Chithokomiro nodule

Chotupa cha chithokomiro ndikukula (chotupa) mumtundu wa chithokomiro. Chithokomiro chimakhala kutsogolo kwa khosi, pamwambapa pomwe mafupa anu am'miyendo amakumana pakati.

Minyewa ya chithokomiro imayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo am'matumbo a chithokomiro. Kukula kumeneku kungakhale:

• Osati khansa (yabwino), khansa ya chithokomiro (yoyipa), kapena kawirikawiri, khansa zina kapena matenda
• Madzi odzaza (zotupa)
• Mmodzi nodule kapena gulu la tinatake tozungulira ting'onoting'ono
• Kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro (hot nodule) kapena osapanga mahomoni a chithokomiro (ozizira mutu)

Mitundu ya chithokomiro ndi yofala kwambiri. Zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna. Mwayi wamunthu wopeza chotupa cha chithokomiro umakulirakulira.

Ndi ma nodule ochepa okha omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha khansa ya chithokomiro. Nthenda ya chithokomiro imatha kukhala khansa ngati:

• Khalani ndi nodule yolimba
• Khalani ndi nodule yomwe imamangiriridwa kuzinthu zapafupi
• Khalani ndi mbiri yapa khansa ya chithokomiro
• Mwawona kusintha kwamawu anu
• Ali ochepera 20 kapena kupitilira 70
• Khalani ndi mbiri yakuwonetsedwa ndi radiation kumutu kapena m'khosi
• Ndi amuna

Zomwe zimayambitsa mitsempha ya chithokomiro sizipezeka nthawi zonse, koma zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Matenda a Hashimoto (zomwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimachita motsutsana ndi chithokomiro)
• Kupanda ayodini mu zakudya

Mitundu yambiri ya chithokomiro siyimayambitsa zizindikiro.

Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri titha kukanikiza kuzinthu zina m'khosi. Izi zitha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga:

• Chotupa chowoneka (chokulitsa chithokomiro)
• Kuwopsya kapena kusintha mawu
• Ululu m'khosi
• Mavuto kupuma, makamaka mukamagona pansi
• Mavuto akumeza chakudya

Mitsempha yomwe imatulutsa mahomoni a chithokomiro imatha kuyambitsa matenda amtundu wa chithokomiro, kuphatikiza:

• Khungu lotentha, thukuta
• Kutentha kwachangu komanso kupindika
• Kuchuluka chilakolako
• Mantha kapena nkhawa
• Kusakhazikika kapena kugona mokwanira
• Khungu kutuluka kapena kuthamanga
• Kusuntha kwamatumbo pafupipafupi
• Kugwedezeka
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Nthawi yosamba kapena yopepuka

Anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi nodule omwe amapanga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiritso zosamveka bwino, kuphatikiza:

• Kutopa
• Kupindika
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kutaya kukumbukira

Nthata za chithokomiro nthawi zina zimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Hashimoto. Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro za chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito, monga:

• Kudzimbidwa
• Khungu louma
• Kutupa nkhope
• Kutopa
• Kutaya tsitsi
• Kumva kuzizira pomwe anthu ena satero
• Kulemera
• Msambo wosasamba

Nthawi zambiri, ma nodule samatulutsa zisonyezo. Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri amapeza timinofu ta chithokomiro poyesa mayeso amthupi kapena kuyerekezera komwe kumachitika pazifukwa zina. Anthu ochepa ali ndi mitsempha yamtundu wa chithokomiro yomwe ndi yayikulu mokwanira kuti azitha kuwona mutuwo patokha ndikupempha wothandizila kuti awunike khosi lawo.

Ngati wothandizira akupeza nodule kapena muli ndi zizindikiro za nodule, mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitidwa:

• Mulingo wa TSH ndi mayeso ena amwazi wa chithokomiro
• Chithokomiro ultrasound
• Sakanizani chithokomiro (mankhwala a nyukiliya)
• Chida chabwino chokhala ndi singano cha nodule kapena ma nodule angapo (nthawi zina ndimayeso apadera amtundu wa minofu ya nodule)

Wopereka chithandizo wanu angakulimbikitseni kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muchotse chithokomiro chanu chonse kapena gawo lake ngati nodule ndi:

• Chifukwa cha khansa ya chithokomiro
• Zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro monga kumeza kapena kupuma
• Ngati singano yabwino ya singano siyikudziwika, ndipo omwe amakupatsani sangadziwe ngati nodule ndi khansa
• Kupanga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro

Anthu omwe ali ndi mitsempha yomwe imapanga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi radioiodine therapy. Izi zimachepetsa kukula ndi ntchito ya nodule. Amayi apakati kapena amayi omwe akuyamwitsabe sapatsidwa mankhwalawa.

Opaleshoni yonseyi kuchotsa minofu ya chithokomiro komanso mankhwala a ayodini okhudzana ndi radioactive amatha kuyambitsa matenda a hypothyroidism (chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito). Matendawa amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala a chithokomiro m'malo mwake (mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku).

Kwa mitsempha yopanda khansa yomwe siyimayambitsa matenda ndipo sikukula, chithandizo chabwino kwambiri ndi ichi:

• Kutsata mosamala ndikuwunika thupi ndi ultrasound
• Biopsy biopsy idabwereza miyezi 6 mpaka 12 mutazindikira, makamaka ngati nodule yakula

Chithandizo china chotheka ndi jakisoni wa mowa (mowa) mu nodule kuti muchepetse.

Mitundu yamagazi ya chithokomiro yopanda khansa siyowopsa. Ambiri safuna chithandizo. Mayeso otsatirawa ndi okwanira.

Maganizo a khansa ya chithokomiro amadalira mtundu wa khansa. Kwa mitundu yambiri ya khansa ya chithokomiro, malingaliro ake ndiabwino kwambiri mukalandira chithandizo.

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati mukumva kapena kuwona chotupa m'khosi mwanu, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiritso zamankhwala am'magazi.

Ngati mwakhala mukukumana ndi radiation kumaso kapena m'khosi, funsani omwe akukuthandizani. Ulusi wa m'khosi ungachitike pofuna kuyang'ana mitsempha ya chithokomiro.

Chithokomiro chotupa - nodule; Chithokomiro adenoma - nodule; Chithokomiro carcinoma - nodule; Khansa ya chithokomiro - nodule; Chithokomiro incidentaloma; Hot nodule; Ozizira nodule; Thyrotoxicosis - nodule; Hyperthyroidism - nodule

• Chithokomiro kuchotsa - kumaliseche

• Chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro

Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Baibulo KC, et al.Malangizo a 2015 American Thyroid Association kwa odwala achikulire omwe ali ndi zotupa za chithokomiro komanso khansa yapadera ya chithokomiro: Gulu Loyang'anira Gulu la American Thyroid Association Pamagulu a Chithokomiro ndi Khansa Yosiyanasiyana ya Chithokomiro. Chithokomiro. 2016; 26 (1): 1-133. PMID: 26462967 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462967/.

Filetti S, Tuttle M, Leboulleux S, Alexander EK. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe alibe poizoni, matenda a chithokomiro, komanso zotupa za chithokomiro. Mu: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, olemba. Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 14.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Chithokomiro. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 213.