Kuchita opaleshoni ya chithokomiro

Chithokomiro chimakhala patsogolo pakhosi.Chithokomiro chobwereranso kumatanthauza malo osadziwika bwino a chithokomiro chonse kapena gawo la chithokomiro pansi pa chifuwa (sternum).

Chotupa chobwezeretsanso nthawi zonse chimaganiziridwa ndi anthu omwe amatulutsa khosi. Wotupa wobwezeretsa nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zizindikiro kwa zaka. Nthawi zambiri zimadziwika ngati chifuwa cha x-ray kapena CT scan chachitika pachifukwa china. Zizindikiro zilizonse zimakhalapo chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwa nyumba zapafupi, monga windpipe (trachea) ndi chubu chokumeza (esophagus).

Kuchita opaleshoni kuti muchotse khunyu kungalimbikitsidwe, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe zizindikiro.

Pa opaleshoni:

• Mumalandira anesthesia wamba. Izi zimakupangitsani kugona komanso kusamva kupweteka.
• Mumagona kumbuyo kwanu khosi lanu litatambasulidwa pang'ono.
• Dokotalayo amadula (cheka) kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu lakumunsi pamwamba pa mafupa a kolala kuti adziwe ngati unyolo ungachotsedwe osatsegula chifuwa. Nthawi zambiri, opareshoniyo imatha kuchitika motere.
• Ngati misa ili mkatikati mwa chifuwa, dokotalayo amatumbula pakati pa fupa la chifuwa chanu. Chotupa chonsecho chimachotsedwa.
• Phukusi limatha kutsalira kuti lithetse madzi ndi magazi. Nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena awiri.
• Zochitikazo zatsekedwa ndi zokopa (sutures).

Kuchita opareshoni iyi kumachitika kuti athetseretu misa. Ngati sichichotsedwa, imatha kuyika kukakamiza kwanu.

Ngati nthendayi yakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kumeza chakudya, kupweteka pang'ono m'khosi, kapena kupuma movutikira.

Zowopsa za ochititsa dzanzi ndi opaleshoni yonse ndi izi:

• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala, mavuto ampweya
• Kukhetsa magazi, magazi kuundana, matenda

Zowopsa za kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya chithokomiro ndi:

• Kuwonongeka kwa tiziwalo timene timayambitsa matenda a parathyroid (tiziwalo ting'onoting'ono pafupi ndi chithokomiro) kapena magazi awo, zomwe zimapangitsa calcium kukhala yotsika
• Kuwonongeka kwa trachea
• Kuwonongeka kwa kummero
• Kuvulala kwa chingwe

Pakati pa masabata musanachite opaleshoni yanu:

• Mungafunike kuyesedwa komwe kukuwonetsa komwe chithokomiro chanu chili. Izi zidzathandiza dokotalayo kupeza chithokomiro panthawi ya opaleshoni. Mutha kukhala ndi CT scan, ultrasound, kapena mayeso ena azithunzi.
• Mungafunenso mankhwala a chithokomiro kapena mankhwala a ayodini milungu iwiri kapena iwiri musanachite opareshoni.

Uzani wothandizira wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa, ngakhale omwe amagulidwa popanda mankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizapo zitsamba ndi zowonjezera.

Masiku angapo mpaka sabata asanachite opareshoni:

• Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwakanthawi. Izi zimaphatikizapo aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve), clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), pakati pa ena.
• Lembani mankhwala aliwonse a mankhwala opweteka ndi calcium yomwe mudzafunike mutachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Uzani wothandizira wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa, ngakhale omwe amagulidwa popanda mankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizapo zitsamba ndi zowonjezera. Funsani omwe akukupatsirani mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku la opareshoni.
• Ngati mumasuta, yesetsani kusiya. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti akuthandizeni.

Patsiku la opareshoni:

• Tsatirani malangizo okhudza nthawi yosiya kudya ndi kumwa.
• Tengani mankhwala aliwonse omwe wothandizira wanu adakuwuzani kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwafika kuchipatala nthawi yake.

Mungafunike kukhala mchipatala usiku wonse mutachitidwa opaleshoni kuti mutha kuyang'aniridwa ndi magazi, kusintha kwa calcium, kapena kupuma.

Mutha kupita kwanu tsiku lotsatira ngati opaleshoniyi idachitika pakhosi. Chifuwacho chikatsegulidwa, mutha kukhala mchipatala masiku angapo.

Mutha kudzuka ndikuyenda patsiku kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Iyenera kutenga pafupifupi masabata atatu kapena anayi kuti mupezenso bwino.

Mutha kukhala ndi ululu mukatha opaleshoni. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti akupatseni malangizo amomwe mungamwe mankhwala opweteka mukamapita kunyumba.

Tsatirani malangizo aliwonse osamalira nokha mukapita kunyumba.

Zotsatira za opaleshoniyi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amafunika kumwa mapiritsi a chithokomiro (m'malo mwa mahomoni a chithokomiro) kwa moyo wawo wonse pamene gland yonse yachotsedwa.

Substernalthyroid - opaleshoni; Mediastinal goiter - opaleshoni

• Chithokomiro chosatha

Kaplan EL, Angelos P, James BC, Nagar S, Grogan RH. Opaleshoni ya chithokomiro. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 96.

Smith PW, Hanks LR, Salomone LJ, Hanks JB. Chithokomiro. Mu: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 36.