Mankhwala ochepetsa mawere a mawere - mtengo wakunja

Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mawere amagwiritsira ntchito ma x-ray opatsa mphamvu kwambiri kupha ma cell a khansa ya m'mawere. Amatchedwanso ma radiation oyenda pang'ono (APBI).

Njira yovomerezeka yothandizira mabere akunja imatenga milungu itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi. APBI itha kukwaniritsidwa pakadutsa milungu iwiri kapena iwiri. APBI imayang'ana kuchuluka kwa radiation kokha kapena pafupi ndi dera lomwe chotupa cha m'mawere chidachotsedwa. Zimapewa kuwonetsa minofu yoyandikana nayo ndi radiation.

Pali njira zitatu zodziwika bwino za APBI:

• Mtengo wakunja, mutu wankhaniyi
• Brachytherapy (kuyika magwero amagetsi mu bere)
• Kuchepetsa ma radiation (kupereka ma radiation panthawi yochita opaleshoni m'chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito)

Chithandizo cha ma radiation nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa kuchipatala, kupatula mankhwala opatsirana a radiation.

Njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira mawere akunja a ma radiation:

• Mitengo itatu yoyenda yolumikizira kunja (3DCRT)
• Mphamvu ya radiation-modulated radiation (IMRT)

Musanalandire chithandizo chama radiation, mudzakumana ndi oncologist wa radiation. Munthuyu ndi dokotala yemwe amadziwika bwino ndi mankhwala a radiation.

• Adotolo adzaika mabala ang'ono pakhungu lanu. Zizindikirozi zimatsimikizira kuti mumakhala okhazikika panthawi yamankhwala anu.
• Zizindikirozi zitha kukhala zolemba za inki kapena tattoo yokhazikika. Osasamba inki mpaka mankhwala anu atamalizidwa. Zidzatha pakapita nthawi.

Mankhwalawa amapatsidwa masiku 5 pa sabata kulikonse kuyambira milungu iwiri kapena isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi zina imapatsidwa kawiri patsiku (nthawi zambiri ndi maola 4 mpaka 6 pakati pa magawo).

• Mukamalandira chithandizo chilichonse mumagona patebulo lapadera, mwina kumbuyo kwanu kapena m'mimba.
• Akatswiri amakukhazikitsani kotero kuti ma radiation azilunjika m'deralo.
• Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musunge mpweya wanu pomwe radiation ikuperekedwa. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa radiation yomwe mtima wanu umalandira.
• Nthawi zambiri, mudzalandira chithandizo chama radiation kwa mphindi pakati pa 1 ndi 5. Mudzakhala ndikutuluka pakati pa khansa mkati mwa 15 mpaka 20 mphindi pafupifupi.

Dziwani kuti simuli okonzeka ndi ma radiation pambuyo pa mankhwalawa. Ndibwino kukhala pafupi ndi ena, kuphatikiza makanda ndi ana.

Akatswiri adamva kuti khansa zina zimatha kubwerera pafupi ndi malo opangira opaleshoni. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina, bere lonse silingafunikire kulandira radiation. Kuwunikira pang'ono m'mawere kumangogwira mawere ena koma osati mawere onse, kuyang'ana komwe khansa imatha kubwerera.

Kuwonjezeka kwapadera kwa mawere kumeneku kumathamangitsa ntchitoyi.

APBI imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza khansa ya m'mawere kuti isabwerere. Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa akaperekedwa pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni yoyamwitsa, amatchedwa adjuvant (zowonjezera) mankhwala othandizira poizoni.

APBI itha kuperekedwa pambuyo pa lumpectomy kapena pang'ono mastectomy (yotchedwa opaleshoni yosunga bere) ya:

• Ductal carcinoma mu situ (DCIS)
• Khansa ya m'mawere Gawo I kapena II

Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mankhwala omwe mukumwa.

Valani zovala zomasuka polowera kuchipatala.

Mankhwalawa amatha kuwononga kapena kupha maselo athanzi. Imfa yamaselo athanzi imatha kubweretsa zovuta. Zotsatirazi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa radiation komanso kuti mumalandira kangati mankhwalawa. Poizoniyu imatha kukhala ndi zoyipa zazifupi (zovuta) kapena zazitali (pambuyo pake).

Zotsatira zakanthawi kochepa zimatha kuyamba mkati mwa masiku kapena milungu ingapo mankhwala atayamba. Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zamtunduwu zimatha pakadutsa milungu 4 mpaka 6 mankhwala atatha. Zotsatira zofala kwakanthawi kochepa ndizo:

• Kufiira kwa m'mawere, kukoma mtima, kuzindikira
• Kutupa kwa m'mawere kapena edema
• Matenda a m'mawere (osowa)

Zotsatira zoyipa zazitali zimatha kuyamba miyezi kapena zaka mutalandira chithandizo ndipo zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuchepetsa kukula kwa mawere
• Kuchuluka kulimba kwa bere
• Kufiira kwa khungu ndi kusintha
• Nthawi zambiri, kuthyoka kwa nthiti, mavuto amtima (makamaka ma radiation amanzere), kapena kutupa kwamapapo (kotchedwa pneumonitis) kapena minofu yolira yomwe imakhudza kupuma
• Kukula kwa khansa yachiwiri m'mawere kapena pachifuwa zaka kapena makumi angapo pambuyo pake
• Kutupa kwa mkono (edema) - kofala kwambiri ngati ma lymph node adachotsedwa opaleshoni ndipo ngati m'khwapa mwanu mwathandizidwa ndi radiation

Omwe amakupatsani mwayi adzafotokozera chisamaliro kunyumba mukamalandira chithandizo cha radiation.

Kuchepetsa ma radiation pang'ono pambuyo pothandizira kuteteza mawere kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa kubwerera, ndipo mwina kufa ndi khansa ya m'mawere.

Carcinoma ya m'mawere - tsankho radiation mankhwala; Tsankho kunja mtengo cheza - bere; Thandizo la ma radiation mwamphamvu - khansa ya m'mawere; IMRT - khansa ya m'mawere WBRT; Adjuvant pang'ono mawere - IMRT; APBI - IMRT; Kuthamangitsidwa kwapadera kwa mawere - IMRT; Ma radiation olumikizana akunja - bere

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere (wamkulu) (PDQ) - mtundu wa akatswiri azaumoyo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/chithandizo-chifupa-pdq. Idasinthidwa pa February 11, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 11, 2021.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Thandizo la radiation ndi inu: chithandizo cha anthu omwe ali ndi khansa. www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/radiationttherapy.pdf. Idasinthidwa mu Okutobala 2016. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 5, 2020.

Shah C, Harris EE, Holmes D, Vicini FA. Kutsekemera kwa m'mawere pang'ono: kufulumizitsa komanso kusagwira ntchito. Mu: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, olemba. Chifuwa: Kusamalira kwathunthu kwa matenda a Benign ndi Malignant. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 51.