Non-Hodgkin lymphoma mwa ana

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ndi khansa yamagulu am'mimba. Minofu ya mitsempha imapezeka m'matumbo, ndulu, matumbo, mafupa, ndi ziwalo zina za chitetezo cha mthupi. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimatiteteza kumatenda ndi matenda.

Nkhaniyi ikukhudzana ndi NHL mwa ana.

NHL imakonda kuchitika kawirikawiri mwa akuluakulu. Koma ana amapeza mitundu ina ya NHL. NHL imachitika kawirikawiri mwa anyamata. Nthawi zambiri sizimachitika mwa ana ochepera zaka 3.

Zomwe zimayambitsa NHL kwa ana sizidziwika. Koma, kukula kwa ma lymphomas mwa ana kumalumikizidwa ndi:

• Chithandizo cha khansa yam'mbuyomu (chithandizo cha radiation, chemotherapy)
• Chitetezo chofooka chamthupi kuchokera ku chiwalo
• Vuto la Epstein-Barr, kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa mononucleosis
• HIV (kachilombo ka HIV)

Pali mitundu yambiri ya NHL. Gulu limodzi (gulu) ndi momwe khansa imafalikira mwachangu. Khansara ikhoza kukhala yotsika pang'ono (kukula pang'ono), kalasi yapakatikati, kapena masitepe apamwamba (kukula mwachangu).

NHL imagawidwanso ndi:

• Momwe ma cell amawonekera pansi pa microscope
• Ndi mtundu wanji wama cell oyera omwe amachokera
• Kaya pali kusintha kwina kwa DNA m'maselo enieniwo

Zizindikiro zimadalira gawo lomwe thupi limakhudzidwa ndi khansa komanso momwe khansa ikukulira.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Kutupa ma lymph nodes m'khosi, mkatikati, m'mimba, kapena kubuula
• Kutupa kopanda phokoso kapena chotupa m'ndende
• Kutupa kwa mutu, khosi, mikono kapena thupi lakumtunda
• Vuto kumeza
• Kuvuta kupuma
• Kutentha
• Chifuwa chosalekeza
• Kutupa m'mimba
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Kutopa
• Malungo osadziwika

Wothandizira zaumoyo atenga mbiri yazachipatala ya mwana wanu. Wothandizira adzayesa thupi kuti awone ngati pali ma lymph node otupa.

Wothandizirayo akhoza kuyesa mayeso a labu awa pamene NHL ikuwakayikira:

• Mayeso am'magazi am'magazi kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa protein, kuyesa kwa chiwindi, kuyesa kwa impso, ndi uric acid
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• ESR ("sed rate")
• X-ray pachifuwa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa misa mdera lamapapo

Chidziwitso cha lymph node chimatsimikizira kuti NHL yapezeka.

Ngati biopsy ikuwonetsa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi NHL, kuyezetsa kwina kudzachitidwa kuti muwone momwe khansara yafalikira. Izi zimatchedwa staging. Kuyika masitepe kumathandizira kuwongolera chithandizo chamtsogolo ndikutsatira.

• Kujambula kwa CT pachifuwa, pamimba ndi m'chiuno
• Kutupa kwa mafupa
• Kujambula PET

Immunophenotyping ndi mayeso a labotale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ma cell, kutengera mtundu wa ma antigen kapena zolembera zomwe zili pamwamba pa selo. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira mtundu wa lymphoma poyerekeza ma cell a khansa ndi maselo abwinobwino amthupi.

Mungasankhe kukafunsira kuchipatala cha ana cha khansa.

Chithandizo chidzadalira:

• Mtundu wa NHL (pali mitundu yambiri ya NHL)
• Gawo (kumene khansa yafalikira)
• Msinkhu wa mwana wanu komanso thanzi lanu lonse
• Zizindikiro za mwana wanu, kuphatikizapo kuchepa thupi, kutentha thupi, ndi thukuta usiku

Chemotherapy nthawi zambiri ndimankhwala oyamba:

• Mwana wanu angafunikire kukhala kuchipatala poyamba. Koma chithandizo chambiri cha NHL chitha kuperekedwa kuchipatala, ndipo mwana wanu azikhala kunyumba.
• Chemotherapy imaperekedwa makamaka m'mitsempha (IV), koma chemotherapy ina imaperekedwa pakamwa.

Mwana wanu amathanso kulandira chithandizo chama radiation pogwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray amphamvu kwambiri kumadera okhudzidwa ndi khansa.

Mankhwala ena atha kukhala:

• Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena ma antibodies kupha ma cell a khansa.
• Chemotherapy yamphamvu kwambiri imatha kutsatiridwa ndi kuphatika kwa maselo am'magazi (pogwiritsa ntchito maselo amwana anu).
• Kuchita opaleshoni kuti athetse khansa yamtunduwu sikofala, koma kungafunike nthawi zina.

Kukhala ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi khansa ndichimodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri kuchita nazo monga kholo. Kufotokozera tanthauzo la kukhala ndi khansa kwa mwana wanu sikungakhale kophweka. Muyeneranso kuphunzira momwe mungapezere thandizo ndi chithandizo kuti muthe kupirira mosavuta.

Kukhala ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi khansa kumatha kukhala kopanikiza. Kuyanjana ndi gulu lothandizira pomwe makolo ena kapena mabanja amagawana zokumana nazo zofananira kungathandize kuchepetsa nkhawa.

• Khansa ya m'magazi ndi Lymphoma Society - www.lls.org
• Bungwe la National Children's Cancer Society - www.thenccs.org/how-we-help/

Mitundu yambiri ya NHL imachiritsidwa. Ngakhale magawo omaliza a NHL amachiritsidwa mwa ana.

Mwana wanu amafunika kuyesedwa nthawi zonse ndi kuyerekezera kwa zaka zambiri atalandira chithandizo kuti awonetsetse kuti chotupacho sichidzabweranso.

Ngakhale chotupacho chibwerera, pali mwayi wambiri wochiritsidwa.

Kutsata komwe kumachitika pafupipafupi kumathandizanso gulu lazachipatala kuti liwone ngati ali ndi khansa yomwe ingabwerere komanso ngati angalandire chithandizo chotalika.

Chithandizo cha NHL chitha kukhala ndi zovuta. Zotsatira zoyipa za chemotherapy kapena radiation radiation zitha kuwoneka miyezi kapena zaka mutalandira chithandizo. Izi zimatchedwa "zotsatira zakuchedwa." Ndikofunika kulankhula za zotsatira zamankhwala ndi gulu lanu lazachipatala. Zomwe mungayembekezere potengera zovuta mochedwa zimadalira mankhwala omwe mwana wanu amalandila. Zovuta zakuchedwa ziyenera kukhala zowunika pakufunika kochiza khansa.

Itanani wothandizira mwana wanu ngati mwana wanu watupa ma lymph node ndi malungo osadziwika omwe samatha kapena ali ndi zizindikiro zina za NHL.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi NHL, itanani wothandizirayo ngati mwana wanu ali ndi malungo kapena matenda ena.

Lymphoma - osakhala Hodgkin - ana; Lymphoblastic lymphoma - ana; Burkitt lymphoma - ana; Maselo akuluakulu am'mimba - ana, Khansa - osakhala Hodgkin lymphoma - ana; Kufalitsa lalikulu B-cell lymphoma - ana; Okhwima B cell lymphoma - ana; Anaplastic lalikulu cell lymphoma

Tsamba la American Cancer Society. Kodi Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ndi chiyani mwa ana? www.cancer.org/cancer/childhood-non-hodgkin-lymphoma/about/non-hodgkin-lymphomain-children.html. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 1, 2017. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 7, 2020.

Hochberg J, Goldman SC, Cairo MS. Lymphoma. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 523.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo chaubwana chosakhala Hodgkin lymphoma chithandizo (PDQ) - mtundu wazachipatala. www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/child-nhl-kuchiza-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa February 12, 2021. Idapezeka pa February 23, 2021.