Thandizo la radioiodine

Mankhwala a radioiodine amagwiritsa ntchito ayodini ya radioactive kuti ichepetse kapena kupha maselo a chithokomiro. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ena a chithokomiro.

Chithokomiro ndimtundu wokhala ndi gulugufe womwe uli kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu lakumunsi. Zimapanga mahomoni omwe amathandiza thupi lanu kuwongolera kagayidwe kake ka thupi.

Chithokomiro chanu chimafunikira ayodini kuti agwire bwino ntchito. Iodini imachokera ku chakudya chomwe mumadya. Palibe ziwalo zina zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kapena kuyamwa ayodini wambiri m'magazi anu. Ayodini wochuluka mthupi lanu amatulutsidwa mkodzo.

Radioiodine imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a chithokomiro. Amapatsidwa ndi madokotala odziwa za mankhwala a nyukiliya. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa radioiodine, mwina simuyenera kukhala mchipatala kuti muchite izi, koma pitani kunyumba tsiku lomwelo. Kuti muwonjezere mlingo, muyenera kukhala mchipinda chapadera mchipatala ndikuwunika mkodzo wanu kuti ayodini woyamwa atulutsidwe.

• Mudzameza ma radioiodine ngati ma capsule (mapiritsi) kapena madzi.
• Chithokomiro chanu chimatha kuyamwa ayodini wambiri.
• Gulu lazamankhwala la nyukiliya limatha kupanga sikani mukamamwa mankhwala kuti muwone komwe ayodini wayamwa.
• Kuchepetsa kwa radiation kumapha chithokomiro ndipo, ngati chithandizo chake ndi khansa ya chithokomiro, maselo aliwonse a khansa ya chithokomiro omwe mwina amayenda ndikukhazikika m'ziwalo zina.

Maselo ena ambiri alibe chidwi chotsatira ayodini, motero mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Mlingo wokwera kwambiri nthawi zina umatha kuchepa malovu (kulavulira) kapena kuvulaza kholingo kapena mafupa.

Mankhwala a radioiodine amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza hyperthyroidism ndi khansa ya chithokomiro.

Hyperthyroidism imachitika pamene chithokomiro chanu chimapanga mahomoni owonjezera a chithokomiro. Radioiodine imathandizira vutoli popha ma cell a chithokomiro ochulukirapo kapena pochepetsa chithokomiro chokulirapo. Izi zimalepheretsa chithokomiro kutulutsa mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro.

Gulu lazamankhwala la nyukiliya liyesa kuwerengera mlingo womwe umakusiyirani ndi chithokomiro. Koma, kuwerengetsa kumeneku sikokwanira nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zake, chithandizochi chitha kubweretsa ku hypothyroidism, yomwe imayenera kuthandizidwa ndikuwonjezera mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Mankhwala othandizira ayodini amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza khansa ina ya chithokomiro pambuyo poti opareshoni yachotsa kale khansa komanso chithokomiro chambiri. Iodine ya radioactive imapha ma cell aliwonse a khansa ya chithokomiro omwe atsala pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Mutha kulandira mankhwalawa milungu itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi mutachitidwa opaleshoni kuti muchotse chithokomiro chanu. Ikhozanso kupha ma cell a khansa omwe atha kufalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Akatswiri ambiri a chithokomiro tsopano akukhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya chithokomiro chifukwa tsopano tikudziwa kuti anthu ena ali ndi chiopsezo chotsika kwambiri cha khansa. Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za kuwopsa ndi zabwino za mankhwalawa kwa inu.

Kuopsa kwa mankhwala a radioiodine ndi awa:

• Kuchuluka kwa umuna komanso kusabereka kwa amuna mpaka zaka 2 mutalandira chithandizo (kawirikawiri)
• Nthawi zosadziwika mwa akazi mpaka chaka chimodzi (zosowa)
• Mahomoni a chithokomiro otsika kwambiri kapena osowa omwe amafunikira mankhwala osinthira mahomoni (wamba)

Zotsatira zosakhalitsa ndizo:

• Kukonda khosi ndi kutupa
• Kutupa kwamatenda amatevu (glands pansi ndi kumbuyo kwakamwa komwe malovu amapangidwira)
• Pakamwa pouma
• Matenda a m'mimba
• Lawani zosintha
• Maso owuma

Azimayi sayenera kukhala ndi pakati kapena akuyamwitsa panthawi yothandizira, ndipo sayenera kutenga pakati pa miyezi 6 mpaka 12 kutsatira chithandizo. Amuna ayenera kupewa kutenga pakati kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atalandira chithandizo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Manda amakhalanso ndi chiopsezo chowonjezera hyperthyroidism pambuyo pa mankhwala a radioiodine. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeka pafupifupi masiku 10 mpaka 14 mutalandira chithandizo. Zizindikiro zambiri zimatha kuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala otchedwa beta blockers. Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu a ayodini amatha kuyambitsa matenda amtundu wa hyperthyroidism otchedwa chimphepo chamkuntho.

Mutha kuyesedwa kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro musanalandire chithandizo.

Mutha kufunsidwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala amtundu wa chithokomiro musanachitike.

Mudzafunsidwa kuti musiye mankhwala alionse opondereza chithokomiro (propylthiouracil, methimazole) pafupifupi sabata imodzi isanachitike (yofunika kwambiri kapena mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito).

Mutha kuyikidwa pachakudya chochepa cha ayodini kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu isanachitike. Muyenera kupewa:

• Zakudya zomwe zili ndi ayodini
• Zogulitsa mkaka, mazira
• Zakudya zam'madzi ndi zam'madzi
• Soya kapena zopangidwa ndi soya
• Zakudya zofiira ndi utoto wofiira

Mutha kulandira jakisoni wa timadzi tokometsera chithokomiro kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa ayodini ndimaselo a chithokomiro.

Njira isanachitike mukapatsidwa khansa ya chithokomiro:

• Mutha kusanthula thupi kuti muwone ngati pali maselo a khansa omwe atsala pang'ono kuwonongeka. Wopereka wanu amakupatsani mankhwala ochepa a radioiodine kuti mumumeze.
• Mutha kulandira mankhwala kuti muchepetse kunyoza komanso kusanza munthawi imeneyi.

Kutafuna chingamu kapena kuyamwa maswiti olimba kumatha kuthandizira pakamwa pouma. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu angakuuzeni kuti musamavale magalasi kwa masiku kapena masabata pambuyo pake.

Mutha kuyezetsa thupi kuti muwone ngati pali maselo ena aliwonse a khansa ya chithokomiro mutalandira mankhwala a radioiodine.

Thupi lanu lidzadutsa ayodini yowonongeka mu mkodzo ndi malovu.

Pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa ena mutalandira chithandizo, omwe akukupatsani adzakufunsani kuti mupewe zochitika zina. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti mupewe kuchita izi nthawi yayitali - nthawi zina, zimadalira mulingo womwe wapatsidwa.

Kwa masiku atatu mutalandira chithandizo, muyenera:

• Chepetsani nthawi yanu m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri
• Osayenda pa ndege kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu (mutha kuyimitsa makina ozindikira ma radiation m'mabwalo a ndege kapena kuwoloka malire kwa masiku angapo mutalandira chithandizo)
• Imwani madzi ambiri
• Osakonzera ena chakudya
• Osagawana ziwiya ndi ena
• Khalani pansi mukakodza ndikutsuka chimbudzi kawiri kapena katatu mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito

Kwa masiku pafupifupi 5 kapena kupitilirapo mutalandira chithandizo, muyenera:

• Khalani osachepera 6 mita kutali ndi ana ang'ono ndi amayi apakati
• Osabwerera kuntchito
• Kugona pabedi losiyana ndi mnzanu (mpaka masiku 11)

Muyeneranso kugona pabedi lina kuchokera kwa mnzanu wapakati komanso kuchokera kwa ana kapena makanda masiku 6 mpaka 23, kutengera mtundu wa radioiodine woperekedwa.

Muyenera kuti mukayezetse magazi miyezi 6 kapena 12 iliyonse kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Mwinanso mungafunike mayesero ena otsatira.

Ngati chithokomiro chanu chayamba kugwira ntchito mutalandira chithandizo, anthu ambiri amafunika kumwa mapiritsi a chithokomiro kwa moyo wawo wonse. Izi zimalowetsa mahomoni omwe chithokomiro chimapanga.

Zotsatira zake zoyipa zimakhala zazifupi ndipo zimapita pakapita nthawi. Mlingo waukulu umakhala pachiwopsezo chazovuta zakanthawi yayitali kuphatikiza kuwonongeka kwamatenda amate ndi chiopsezo chovulaza.

Mankhwala a radioactive ayodini; Hyperthyroidism - wailesi; Khansa ya chithokomiro - radioiodine; Papillary carcinoma - wailesi; Follicular carcinoma - wailesi; Chithandizo cha I-131

Mettler FA, Guiberteau MJ. Chithokomiro, parathyroid, ndi malovu opatsirana. Mu: Mettler FA, Guiberteau MJ, olemba., Eds. Zofunikira pa Nuclear Medicine ndi Imaging Imaging. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 4.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa ya chithokomiro (wamkulu) (PDQ) - Matenda aukadaulo. www.cancer.gov/types/thyroid/hp/thyroid-treatment-pdq#link/_920. Idasinthidwa pa February 22, 2021. Idapezeka pa Marichi 11, 2021.

Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, ndi ena. Malangizo a 2016 American Thyroid Association othandizira kudziwa ndi kuwongolera hyperthyroidism ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a thyrotoxicosis. Chithokomiro. 2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. PMID: 27521067 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27521067/.