu ya impso kumatha kuchitika musanayezedwe. Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti impso zanu zili ndi thanzi lokwanira kusefa zakusiyanazo.

Pa MRI, munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito makinawo amakuwonerani kuchokera kuchipinda china. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 60, koma zimatha kutenga nthawi yayitali.

Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola 4 kapena 6 musanajambulitse.

Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati muli claustrophobic (mumaopa malo otsekedwa). Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala okuthandizani kuti mukhale ogona komanso osakhala ndi nkhawa. Wopereka wanu atha kunena za MRI "yotseguka", pomwe makinawo sali pafupi ndi thupi lanu.

Asanayesedwe, uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati muli:

• Zithunzi za ubongo
• Mavavu amtima opangira
• Mtetezi wamtima kapena pacemaker
• Zodzala zamakutu zamkati (cochlear)
• Matenda a impso kapena ali ndi dialysis (mwina simungathe kusiyanitsa)
• Zowayika posachedwa
• Mitsempha ya mitsempha
• Ankagwira ntchito ndi chitsulo m'mbuyomu (mungafunike kuyesa kuti muwone ngati zidutswa zazitsulo zili m'maso mwanu)

MRI imakhala ndi maginito amphamvu, chifukwa chake zinthu zachitsulo siziloledwa kulowa mchipindacho ndi sikani ya MRI. Izi ndichifukwa choti pali chiwopsezo kuti atengeke kuchokera m'thupi lanu kupita pa sikani. Zitsanzo zazinthu zachitsulo zomwe muyenera kuchotsa ndi izi:

• Zolembera, mipeni ya m'thumba, ndi magalasi amaso
• Zinthu monga zodzikongoletsera, mawotchi, makhadi a ngongole, ndi zothandizira kumva
• Pini, zikhomo zopangira tsitsi, ndi zipi zachitsulo
• Ntchito yochotsa mano

Zina mwazinthu zatsopano zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ndizogwirizana ndi MRI, kotero radiologist amafunika kuyang'ana wopanga zida kuti adziwe ngati MRI ndiyotheka.

Kuyeza kwa MRI sikumapweteka. Ngati mukuvutika kugona modekha kapena mukuchita mantha kwambiri, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala kuti musangalale. Kusunthika kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza zithunzi za MRI ndikupangitsa zolakwika pomwe dokotala akuyang'ana zithunzizo.

Gome likhoza kukhala lolimba kapena lozizira, koma mutha kufunsa bulangeti kapena pilo. Makinawo amapanga phokoso lalikulu ndikumveketsa mukatsegulidwa. Mutha kuvala mapulagi amakutu kuti muchepetse phokoso.

Intakomu m'chipindamo imakupatsani mwayi wolankhula ndi munthu nthawi iliyonse. Ma MRIs ena amakhala ndi ma TV komanso mahedifoni apadera omwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuti muthane ndi nthawi.

Palibe nthawi yochira, pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mankhwala oti musangalale. Pambuyo pakuwunika kwa MRI, mutha kuyambiranso zakudya zanu zachizolowezi, zochita zanu, ndi mankhwala.

MRI ya pachifuwa imapereka zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane zamatenda m'chifuwa. Mwambiri, sizabwino kuyang'ana m'mapapu ngati CT chest scan, koma itha kukhala yabwinoko kumatenda ena.

MRI ya pachifuwa itha kuchitidwa kuti:

• Fotokozerani njira ina yojambulira zithunzi, kapena pewani kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi ndi radiation
• Fotokozerani zomwe zapezeka kuchokera ku x-rays kapena ma CT scan
• Dziwani zophuka zachilendo m'chifuwa
• Unikani magazi
• Onetsani ma lymph node ndi mitsempha yamagazi
• Onetsani kapangidwe ka chifuwa modabwitsa
• Onani ngati khansa pachifuwa yafalikira mbali zina za thupi (izi zimatchedwa staging - zimathandiza kuwongolera chithandizo chamtsogolo ndikutsata, ndikukupatsani lingaliro la zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera mtsogolo)
• Onani zotupa

Zotsatira zabwinobwino zikutanthauza kuti dera lanu pachifuwa limawoneka labwinobwino.

Chifuwa chachilendo cha MRI chitha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• Kugwetsa pakhoma, kukulira kapena kubaluni kosazolowereka, kapena kuchepa kwa mtsempha waukulu womwe umatulutsa magazi kuchokera mumtima (aorta)
• Zosintha zina zachilendo m'mitsempha yayikulu m'mapapu kapena pachifuwa
• Kupanga magazi kapena madzimadzi mozungulira mtima kapena mapapo
• Khansa ya m'mapapo kapena khansa yomwe yafalikira m'mapapu kuchokera kwina kulikonse mthupi
• Khansa kapena zotupa za mtima
• Khansa kapena zotupa pachifuwa, monga chotupa cha thymus
• Matenda omwe minofu ya mtima imafooka, kutambasulidwa, kapena imakhala ndi vuto lina (mtima)
• Kutolera kwamadzimadzi mozungulira mapapo (pleural effusion)
• Kuwonongeka kwa, ndikukulitsa njira yayikulu yamapapu (bronchiectasis)
• Mafupa okulirapo
• Kutenga kwa minofu yamtima kapena valavu yamtima
• Khansa ya Esophageal
• Lymphoma pachifuwa
• Zolephera zakubadwa za mtima
• Zotupa, zopindika, kapena zotupa pachifuwa

MRI sagwiritsa ntchito radiation. Pakadali pano, palibe zovuta kuchokera kumaginito ndi mawailesi omwe adanenedwa.

Mtundu wosiyana kwambiri (utoto) womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gadolinium. Ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi zinthu sizichitika kawirikawiri. Komabe, gadolinium itha kuvulaza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso omwe amafunikira dialysis. Ngati muli ndi vuto la impso, uzani omwe amakupatsani chithandizo asanayesedwe.

Mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imapangidwa mu MRI imatha kupangitsa kuti mtima uzikhala wolimba komanso zopangira zina kuti zisagwire ntchito. Zitha kupanganso chitsulo mkati mwathupi kusuntha kapena kusintha.

Pakadali pano, MRI si chida chothandiza powonera kapena kuwunika pang'ono kusintha kwaminyewa yamapapo. Mapapu amakhala ndi mpweya ndipo ndi ovuta kuwafanizira. Kujambula kwa CT kumakhala bwino pakuwunika kusintha kumeneku.

Zoyipa za MRI zikuphatikiza:

• Mtengo wapamwamba
• Kutalika kwa sikani
• Kumverera koyenda

Nyukiliya kumveka kumveka - chifuwa; Kujambula kwama maginito - chifuwa; NMR - chifuwa; MRI ya chifuwa; Thoracic MRI

• Kukonzekera kwa m'mimba kwa aortic aneurysm - kutseguka - kutulutsa

• Kujambula kwa MRI
• Vertebra, thoracic (pakati kumbuyo)
• Ziwalo zamatsenga

Ackman JB. Kujambula kwamatsenga kwamatsenga: njira ndi njira yodziwira matenda. Mu: Shephard J-AO, Mkonzi. TKujambula koopsa: Zofunikira. Wachitatu ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 3.

Gotway MB, Panse PM, Gruden JF, Elicker BM. Thoracic radiology: kujambula kosazindikira. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: mutu 18.