Neutropenia - makanda

Neutropenia ndi nambala yochepa kwambiri yamagazi oyera. Maselowa amatchedwa neutrophils. Amathandiza thupi kulimbana ndi matenda. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza neutropenia mwa akhanda.

Maselo oyera amatuluka m'mafupa. Amamasulidwa m'magazi ndipo amayenda kulikonse komwe angafunike. Kuchuluka kwa ma neutrophil kumachitika pamene mafupa sangathe kuwachotsa mwachangu momwe angafunikire.

Kwa makanda, chifukwa chofala kwambiri ndimatenda. Matenda owopsa kwambiri amatha kupangitsa kuti ma neutrophil azigwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu. Zitha kupewanso kuti mafupa asatulutse ma neutrophil ambiri.

Nthawi zina, khanda lomwe silikudwala limakhala ndi ziwerengero zochepa za neutrophil popanda chifukwa chomveka. Mavuto ena mwa mayi wapakati, monga preeclampsia, amathanso kuyambitsa neutropenia mwa makanda.

Nthawi zambiri, amayi amatha kukhala ndi ma antibodies olimbana ndi ma neutrophil amwana wawo. Ma antibodies amenewa amadutsa m'mimba asanabadwe ndikupangitsa kuti maselo amwana awonongeke (alloimmune neutropenia). Nthawi zina, vuto la mafupa a mwana limatha kubweretsa kuchepa kwama cell oyera.

Kachitsanzo kakang'ono ka magazi a mwana adzatumizidwa ku labotale kuti akawerenge magazi athunthu (CBC) ndikusiyanitsa magazi. CBC imawulula kuchuluka ndi mtundu wamaselo m'magazi. Kusiyanaku kumathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yama cell oyera m'magazi.

Gwero la matenda aliwonse lipezeke ndikuthandizidwa.

Nthaŵi zambiri, neutropenia imachoka yokha pamene mafupa amachira ndikuyamba kupanga maselo oyera okwanira okwanira.

Nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa neutrophil ndikotsika pang'ono kuti chiwopseze moyo, mankhwalawa akhoza kulimbikitsidwa:

• Mankhwala othandiza kupanga maselo oyera
• Ma antibodies ochokera m'magazi operekedwa (intravenous immune globulin)

Maganizo a mwana amadalira chifukwa cha neutropenia. Matenda ena ndi zina mwa ana akhanda zitha kukhala zowopsa. Komabe, matenda ambiri samayambitsa zovuta zina pambuyo poti neutropenia itatha kapena kuchiritsidwa.

Alloimmune neutropenia idzakhalanso bwino ma antibodies a mayi atatuluka m'magazi a mwana.

• Ma Neutrophils

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Koenig JM, Bliss JM, Mariscalco MM. Zovuta komanso zachilendo neutrophil physiology m'mwana wakhanda. Mu: Polin RA, Abman SH, Rowitch DH, Benitz WE, Fox WW, olemba. Physiology ya Fetal ndi Neonatal. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 126.

Letterio J, Ahuja S. Mavuto a Hematologic. Mu: Fanaroff AA, Fanaroff JM, olemba. Klaus ndi Fanaroff's Care of the High-Risk Neonate. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2020: chap 16.