Opaleshoni ya chilonda matenda - mankhwala

Kuchita maopareshoni komwe kumakhudza kudula (khungu) pakhungu kumatha kubweretsa matenda pachilonda pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni. Matenda ambiri opangidwa ndi opaleshoni amapezeka mkati mwa masiku 30 oyambirira atatha opaleshoni.

Matenda a zilonda zopangira opaleshoni amatha kutulutsa mafinya ndipo amatha kukhala ofiira, opweteka kapena otentha kukhudza. Mutha kukhala ndi malungo ndikudwala.

Mabala a opaleshoni amatha kutenga kachilombo ka:

• Majeremusi omwe ali kale pakhungu lanu omwe amafalikira pachilonda cha opaleshoni
• Majeremusi omwe ali mkati mwa thupi lanu kapena kuchokera ku chiwalo chomwe opaleshoniyo inachitidwira
• Majeremusi omwe ali m'malo ozungulira inu monga zida zopangira opaleshoni kapena m'manja mwa omwe amakuthandizani.

Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ka opaleshoni ngati:

• Khalani ndi matenda ashuga osayendetsedwa bwino
• Khalani ndi mavuto ndi chitetezo chanu cha mthupi
• Ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri
• Ndimasuta
• Tengani corticosteroids (mwachitsanzo, prednisone)
• Khalani ndi opaleshoni yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa maola awiri

Pali magawo osiyanasiyana a matenda a zilonda:

• Zachabe - matendawa amapezeka pakhungu lokha
• Zozama - matendawa amapita mozama kuposa khungu muminyewa ndi minyewa
• Thupi / danga - matendawa ndi ozama ndipo amakhudza limba ndi malo omwe mudachitidwapo opaleshoni
  

Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ambiri amabala. Nthawi zina, mungafunenso kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muthe matendawa.

ANTIBIOTICS

Mutha kuyambitsidwa ndi maantibayotiki kuti muchiritse matenda opatsirana a bala. Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe muyenera kumwa maantibayotiki kumasiyana, koma kumakhala pafupifupi sabata limodzi. Mutha kuyambitsidwa ndi maantibayotiki a IV ndikusinthidwa kukhala mapiritsi pambuyo pake. Imwani mankhwala anu onse, ngakhale mutakhala bwino.

Ngati pali ngalande pachilonda chanu, atha kuyesedwa kuti mupeze mankhwala abwino kwambiri. Mabala ena ali ndi kachilombo ka methaphillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) kamene kamagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Matenda a MRSA adzafunika maantibayotiki ena kuti awachiritse.

CHITHANDIZO CHOPANGIRA CHOCHITA

Nthawi zina, dokotalayo amafunika kuchita zinthu zoyeretsa bala. Atha kusamalira izi mwina mchipinda chochezera, kuchipinda kwanu kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Adzachita:

• Tsegulani chilondacho pochotsa chakudyacho kapena sutures
• Yesani mafinya kapena minofu pachilondacho kuti muwone ngati pali kachilombo ndi mtundu wanji wa maantibayotiki omwe angagwire ntchito bwino
• Gawani chilondacho pochotsa minofu yakufa kapena yomwe ili ndi bala pachilondacho
• Muzimutsuka bala ndi madzi amchere (mchere wothira mchere)
• Sulani thumba la mafinya (abscess), ngati mulipo
• Lembani chilondacho ndi mavalidwe okhala ndi mchere wambiri komanso bandeji

KUSAMALIRA MAVALA

Bala lanu la opaleshoni lingafunike kutsukidwa ndipo mavalidwe amasinthidwa pafupipafupi. Mutha kuphunzira kuchita izi inumwini, kapena anamwino angakuchitireni. Mukachita izi nokha, mudza:

• Chotsani bandeji yakale ndikunyamula. Mutha kusamba kuti munyowetse bala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bandejiyo ituluke mosavuta.
• Sambani chilonda.
• Ikani zinthu zatsopano, zoyera bwino ndikumanga bandeji yatsopano.

Kuti muthandize mabala ena opangira opaleshoni, mutha kukhala ndi bala VAC (kutseka kothandizidwa ndi zingwe). Imawonjezera magazi kutuluka pachilondacho ndipo imathandizira kuchiritsa.

• Uku ndikutsika kolakwika (kutulutsa).
• Pali pampu yopumira, chidutswa cha thovu chomwe chimadulidwa kuti chikwaniritse chilondacho, ndi chubu chopumira.
• Chovala chomveka chikujambulidwa pamwamba.
• Zovala ndi thovu limasinthidwa masiku awiri kapena atatu aliwonse.

Zitha kutenga masiku, milungu, kapena miyezi kuti chilondacho chizikhala choyera, chopanda matenda, ndipo pamapeto pake chimachira.

Ngati chilondacho sichimatseka chokha, mungafunike kumangiriza khungu kapena kuchititsa opaleshoni ya minofu kuti mutseke bala. Ngati kansalu kofinya ndikofunikira, dokotalayo angatengeko chidutswa chamatako, paphewa, kapena pachifuwa chapamwamba kuti apoletse chilonda chanu. Ngati mungafune izi, dokotalayo sangachite izi mpaka atachira.

Ngati nthenda ya bala silili yakuya ndipo kutsegula kwa chilondako kuli kochepa, mudzatha kudzisamalira nokha kunyumba.

Ngati matenda a chilonda akuya kapena pali chotupa chachikulu pachilondacho, mungafunike kukhala masiku ochepa kuchipatala. Pambuyo pake, mwina:

• Pitani kunyumba ndikumutsata dokotala wanu. Anamwino amabwera kunyumba kwanu kudzakuthandizani mosamala.
• Pitani kumalo osungirako okalamba.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati chilonda chanu cha opaleshoni chili ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zatenda:

• Mafinya kapena ngalande
• Fungo loipa lomwe limabwera kuchokera pachilondacho
• Malungo, kuzizira
• Kutentha kukhudza
• Kufiira
• Kupweteka kapena kupweteka kukhudza

Infection - opaleshoni bala; Matenda opatsirana opareshoni - SSI

Espinosa JA, Sawyer R. Opatsirana malo opatsirana. Mu: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, olemba., Eds. Chithandizo Chamakono Cha Opaleshoni. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 1337-1344.

Kulaylat MN, Dayton MT. Matenda opangira opaleshoni. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 12.

Weiser MC, Moucha CS. Kupewa matenda opatsirana malo. Mu: Browner BD, Jupiter JB, Krettek C, Anderson PA, olemba. Chifuwa cha Skeletal: Basic Science, Management, ndikumanganso. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 23.