Mlembi: Virginia Floyd
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 9 Ogasiti 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 22 Kuni 2024
Anonim
Glucosamine Sulfate vs HCl – What’s the difference and which is better for treating knee pain?
Kanema: Glucosamine Sulfate vs HCl – What’s the difference and which is better for treating knee pain?

Zamkati

Glucosamine ndi shuga amino yemwe amapangidwa mwachilengedwe mwa anthu. Imapezekanso m'makoko am'madzi, kapena itha kupangidwa mu labotale. Glucosamine hydrochloride ndi imodzi mwanjira zingapo za glucosamine.

Ndikofunikira kuwerenga zolemba za glucosamine mosamala popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya glucosamine imagulitsidwa ngati zowonjezera. Izi zimakhala ndi glucosamine sulphate, glucosamine hydrochloride, kapena N-acetyl glucosamine. Mankhwala osiyanasiyanawa amafanana. Koma atha kukhala opanda zovuta zofananira akamatengedwa ngati chowonjezera cha zakudya. Kafukufuku wambiri wa glucosamine wachitika pogwiritsa ntchito glucosamine sulphate. Onani mndandanda wosiyana wa glucosamine sulphate. Zomwe zili patsamba lino ndi za glucosamine hydrochloride.

Zakudya zowonjezera zomwe zimakhala ndi glucosamine nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera. Zowonjezera izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chondroitin sulphate, MSM, kapena shark cartilage. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti kuphatikiza kumeneku kumagwira ntchito bwino kuposa kungotenga glucosamine yokha. Pakadali pano, ofufuza sanapeze umboni woti kuphatikiza zinthu zowonjezera ndi glucosamine kumawonjezeranso phindu lililonse.

Zida zomwe zili ndi glucosamine ndi glucosamine kuphatikiza chondroitin zimasiyana kwambiri. Zina zilibe zomwe chizindikirocho chimanena. Kusiyanaku kumatha kuyambira 25% mpaka 115%. Zida zina ku US zomwe zimatchedwa glucosamine sulphate kwenikweni ndi glucosamine hydrochloride yokhala ndi sulfate yowonjezera. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zosiyana kuposa zomwe zimakhala ndi glucosamine sulphate.

Glucosamine hydrochloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa osteoarthritis, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, glaucoma, matenda a nsagwada otchedwa temporomandibular disorder (TMD), kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe, ndi zina zambiri, koma palibe umboni wabwino wasayansi wotsimikizira izi.

Mankhwala Achilengedwe Pazonse mitengo yogwira ntchito potengera umboni wasayansi molingana ndi muyeso wotsatirawu: Wogwira Mtima, Wogwira Mtima, Mwinanso Wogwira Ntchito, Mwinanso Wosagwira Ntchito, Mwinanso Wosagwira Ntchito, Wosagwira Ntchito, Ndi Umboni Wosakwanira Wowerengera.

Kuchita bwino kwa GLUCOSAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ndi awa:


Umboni wosakwanira woti ungagwire bwino ntchito ...

  • Matenda a mtima. Anthu omwe amatenga glucosamine akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi matenda amtima. Koma sizikudziwika bwinobwino kuti ndi mtundu uti kapena mtundu wa glucosamine womwe ungagwire ntchito bwino. Mitundu ina ya glucosamine imaphatikizapo glucosamine sulphate ndi N-acetyl glucosamine. Sizikudziwikanso ngati chiwopsezo chotsikachi chikuchokera ku glucosamine kapena kutsatira njira zathanzi.
  • Matenda okhumudwa. Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride kwamasabata 4 kumatha kusintha zizindikiritso mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto.
  • Matenda a shuga. Anthu omwe amatenga glucosamine akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi matenda ashuga. Koma sizikudziwika bwinobwino kuti ndi mtundu uti kapena mtundu wa glucosamine womwe ungagwire ntchito bwino. Mitundu ina ya glucosamine imaphatikizapo glucosamine sulphate ndi N-acetyl glucosamine. Sizikudziwikanso ngati chiwopsezo chotsikachi chikuchokera ku glucosamine kapena kutsatira njira zathanzi.
  • Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kapena mafuta ena (lipids) m'magazi (hyperlipidemia). Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti glucosamine hydrochloride siyimakhudza cholesterol kapena triglyceride mwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri.
  • Matenda omwe amakhudza mafupa ndi mafupa, nthawi zambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la selenium (Kashin-Beck matenda). Umboni woyambirira ukuwonetsa kuti kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride pamodzi ndi chondroitin sulphate kumachepetsa kupweteka komanso kumawongolera magwiridwe antchito akulu akulu omwe ali ndi vuto la mafupa ndi olumikizana lotchedwa Kashin-Beck matenda. Zotsatira za glucosamine sulphate pazizindikiro za matenda a Kashin-Beck zimasakanikirana pomwe chowonjezera chimatengedwa ngati wothandizira m'modzi.
  • Kupweteka kwa bondo. Pali umboni woyambirira wosonyeza kuti glucosamine hydrochloride ikhoza kuthana ndi ululu kwa anthu ena omwe amamva kupweteka kwamabondo pafupipafupi. Koma kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride pamodzi ndi zosakaniza zina sikungathetseretu kupweteka kapena kupititsa patsogolo kuyenda kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ululu wamondo.
  • Nyamakazi. Pali umboni wotsutsana wokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya glucosamine hydrochloride ya osteoarthritis. Umboni wambiri wothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito glucosamine hydrochloride umachokera ku kafukufuku wa chinthu china (CosaminDS). Chida ichi chimakhala ndi kuphatikiza kwa glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulphate, ndi manganese ascorbate. Umboni wina ukusonyeza kuti kuphatikiza kumeneku kumatha kutulutsa ululu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mafupa a m'mabondo. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kumatha kugwira ntchito bwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yofatsa pang'ono kuposa omwe ali ndi osteoarthritis. Chida china (Gurukosamin & Kondoroichin) chomwe chili ndi glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulphate, ndi quercetin glycosides chikuwonekeranso kuti chikuwongolera zizindikiritso zamatenda a m'mafupa.
    Zotsatira zakumwa glucosamine hydrochloride pamodzi ndi chondroitin sulphate zokha ndizosakanikirana. Umboni wina ukusonyeza kuti kumwa mankhwala enaake (Droglican) okhala ndi glucosamine hydrochloride ndi chondroitin sulphate kumachepetsa kupweteka kwa achikulire omwe ali ndi mafupa a mafupa. Komabe, kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti mitundu yomwe ili ndi glucosamine hydrochloride ndi chondroitin sulphate sizothandiza kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mafupa a m'mabondo.
    Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride kokha sikuchepetsa kupweteka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mafupa a m'mabondo.
    Kafukufuku wambiri wachitika pa glucosamine sulphate (onani mndandanda wosiyana) kuposa pa glucosamine hydrochloride. Pali malingaliro ena kuti glucosamine sulphate ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kwambiri kuposa glucosamine hydrochloride ya osteoarthritis. Kafukufuku wambiri poyerekeza mitundu iwiri ya glucosamine sanawonetse kusiyana kulikonse. Komabe, ofufuza ena adadzudzula mtundu wa maphunzirowa.
  • Matenda a nyamakazi (RA). Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kumwa mankhwala enaake a glucosamine hydrochloride (Rohto Pharmaceuticals Co.) kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala akuchipatala kumachepetsa kupweteka poyerekeza ndi mapiritsi a shuga. Komabe, izi sizikuwoneka kuti zikuchepetsa kutupa kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamafundo opweteka kapena otupa.
  • Sitiroko. Anthu omwe amatenga glucosamine atha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chocheperako pang'ono. Koma sizikudziwika bwinobwino kuti ndi mtundu uti kapena mtundu wa glucosamine womwe ungagwire ntchito bwino. Mitundu ina ya glucosamine imaphatikizapo glucosamine sulphate ndi N-acetyl glucosamine. Sizikudziwikanso ngati chiwopsezo chotsikachi chikuchokera ku glucosamine kapena kutsatira njira zathanzi.
  • Gulu la zowawa zomwe zimakhudza nsagwada ndi minofu (matenda a temporomandibular kapena TMD). Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala a glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulphate, ndi calcium ascorbate kawiri patsiku kumachepetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka, komanso phokoso lomwe limapangidwa pamiyendo ya nsagwada, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la temporomandibular.
  • Gulu la zovuta zamaso zomwe zingayambitse kutaya masomphenya (glaucoma).
  • Ululu wammbuyo.
  • Kunenepa kwambiri.
  • Zochitika zina.
Umboni wina umafunikira kuwerengera glucosamine hydrochloride pazogwiritsidwa ntchito izi.

Glucosamine m'thupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga "khushoni" yozungulira malo. Mu osteoarthritis, khushoni iyi imakhala yocheperako komanso yolimba. Kutenga glucosamine hydrochloride ngati chowonjezera kungathandize kupereka zida zofunika kumanganso khushoni.

Ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti glucosamine hydrochloride itha kugwira ntchito komanso glucosamine sulphate. Iwo amaganiza kuti gawo la "sulphate" la glucosamine sulphate ndilofunikira chifukwa sulphate ndiyofunika m'thupi kuti apange khungu.

Mukamamwa: Glucosamine hydrochloride ndi WOTSATIRA BWINO kwa achikulire ambiri akamwedwa moyenera mpaka zaka ziwiri. Glucosamine hydrochloride imatha kuyambitsa mpweya, kuphulika, komanso kukokana.

Zina mwa mankhwala a glucosamine mulibe kuchuluka kwa glucosamine kapena mulibe manganese wambiri. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu zamakampani odalirika.

Chenjezo lapadera & machenjezo:

Mimba ndi kuyamwitsa: Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chodziwikiratu ngati glucosamine hydrochloride ndiyabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mukakhala ndi pakati kapena poyamwitsa. Khalani otetezeka ndikupewa kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mphumu: Glucosamine hydrochloride imatha kukulitsa mphumu. Ngati muli ndi mphumu, samalani ndi glucosamine hydrochloride.

Matenda a shuga: Kafukufuku woyambirira akuwonetsa kuti glucosamine imatha kukweza shuga wamagazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Komabe, kafukufuku wodalirika akuwonetsa kuti glucosamine sikuwoneka kuti imakhudza kwambiri kuwongolera shuga m'magazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Glucosamine yokhala ndi kuwunika shuga pafupipafupi kumaoneka ngati kotetezeka kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Glaucoma: Glucosamine hydrochloride itha kukulitsa kupsinjika mkati mwa diso ndipo imatha kukulitsa glaucoma. Ngati muli ndi glaucoma, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani musanatenge glucosamine.

Cholesterol wokwera: Pali nkhawa ina kuti glucosamine imatha kukulitsa mafuta m'thupi mwa anthu ena. Glucosamine itha kukulitsa milingo ya insulin. Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwama cholesterol. Komabe, izi sizinalembedwe mwa anthu. Kuti mukhale otetezeka, yang'anirani kuchuluka kwama cholesterol anu ngati mumamwa glucosamine hydrochloride ndikukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi: Pali nkhawa kuti glucosamine imatha kuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa anthu ena. Glucosamine itha kukulitsa milingo ya insulin. Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumalumikizidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Komabe, izi sizinalembedwe mwa anthu. Kuti mukhale otetezeka, yang'anani kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu ngati mutamwa glucosamine hydrochloride ndikukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Nsomba za nkhono: Pali nkhawa kuti mankhwala a glucosamine amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena mwa anthu omwe amazindikira nkhono. Glucosamine amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipolopolo za nkhanu, nkhanu, ndi nkhanu. Matupi awo sagwirizana ndi omwe ali ndi ziwengo za nkhono zimayambitsidwa ndi nyama ya nkhono, osati chipolopolo. Koma anthu ena ayamba kuchita zovuta atagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a glucosamine. Ndizotheka kuti mankhwala ena a glucosamine atha kuipitsidwa ndi gawo la nyama ya nkhono yomwe imatha kuyambitsa vuto. Ngati muli ndi vuto la nkhono, lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mankhwala musanagwiritse ntchito glucosamine.

Opaleshoni: Glucosamine hydrochloride imatha kukhudza shuga m'magazi ndipo imatha kusokoneza kuwongolera kwa magazi mkati ndi pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni. Lekani kugwiritsa ntchito glucosamine hydrochloride osachepera milungu iwiri musanachite opareshoni.

Zazikulu
Musatenge kuphatikiza uku.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Warfarin (Coumadin) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa magazi. Pali malipoti angapo akuwonetsa kuti kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride kapena chondroitin kumakulitsa zotsatira za warfarin (Coumadin) pakumanga magazi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuvulala ndi kutuluka magazi komwe kumatha kukhala koopsa. Musatenge glucosamine hydrochloride ngati mukumwa warfarin (Coumadin).
Wamkati
Samalani ndi kuphatikiza uku.
Mankhwala a khansa (Topoisomerase II inhibitors)
Mankhwala ena a khansa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa momwe ma khansa amatha kutengera okha. Asayansi ena amaganiza kuti glucosamine ikhoza kulepheretsa mankhwalawa kuti asachepetse momwe maselo am'mimba amatha kudzitsitsira okha. Glucosamine hydrochloride ndi mtundu umodzi wa glucosamine. Kutenga glucosamine hydrochloride pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena a khansa kumatha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi khansa ndi monga etoposide (VP16, VePesid), teniposide (VM26), mitoxantrone, daunorubicin, ndi doxorubicin (Adriamycin).
Zing'onozing'ono
Khalani maso ndi kuphatikiza uku.
Mankhwala a shuga (Mankhwala oletsa matenda a shuga)
Glucosamine hydrochloride ndi mtundu umodzi wa glucosamine. Pakhala pali nkhawa kuti glucosamine imatha kuwonjezera shuga m'magazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Anthu akhala ndi nkhawa kuti glucosamine ichepetse momwe mankhwala amagwiritsira ntchito matenda ashuga. Koma kafukufuku wapamwamba kwambiri tsopano akuwonetsa kuti kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride mwina sikukuwonjezera shuga wamagazi kapena kusokoneza mankhwala a shuga mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Koma kuti mukhale osamala, ngati mumamwa glucosamine hydrochloride ndikukhala ndi matenda ashuga, yang'anani shuga wanu wamagazi mosamala.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda a shuga ndi glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase), .
Chondroitin sulphate
Kutenga chondroitin sulphate limodzi ndi glucosamine hydrochloride kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi a glucosamine. Mwachidziwitso, kumwa glucosamine hydrochloride ndi chondroitin sulphate kungachepetse kuyamwa kwa glucosamine hydrochloride.
Palibe zochitika zodziwika ndi zakudya.
Mlingo woyenera wa glucosamine hydrochloride umatengera zinthu zingapo monga zaka za wogwiritsa ntchito, thanzi, ndi zina zambiri. Pakadali pano palibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha sayansi chodziwitsa mitundu yoyenera ya glucosamine hydrochloride. Kumbukirani kuti zinthu zachilengedwe sizikhala zotetezeka nthawi zonse ndipo mlingo wake ungakhale wofunikira. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsatira malangizo oyenera pazolemba zamagetsi ndikufunsani wamankhwala kapena dokotala kapena akatswiri azaumoyo musanagwiritse ntchito.

(3R, 4R, 5S, 6R) -3-Amino-6- (Hydroxymethyl) Oxane-2,4,5-Triol Hydrochloride, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-D-Glucosehydrochloride, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy- Beta-D-Glucopyranose, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-Beta-D-Glucopyranose Hydrochloride, Amino Monosaccharide, Chitosamine Hydrochloride, Chlorhidrato de Glucosamina, Chlorhydrate de Glucosamine, D-Glucosamine HCl, Glucosidi ya Glucosini, Glucosidi ya Glucosini Glucosamine KCl, Glucosamine-6-mankwala.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe nkhaniyi idalembedwera, chonde onani Mankhwala Achilengedwe Pazonse njira.


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