Njira 5 Zoletsa Kubereka Zingalephereke

Zamkati

• Mavuto a mapiritsi
• Mavuto a Kondomu
• Mavuto a Tubal Ligation
• Yolera yotseketsa Snafus
• Masamba a IUD
• Onaninso za

Mwinamwake mwakhala mukumwa mapiritsi kuyambira muli ndi zaka 16. Kapena mwina ndinu munthu amene amasunga kondomu nthawi zonse m'thumba lanu-ngati zingachitike. Mulimonse momwe mungasankhire njira zakulera, muli ndi chidaliro kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zikutanthauza kuti simumasewera mwana wakhanda posachedwa. Ndipo, pamlingo winawake, muyenera kupuma mosavuta: Njira zakulera zamasiku ano ndizothandiza kwambiri. Koma palibe chomwe chimagwira 100 peresenti ya nthawiyo, ndipo slipups zimachitika kawirikawiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Malinga ndi Guttmacher Institute, kuchuluka kwa 49 peresenti ya mimba zonse ku United States ndizosachita-ndipo sikuti aliyense amene adzipeza mosayembekezereka akugwedezeka kudzera m'magulu azakugonana. M'malo mwake, theka la azimayi onse omwe amatenga mimba mwangozi anali kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera.

Ndiye chikuvuta ndi chiyani? Zambiri zimadza pazolakwika za ogwiritsa ntchito, monga kunyalanyaza kumwa zakulera tsiku lililonse. "Moyo ndi wotanganidwa komanso wovuta kwa anthu ambiri, ndipo nthawi zina kuganizira za chinthu chimodzi kumakhala kochulukira," akutero Katharine O'Connell White, M.D., wamkulu wagawo lazambiri zamatenda achikazi ku Baystate Medical Center ku Springfield, MA.

Zachidziwikire, kusamalira chowonjezerapo chosayembekezereka kubanja lanu sikophweka ngakhalenso. Izi ndi zomwe zidasokonekera kwa owerenga asanu, kuphatikiza njira zowongolera.

Mavuto a mapiritsi

Sarah Kehoe

Jennifer Mathewson anali wapolisi mu Air Force pomwe adayamba matenda amkodzo. Dokotala wake adamuyika mankhwala opha maantibayotiki koma sanatchulepo kuti angasokoneze njira yolerera yakumwa yomwe amamwa. Tsiku lina, ataimirira ndikuyang'anitsitsa ndipo akumvetsera kwa sajini akupereka zomwe zanenedwa tsikulo, adakomoka. Ngakhale kuti mutu wopepuka ndi chizindikiro chofala cha mimba, sankadziwa kuti amayembekezera mpaka anakafika kuchipatala ndi kukayezetsa magazi. "Ndinali wosakwatiwa ndipo ndinali ndi zaka 19 zokha, motero ndinali wamantha," akutero Mathewson, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka 32 ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati mtolankhani ku Idaho. "Koma ndinkafuna kukhala ndi mwanayo, ndipo ndikuthokoza kuti ndinatero."

Kodi Amakhala Ndi Mavuto Otani?

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, mapiritsi ophatikizidwa (omwe ali ndi estrogen ndi progesterone) ndi progestin-only minipill ndi 99,7% yothandiza. Koma chiwerengerocho chatsikira ku 91% ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "ntchito wamba" - kutanthauza momwe amayi ambiri amawatengera. Andrew M. Kaunitz, MD, wachiwiri kwa wapampando wothandizira Obeleketsa ndi matenda achikazi ku University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville.

Dzitetezeni

1. Nthawi yake. Kupopera mapiritsi nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse ndi kwanzeru, ndipo ndikofunikira ngati mukumwa progestin-mini mini (mahomoni omwe amangogwira ntchito kwa maola 24 okha). Ngati mumakonda kuiwala, yambitsani foni yanu kuti ikuyimbireni, yesani pulogalamu ngati Chikumbutso cha Mankhwala a Drugs.com ($1; itunes.com), kapena khalani ndi chizolowezi chomwa chakudya cham'mawa. Kodi mukuvutikabe kuti mukhalebe pa nthawi yake? Ganizirani zosinthira kukhala chigamba kapena mphete yogwira ntchito, yomwe muyenera kuyisintha sabata iliyonse kapena mwezi uliwonse.

2. Lingalirani zamankhwala anu. Nthawi zonse mukadzaza mankhwala a mankhwala atsopano, werengani zomwe zalembedwazo kapena funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala ngati angawononge piritsi. Chifukwa chakuti njira zakulera zam'thupi zimapukusidwa kudzera m'chiwindi, mankhwala ena omwe amapangidwa mwanjira yomweyo - kuphatikiza maantibayotiki, anti-fungal, ndi mankhwala olimbana ndi kugwidwa-atha kuwasokoneza, akufotokoza a Sarah Prager, MD, pulofesa wothandizirana ndi azamayi. ku University of Washington School of Medicine. Mukakayikira, gwiritsani ntchito makondomu. Kutetezedwa kowonjezereka kumafunikanso ngati muli ndi vuto la m'mimba ndikusanza mkati mwa maola awiri kapena atatu mutamwa mapiritsi anu (mukhulupirire kapena ayi, ndiye kuti mlingo wophonya).

Mavuto a Kondomu

Sarah Kehoe

M'chilimwe chatha, Lia Lam anali kugonana ndi chibwenzi chatsopano pamene adamva kuti kondomu yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito yathyoka. "Koma ndimaganiza kuti ndimangokhala wopenga ndipo sindinanene chilichonse," akutero Lam, wazaka 31, wojambula ku Vancouver, Canada. Atamaliza, adatulutsa ndipo malingaliro ake adatsimikizika: Theka la pansi la kondomu likadali mkati mwake. Poyang'ana m'mbuyo, Lam akuganiza kuti zomwe zidachitikazi zidachitika chifukwa anali wowuma kwambiri panthawiyi. "Sitinachite mantha, koma tinangokhala pachibwenzi mwezi ndi theka ndipo sitinali okonzeka kukhala makolo," akutero. Chifukwa chake adapita kumalo osungiramo mankhwala kukagula kulera kwadzidzidzi (piritsi la "morning-after"), lomwe limalepheretsa kutenga pakati pochedwetsa kutulutsa kapena kuletsa dzira lokhala ndi umuna kuti lisalowe m'chiberekero.

Kodi Amakhala Ndi Mavuto Otani?

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito ndendende monga momwe amafunira, makondomu achimuna (omwe ndiofala kwambiri) amakhala ndi 98% ogwira; pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse, chiwerengerocho chimatsika kufika pa 82 peresenti. (Mitundu ina, monga yopangidwa kuchokera ku chikopa cha nkhosa ndi polyurethane, ingakhale yocheperapo, koma ndi njira zabwino ngati inu kapena mnyamata wanu sakugwirizana ndi latex.) Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe makondomu amalephera: Anthu amawagwiritsa ntchito mosagwirizana kapena kuwavala mochedwa kwambiri, kapena amasweka panthawi yogonana.

Dzitetezeni Nokha

1. Onetsetsani luso lake. Mnyamata wanu ayenera kuvala kondomu kumaliseche kwake asanafike kulikonse pafupi ndi dera lanu loberekera. Ayenera kutsina kondomu, ayigudule pang'onopang'ono kuti mpweya wonse utuluke ndipo pali malo oti atolere umuna, ndikuwuchotsa ukangomuthira (akadali wovuta). Kuigwira m'munsi mwa mbolo ikachotsedwa kumathandiza kupewa kutuluka.

2. Lube mmwamba. Monga Lam adaphunzira, kukangana kwakukulu kungayambitse kondomu kung'ambika. Sankhani mafuta othira madzi kapena silicone. Ayi ndithu: kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena mafuta opangira mafuta, zomwe zingasokoneze kukhulupirika kwa latex.

3. Onani masiku amene ntchito zidzawonongeke. Makondomu amakhala ndi alumali, omwe sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Ndipo ngati mphira ukuwoneka wouma kapena wouma pamene wachotsedwa mu phukusi, aponyeni.

4. Khalani ndi dongosolo losunga zobwezeretsera. Ngati kondomu ikulephera, tsatirani chitsogozo cha Lam ndikugula njira zolerera mwadzidzidzi. Pali mitundu itatu: ella, Next Choice One Dose, ndi Plan B. Aliyense wazaka 15 kapena kupitilira apo akhoza kugula izi popanda mankhwala, ngakhale muyenera kufunsa wamankhwala chifukwa amakhala kumbuyo kwa kauntala. Muli ndi masiku asanu kuti mutenge ella; zina ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa maola 72.

Mavuto a Tubal Ligation

Sarah Kehoe

Crystal Consylman atabala mwana wake wachitatu ali ndi zaka 21, anaganiza zokhala ndi tubal ligation (yotchedwanso kumanga machubu ake), njira ya opaleshoni imene machubu a mazira amadulidwa kapena kutsekeka kuti atetezeretu mimba. Patapita zaka 7, mu 2006, anadabwa kumva kuti ali ndi pakati. Unali mimba ya ectopic, kutanthauza kuti kamwana kamene kanalowetsedwa kunja kwa chiberekero ndipo sikankakhoza kugwira ntchito. "Ndinataya magazi kwambiri mkati ndipo ndinatsala pang'ono kufa," akukumbukira a Consylman, omwe pano ali ndi zaka 35, omwe amagwira ntchito pakampani yamalamulo ku Lancaster, PA. Atathamangira naye kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi, adaganiza kuti dokotalayo adakonza zotchinga-koma sizinali choncho. Atakhala ndi pakati pachiwiri patatha miyezi 18, machubu ake amachotsedwa kwathunthu.

Kodi Zovuta N'zotani?

Kutseketsa kwa akazi ndi 99.5 peresenti, koma malekezero a machubu nthawi zina amapeza njira yobwerera limodzi. Nthawi zambiri mukatenga mimba pambuyo pake, pamakhala mwayi wa 33 peresenti wokhala ndi ectopic chifukwa dzira lokhala ndi umuna limatha kugwidwa pamalo owonongeka.

Dzitetezeni

1. Sankhani dokotala wanu mosamala. Yang'anani dokotala wodziwika bwino wa gynecologist yemwe adachitapo njirayi kangapo.

2. Tsatirani njira za post-op. Kukhala ndi machubu anu omangirira kuyenera kupangitsa kuti mukhale osabereka nthawi yomweyo, koma dokotala wanu angafune kuti mubwere kudzatsatira masabata angapo pambuyo pake kuti muwone ngati mukuchira bwino. Ndipo ngati mutasankha njira ina yolumikizira tubal ligation-monga Essure, njira yatsopano momwe machubu ang'onoang'ono amaikidwa m'machubu a fallopian kuti atseke - mudzafunika X-ray yapadera pakadutsa miyezi itatu kutsimikizira kuti machubu atsekedwa. Pakadali pano, mufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera zosunga zobwezeretsera.

Yolera yotseketsa Snafus

Sarah Kehoe

Atakhala ndi ana awiri, Lisa Cooper ndi mwamuna wake anaganiza kuti banja lawo latha, choncho anachitidwa opaleshoni yochotsa mimba. Koma patadutsa zaka zisanu, mayi wabizinesi wa Shreveport, LA-based adayamba kunenepa popanda chifukwa chilichonse ndikuwona popanda nthawi yonse. Chifukwa anali ndi zaka 37, adaziyika mpaka kufika kumapeto. "Pofika nthawi yomwe ndinayesa mimba ndikupita kwa dokotala, ndinali ndi masabata 19," akutero Cooper, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka 44. opaleshoni idachita bwino. Atalandira ana awo achitatu ndi wachinayi, amuna a Cooper adapita kukalandira vasectomy yachiwiri - ndipo nthawi ino adakumana ndi dokotala pambuyo pake.

Kodi Zovuta Ndi Zotani?

Vasectomy ndi yothandiza 99.9 peresenti, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale njira yodalirika kwambiri yolerera. Koma ngakhale pano, zolakwika za anthu zimatha kuchitika. Pochita izi, ma vas deferens, chubu chomwe chimanyamula umuna kupita nawo kukachimbudzi, chimadulidwa kapena kumangirizidwa, akufotokoza a Philip Darney, MD, pulofesa wa azamba, azachipatala, ndi sayansi yobereka ku University of California, San Francisco. Koma ngati chojambulacho chapangidwa pamalo olakwika, sichigwira ntchito. Vuto lina lomwe lingachitike: "Mapeto omwe adadulidwa amatha kukula limodzi ngati sanafalikire kutali."

Dzitetezeni

1. Sankhani dokotala wolimba. Monga momwe zilili ndi tubal ligation, sankhani wothandizira yemwe ali ndi certification ya board ndipo ali ndi njira zambiri zomwe zili pansi pa lamba wake. Dokotala wanu wamkulu akhoza kupereka malingaliro angapo. Ndipo ndikwanzeru nthawi zonse kuyang'ana kwa dokotala; bolodi lanu la zilolezo ku boma lanu limatha kupereka chidziwitso chokhudza masuti ena osavomerezeka.

2. Dikirani chizindikiro chodziwikiratu. Nkhani ya Cooper ikuwonetsa kufunikira koti mnzanu apeze kafukufuku wamwamuna patatha miyezi itatu; ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti ndi wosabala. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, gwiritsani ntchito njira ina yolerera.

Masamba a IUD

Zithunzi za Getty

Mu 2005, Kristen Brown adaganiza zopeza IUD (intrauterine device) chifukwa adamva kuti ndiyopanda tanthauzo. Iye ndi mwamuna wake anali kale ndi ana atatu ndipo sanali okonzekera ena. Patatha zaka ziwiri, Brown adayamba kumva kuwawa kwambiri m'chiuno ndikutuluka magazi kwambiri. Chifukwa chodandaula kuti atha kukhala ndi fibroids kapena endometriosis, adapita kukamuwona ob-gyn, yemwe adamuwuza kuti ali ndi pakati. Chifukwa cha kukha mwazi, anagonekedwa pabedi, koma patatha mwezi umodzi anatuluka padera. "Zochitikazo zinali zopweteka kwambiri m'maganizo ndi m'thupi, ndipo ndinataya magazi ochuluka kwambiri moti ndinatsala pang'ono kuikidwa magazi," akukumbukira Brown, yemwe tsopano ali ndi zaka 42 komanso wolemba ku Jacksonville, FL. Madokotala sanazindikire chomwe chinalakwika ndi IUD, koma mwina idachoka pomwe idayamba. Brown anati: “Mavutowa anathetsa chinyengo changa cha chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya kulera.

Kodi Amakhala Bwanji?

IUD, kachipangizo kocheperako ka "T" kamene kamalowetsedwa m'chiberekero koteteza kuti umuna usatenge dzira, ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa 99% ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Ngakhale kuti ma IUD amalephera kwenikweni, chifukwa chomwe ma IUD amalephera ndichifukwa amasunthira khomo pachibelekeropo. IUD amathanso kuchotsedwa mchiberekero, mwina osazindikira. (Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuipukuta mchimbudzi.) Kukhala ndi polyps, fibroids, kapena matumbo olimba a chiberekero (omwe amachititsa kusamba koyipa) kumatha kuwonjezera ngozi yotuluka.

Dzitetezeni

1. Chitani cheke. Opanga amati kamodzi pamwezi muwonetsetsa kuti chingwe cha pulasitiki cha 1-to-2-inchi cholumikizidwa ndi chipangizocho chikulendewera pamlomo wamkati mwa nyini momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Ngati ikusowa kapena ikuwoneka yayitali kuposa masiku onse, pitani kuchipatala (ndipo gwiritsani ntchito njira zoletsa kubereka pakadali pano). Koma musakoke ulusiwo. "Amayi achotsa mwangozi ma IUD awo motere," akuchenjeza a Prager.

2. Yambani mwamphamvu. Ngati mungasankhe ParaGard (copper IUD), iyenera kugwira ntchito mukangoipeza. Skyla ndi Mirena, omwe ali ndi progestin wocheperako, amathandizanso nthawi yomweyo akaikidwa m'masiku asanu ndi awiri mutangoyamba kumene; apo ayi, gwiritsani ntchito njira yobwezera sabata imodzi. Skyla ndiyabwino kwa zaka zitatu, Mirena amatha mpaka zaka zisanu, ndipo ParaGard imatha kukhala mpaka zaka 10. "Timati njira zakulera zosaiwalika za IUD," akutero Kaunitz, "chifukwa simuyenera kukumbukira chilichonse kuti mukhale otetezedwa. "

Onaninso za