Zojambulajambula

Colonoscopy ndi mayeso omwe amayang'ana mkati mwa colon (matumbo akulu) ndi rectum, pogwiritsa ntchito chida chotchedwa colonoscope.

Colonoscope ili ndi kamera yaying'ono yolumikizidwa ndi chubu chosinthika chomwe chimatha kutalika kutalika kwa colon.

Colonoscopy imachitika nthawi zambiri mchipinda chochezera kuofesi ya dokotala wanu. Zitha kuchitikanso ku dipatimenti yochizira odwala kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala.

• Mudzafunsidwa kuti musinthe zovala zanu za mumsewu ndi kuvala zovala zachipatala pochita izi.
• Mwinanso mupatsidwa mankhwala mu mtsempha (IV) wokuthandizani kupumula. Simuyenera kumva kupweteka. Mutha kukhala ogalamuka poyesedwa ndipo mutha kuyankhula. Mwina simukumbukira chilichonse.
• Mumagona kumanzere ndi mawondo anu mozungulira pachifuwa.
• Kukula kwake kumalowetsedwa modutsa chotulukira. Imasunthidwa mosamala koyambirira kwamatumbo akulu. Kukula kwake kumapita pang'onopang'ono mpaka mbali yotsika kwambiri yamatumbo ang'onoang'ono.
• Mpweya umalowetsedwa kudzera pamalowo kuti upereke mawonekedwe abwino. Suction itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa madzimadzi kapena chopondapo.
• Dokotala amayamba kuona bwino momwe chiwerengerocho chimachotsedwa. Chifukwa chake, kuyerekezera mosamalitsa kumachitika pomwe kuchuluka kukukokedwa.
• Zitsanzo zamatenda (biopsy) kapena ma polyps atha kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zing'onozing'ono zoyikidwapo. Zithunzi zitha kujambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kamera kumapeto kwa gawo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, njira, monga laser therapy, zimachitidwanso.

Matumbo anu amafunika kukhala opanda kanthu komanso oyeretsa mayeso. Vuto m'matumbo anu akulu omwe amafunika kuthandizidwa atha kusowa ngati matumbo anu sanatsukidwe.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakupatsani njira zoyeretsera matumbo anu. Izi zimatchedwa kukonzekera matumbo. Njira zingaphatikizepo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito enemas
• Osadya zakudya zolimba kwa masiku 1 kapena 3 mayeso asanayesedwe
• Kutenga mankhwala otsekemera

Muyenera kumwa zakumwa zambiri zomveka kwa masiku 1 kapena 3 mayeso musanayesedwe. Zitsanzo zamadzimadzi omveka ndi awa:

• Chotsani khofi kapena tiyi
• Bouillon wopanda mafuta kapena msuzi
• Gelatin
• Zakumwa zamasewera popanda mtundu wowonjezera
• Madzi osakaniza zipatso
• Madzi

Mutha kuuzidwa kuti musiye kumwa aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa magazi masiku angapo mayeso asanayesedwe. Pitirizani kumwa mankhwala anu ena pokhapokha ngati dokotala akukuuzani.

Muyenera kusiya kumwa mapiritsi azinyalala kapena zakumwa masiku angapo mayeso asanayesedwe, pokhapokha ngati omwe akukupatsani atakuwuzani kuti zili bwino kupitiriza. Iron imatha kupangitsa chopondapo chanu kukhala chakuda. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti dokotala awone mkati mwa matumbo anu.

Mankhwalawa amakupangitsani kugona kotero kuti musamve kusowa mtendere kapena kukumbukira mayeso.

Mutha kumva kukakamizidwa momwe kukula kumalowa mkati. Mutha kumva kupweteka kwakanthawi komanso kupweteka kwa gasi pomwe mpweya umalowetsedwa kapena kukula kwake kukukulira. Kudutsa mpweya ndikofunikira ndipo tiyenera kuyembekezera.

Pambuyo pa mayeso, mutha kukhala ndi vuto lakumimba m'mimba ndikudutsa mpweya wambiri. Muthanso kumva kutupa ndikudwala m'mimba mwanu. Maganizo awa adzatha posachedwa.

Muyenera kupita kunyumba pafupifupi ola limodzi pambuyo pa mayeso. Muyenera kukonzekera kuti wina adzakutengereni kunyumba mutayesedwa, chifukwa mudzakhala owuma komanso osayendetsa galimoto. Othandizira sangakulolereni kuchoka mpaka wina atabwera kudzakuthandizani.

Mukakhala kunyumba, tsatirani malangizo a kuchira kwa njirayi. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Imwani zakumwa zambiri. Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi kuti mubwezeretse mphamvu zanu.
• Muyenera kubwerera kuntchito zanu tsiku lotsatira.
• Pewani kuyendetsa, kugwiritsa ntchito makina, kumwa mowa, ndikupanga zisankho zofunika kwa maola 24 mutayesedwa.

Colonoscopy itha kuchitidwa pazifukwa izi:

• Kupweteka m'mimba, kusintha kwa matumbo, kapena kuwonda
• Kusintha kosazolowereka (ma polyps) komwe kumapezeka pa sigmoidoscopy kapena x-ray mayeso (CT scan kapena barium enema)
• Kuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa chachitsulo chochepa (nthawi zambiri ngati palibe chifukwa china chapezeka)
• Magazi pogona, kapena akuda, malo obisalira
• Kutsata zomwe zapezedwa m'mbuyomu, monga ma polyps kapena khansa yamatumbo
• Matenda otupa (ulcerative colitis ndi matenda a Crohn)
• Kuwunika kwa khansa yoyipa

Zomwe zimapezeka ndimatenda am'mimba athanzi.

Zotsatira zosayembekezereka zitha kutanthauza izi:

• Zikwama zachilendo pamatumbo, zotchedwa diverticulosis
• Madera akutuluka magazi
• Khansa m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo
• Colitis (matumbo otupa komanso otupa) chifukwa cha matenda a Crohn, ulcerative colitis, matenda, kapena kusowa kwa magazi
• Ziphuphu zing'onozing'ono zotchedwa polyps pakhola lanu (zomwe zimatha kuchotsedwa kudzera pa colonoscope panthawi ya mayeso)

Zowopsa za colonoscopy zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kutaya magazi kwambiri kapena kosalekeza kuchokera ku biopsy kapena kuchotsa ma polyps
• Bowo kapena kung'ambika pakhoma la colon lomwe limafunikira kuchitidwa opaleshoni
• Matenda omwe amafunikira mankhwala opha tizilombo (osowa kwambiri)
• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala omwe mumapatsidwa kuti musangalale, zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi

Khansa ya m'matumbo - colonoscopy; Khansa yoyipa - colonoscopy; Colonoscopy - kuwunika; Colon polyps - colonoscopy; Anam`peza matenda am`matumbo - colonoscopy; Matenda a Crohn - colonoscopy; Diverticulitis - colonoscopy; Kutsekula m'mimba - colonoscopy; Kuchepa magazi - colonoscopy; Magazi pampando - colonoscopy

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Itzkowitz SH, Potack J. Colonic polyps ndi polyposis syndromes. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Fordtran's Mimba ndi Matenda a Chiwindi: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 126.

Wolemba malamulo M, Johnson B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Khansa yoyipa. Mu: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, olemba. Chipatala cha Abeloff's Oncology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 74.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. (Adasankhidwa) Kuwonetsetsa kwa khansa yoyipa: Malangizo kwa asing'anga ndi odwala ochokera ku US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Ndine J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 28555630 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28555630.

Wolf AMD, Fontham ETH, Mpingo TR, et al. Kuwonetsetsa kwa khansa yoyipa kwa achikulire omwe ali pachiwopsezo: Zosintha za 2018 kuchokera ku American Cancer Society. CA Khansa J Clin. 2018; 68 (4): 250-281. PMID: 29846947 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29846947. (Adasankhidwa)