Nevirapine

Zamkati

• Musanamwe mankhwala a nevirapine,
• Nevirapine imatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati chimodzi mwazizindikirozi ndi zoopsa kapena sichitha:
• Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo izi:

Nevirapine imatha kuwononga chiwindi choopsa, chowopsa, kusintha kwa khungu, komanso kusokonezeka. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mwakhalapo kapena mudakhalapo ndi matenda a chiwindi, makamaka matenda a chiwindi a B kapena C. Dokotala wanu mwina angakuwuzeni kuti musatenge nevirapine. Muuzeni adotolo ngati muli ndi zotupa kapena matenda ena akhungu musanayambe kumwa nevirapine. Ngati mukukumana ndi zina mwazizindikiro izi, siyani kumwa mankhwala a nevirapine ndipo muimbireni dokotala nthawi yomweyo: kuthamanga, makamaka ngati kuli kovuta kapena kubwera ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zili pamndandandawu; kutopa kwambiri; kusowa mphamvu kapena kufooka kwakukulu; nseru; kusanza; kusowa chilakolako; mkodzo wamdima (wakuda tiyi); mipando yotumbululuka; chikasu cha khungu kapena maso; kupweteka kumtunda chakumanja kwam'mimba; malungo, zilonda zapakhosi, kuzizira, kapena zizindikilo zina za matenda; zizindikiro ngati chimfine; minofu kapena molumikizana mafupa; matuza; zilonda mkamwa; maso ofiira kapena otupa; ming'oma; kuyabwa; kutupa kwa nkhope, mmero, lilime, milomo, maso, manja, mapazi, akakolo, kapena miyendo yakumunsi; ukali; kapena kupuma movutikira kapena kumeza.

Ngati dokotala akukuuzani kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala a nevirapine chifukwa munali ndi khungu kapena chiwindi choopsa, simuyenera kumwa mankhwala a nevirapine.

Dokotala wanu akuyambitsani mlingo wochepa wa nevirapine ndikuwonjezerani mlingo wanu pakatha masiku 14. Izi zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khungu lalikulu. Ngati mukumva zotupa zamtundu uliwonse kapena zina mwazizindikiro zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa pamene mukumwa mankhwala ochepa a nevirapine, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Musawonjezere mlingo wanu mpaka ziphuphu kapena zizindikiro zanu zitatha.

Sungani maimidwe onse ndi dokotala wanu ndi labotale. Dokotala wanu adzaitanitsa mayeso ena kuti aone momwe thupi lanu limayankhira ku nevirapine, makamaka mkati mwa milungu 18 yoyambirira yamankhwala anu.

Dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala adzakupatsani pepala lazidziwitso za wopanga (Medication Guide) mukayamba kumwa mankhwala a nevirapine ndipo nthawi iliyonse mukamadzaza mankhwala anu. Werengani nkhaniyi mosamala ndikufunsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala ngati muli ndi mafunso. Muthanso kupeza Buku la Mankhwala kuchokera patsamba la FDA: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm085729.htm.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa kwakumwa nevirapine. Pali chiopsezo chachikulu kuti mungadwale chiwindi chachikulu mukamalandira chithandizo ngati ndinu mayi komanso ngati muli ndi CD4 count (kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mtundu winawake wamatenda olimbana ndi khungu lanu m'magazi anu).

Nevirapine imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena kuchiza matenda a kachirombo ka HIV mwa akulu ndi ana azaka 15 zakubadwa kapena kupitilira apo. Nevirapine sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira ogwira ntchito zaumoyo kapena anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV atakhudzana ndi magazi, ziwalo, kapena madzi ena amthupi. Nevirapine ali mgulu la mankhwala otchedwa non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Zimagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka HIV m'magazi. Ngakhale kuti nevirapine sichitha kachilombo ka HIV, imatha kuchepetsa mwayi wanu wopeza matenda a immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ndi matenda okhudzana ndi HIV monga matenda akulu kapena khansa. Kumwa mankhwalawa pamodzi ndi kugonana mosatekeseka ndikusintha zina pamoyo wanu kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga (kufalitsa) kachirombo ka HIV kwa anthu ena.

Nevirapine imabwera ngati piritsi, piritsi lotulutsidwa, komanso kuyimitsidwa (madzi) kumwa pakamwa kapena wopanda chakudya. Piritsi ndi kuyimitsa nthawi zambiri kumatengedwa kamodzi patsiku milungu iwiri kenako kawiri patsiku milungu iwiri yoyambirira. Piritsi lotulutsidwalo nthawi zambiri limatengedwa kamodzi patsiku, kutsatira mankhwala osachepera milungu iwiri ndi mapiritsi anthawi zonse a nevirapine kapena kuyimitsidwa. Tsatirani malangizo omwe mwalandira mosamala, ndikufunsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala kuti afotokoze gawo lililonse lomwe simukumvetsa. Tengani nevirapine ndendende monga momwe akuuzira. Musamamwe pang'ono kapena kumamwa pafupipafupi kuposa momwe adanenera dokotala.

Kumeza nevirapine ndi zakumwa monga madzi, mkaka, kapena koloko.

Kumeza mapiritsi otulutsidwa otalikiratu; osagawana, kutafuna, kapena kuwaphwanya.

Sambani madzi pang'onopang'ono musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa mofanana. Gwiritsani ntchito kapu ya dosing pakamwa kapena syringe ya dosing kuti muyese mlingo wanu. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito sirinji, makamaka ngati mulingo wanu uli wochepera 5 mL (supuni 1). Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chikho cha dosing, imwani mankhwala onse omwe mumayeza mu kapu ya dosing. Kenako dzazani chikho cha dosing ndi madzi ndikumwa madzi kuti mutsimikizire kuti mwalandira mlingo wanu wonse.

Nevirapine amatha kuchepetsa kachirombo ka HIV koma sangachize. Pitirizani kumwa mankhwala a nevirapine ngakhale mukumva bwino. Osasiya kumwa mankhwala a nevirapine kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe mumamwa kuti muchepetse HIV kapena Edzi osalankhula ndi adotolo. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala mwanjira inayake. Ngati mwaphonya Mlingo kapena kusiya kumwa nevirapine, matenda anu akhoza kukhala ovuta kuchiza.

Ngati simutenga nevirapine masiku 7 kapena kupitilira apo, osayambiranso kumwa osalankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Dokotala wanu akuyambitsani pa mlingo wochepa wa nevirapine, ndikuwonjezerani mlingo wanu pakatha milungu iwiri.

Nevirapine imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popewera makanda omwe sanabadwe omwe amayi awo ali ndi HIV kapena Edzi kuti asatenge kachilombo ka HIV pobadwa.

Mankhwalawa amatha kupatsidwa ntchito zina; funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Musanamwe mankhwala a nevirapine,

• uzani dokotala wanu komanso wazamankhwala ngati simukugwirizana ndi mankhwala a nevirapine kapena mankhwala aliwonse.
• Uzani dokotala wanu komanso wamankhwala mankhwala omwe mukulandira komanso osapereka mankhwala, mavitamini, ndi zowonjezera zakudya zomwe mumamwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwatchulapo izi: anticoagulants ('magazi opopera magazi') monga warfarin (Coumadin); ma antifungal ena monga fluconazole (Diflucan), itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), ndi voriconazole (Vfend); mapiritsi olera pamene mukumwa pazifukwa zina kupatula kupewa mimba; zotsekemera za calcium monga diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac), nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), ndi verapamil (Calan, Covera, Isoptin, Verelan); clarithromycin (Biaxin); mankhwala ena a khansa chemotherapy monga cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan); cisapride (Propulsid); cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune); ergot alkaloids monga ergotamine (Cafergot, Ercaf, ena); fentanyl (Duragesic, Actiq); mankhwala a kugunda kwamtima mosasinthasintha monga amiodarone (Cordarone) ndi disopyramide (Norpace); mankhwala okomoka monga carbamazepine (Tegretol), clonazepam (Klonopin), ndi ethosuximide (Zarontin); methadone (Dolophine), mankhwala ena a HIV kapena Edzi monga amprenavir (Agenerase), atazanavir (Reyataz), efavirenz (Sustiva), fosamprenavir (Lexiva), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir ndi ritonavir kuphatikiza (Kaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept) , ndi saquinavir (Fortovase, Invirase); zida (Deltasone); rifabutin (Mycobutin); rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane); sirolimus (Rapamune); ndi tacrolimus (Prograf). Mankhwala ena ambiri amatha kulumikizana ndi nevirapine, chifukwa chake onetsetsani kuti muwauze adotolo za mankhwala omwe mukumwa, ngakhale omwe sapezeka pamndandandawu. Dokotala wanu angafunike kusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala anu kapena kukuyang'anirani mosamala pazotsatira.
• uzani dokotala wanu komanso wazamankhwala zomwe mumamwa mankhwala azitsamba, makamaka wort ya St.
• uzani dokotala wanu ngati mwakhalapo ndi matenda a impso, makamaka ngati mukukumana ndi dialysis (mankhwala ochapira magazi kunja kwa thupi impso zikugwira ntchito bwino).
• Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kukhala ndi pakati. Mukakhala ndi pakati mukatenga nevirapine, itanani dokotala wanu. Simuyenera kuyamwa ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena mukumwa nevirapine.
• Muyenera kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa amachepetsa kubereka mwa amayi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati muli ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi chonde.
• muyenera kudziwa kuti mafuta anu athupi amatha kuchuluka kapena kusunthira mbali zina za thupi lanu monga m'chiuno, kumtunda, khosi ('' njati hump ''), mabere, komanso mozungulira m'mimba mwanu. Mutha kuwona kutaya mafuta m'thupi, kumaso, miyendo, ndi mikono.
• muyenera kudziwa kuti pamene mukumwa mankhwala ochizira kachilombo ka HIV, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chingakhale champhamvu ndikuyamba kulimbana ndi matenda ena omwe anali kale mthupi lanu kapena amayambitsa zina. Izi zitha kukupangitsani kukhala ndi zizindikilo za matendawa kapena mikhalidwe. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zatsopano kapena zowonjezereka mukamamwa mankhwala a nevirapine, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala.

Pokhapokha dokotala atakuwuzani zina, pitirizani kudya zomwe mumadya.

Tengani mlingo womwe mwaphonya mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati ili pafupi nthawi ya mlingo wotsatira, dumpha mlingo womwe umasowa ndikupitiliza dongosolo lanu lokhazikika. Musatenge mlingo wawiri kuti mupange omwe mwaphonya.

Nevirapine imatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati chimodzi mwazizindikirozi ndi zoopsa kapena sichitha:

• mutu
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kupweteka m'mimba

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zingakhale zazikulu. Ngati mukumane ndi zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa mgulu la Chenjezo LOFUNIKA, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu.

Mukakumana ndi zovuta zina, inu kapena adokotala mutha kutumiza lipoti ku pulogalamu ya Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting pa intaneti (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) kapena pafoni ( 1-800-332-1088).

Sungani mankhwala awa mu chidebe chomwe chidabwera, chatsekedwa mwamphamvu, komanso chosafikira ana. Zisungeni kutentha ndi kutali ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi (osati kubafa).

Ndikofunika kuti mankhwala onse asamawonekere komanso kuti ana asamafikire ngati muli zidebe zambiri (monga mapiritsi a mlungu ndi mlungu ndi omwe amatsikira m'maso, mafuta, zigamba, ndi opumira) sizolimbana ndi ana ndipo ana aang'ono amatha kuzitsegula mosavuta. Pofuna kuteteza ana ang'ono kuti asatenge poyizoni, nthawi zonse tsekani zipewa zachitetezo ndikuyika mankhwalawo pamalo otetezeka - omwe ali pamwamba ndi kutali komanso osawonekera ndi kufikira. http://www.upandaway.org

Mankhwala osafunikira ayenera kutayidwa munjira zapadera zowonetsetsa kuti ziweto, ana, ndi anthu ena sangamwe. Komabe, simuyenera kuthira mankhwalawa mchimbudzi. M'malo mwake, njira yabwino yoperekera mankhwala anu ndikadongosolo lobwezera mankhwala. Lankhulani ndi wamankhwala wanu kapena lemberani dipatimenti yakunyumba / yobwezeretsanso kwanuko kuti muphunzire zamapulogalamu obwezeretsanso mdera lanu. Onani tsamba la FDA's Disposal of Medicines webusayiti (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) kuti mumve zambiri ngati mulibe pulogalamu yobwezera.

Mukadwala mopitirira muyeso, itanani foni yothandizira poyizoni pa 1-800-222-1222. Zambiri zimapezekanso pa intaneti pa https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Ngati wozunzidwayo wagwa, watenga khunyu, akuvutika kupuma, kapena sangathe kudzutsidwa, nthawi yomweyo itanani anthu azadzidzidzi ku 911.

Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo izi:

• kutupa kwa manja, mapazi, akakolo, kapena miyendo yakumunsi
• zopweteka zofiira zopweteka pakhungu
• kutopa kwambiri
• malungo
• mutu
• kuvuta kugona kapena kugona
• nseru
• kusanza
• zidzolo
• chizungulire

Musalole kuti aliyense azimwa mankhwala anu. Funsani wamankhwala wanu mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo okhudzana ndi kudzaza mankhwala anu.

Ngati mukumwa mapiritsi otulutsidwa, mutha kuwona china chake chomwe chikuwoneka ngati piritsi pampando wanu. Ili ndiye chipolopolo chopanda kanthu, ndipo izi sizitanthauza kuti simunalandire mankhwala anu onse.

Ndikofunika kuti musunge mndandanda wamankhwala onse omwe mumalandira komanso osalembetsa (owerengera) omwe mukumwa, komanso zinthu zilizonse monga mavitamini, michere, kapena zakudya zina. Muyenera kubwera nawo pamndandandawu nthawi iliyonse mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena ngati mwalandiridwa kuchipatala. Ndikofunikanso kuthana nanu pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

• Viramune^®
• Viramune^® XR