Tacrolimus
Zamkati
- Musanamwe tacrolimus,
- Tacrolimus angayambitse mavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati zina mwazizindikirozi ndizolimba kapena sizichoka:
- Zotsatira zina zoyipa zingakhale zazikulu. Ngati mukumane ndi izi, kapena zomwe zatchulidwa mgulu la CHENJEZO LOFUNIKA, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu:
- Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo:
Tacrolimus imayenera kuperekedwa moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala yemwe amadziwa bwino kuchiritsa anthu omwe ali ndi chiwalo chadongosolo komanso kupereka mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Tacrolimus amachepetsa ntchito ya chitetezo cha mthupi lanu. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda akulu. Ngati mukumane ndi izi, uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo: zilonda zapakhosi; chifuwa; malungo; kutopa kwambiri; zizindikiro ngati chimfine; khungu lofunda, lofiira, kapena lopweteka; kapena zizindikiro zina za matenda.
Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi sichikugwira bwino ntchito, pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo chachikulu kuti mukhale ndi khansa, makamaka lymphoma (mtundu wa khansa womwe umayambira m'maselo amthupi). Mukamamwa tacrolimus kapena mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, chiwopsezo chake chitha kukulirakulira. Ngati mukumane ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi za lymphoma, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu: zotupa zam'mimba m'khosi, kukhwapa, kapena kubuula; kuonda; malungo; thukuta usiku; kutopa kwambiri kapena kufooka; chifuwa; kuvuta kupuma; kupweteka pachifuwa; kapena kupweteka, kutupa, kapena kukhuta m'mimba.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti azimayi omwe adalandira chiwindi cha chiwindi ndipo amatenga makapisozi otulutsa tacrolimus (Astagraf XL) anali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha imfa. Makapulisi otulutsa tacrolimus (Astagraf XL) savomerezedwa ndi a FDA kuti apewe kukanidwa (kuwukira kwa chiwalo choikidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu amene amalandira chiwalo) cha kumuika chiwindi.
Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito tacrolimus.
Tacrolimus (Astagraf XL, Envarsus XR, Prograf) imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena kuti athetse kukanidwa (kuwukira kwa chiwalo choikidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu amene amalandira chiwalo) mwa anthu omwe alandila impso. Tacrolimus (Prograf) imagwiritsidwanso ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena kuti athetse kukanidwa kwa anthu omwe alandila chiwindi kapena mtima. Tacrolimus ali mgulu la mankhwala otchedwa ma immunosupressants. Zimagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chiteteze ku chiwalo chobzalidwa.
Tacrolimus imabwera ngati kapisozi, ma granules oimitsidwa pakamwa (kuti asakanikidwe ndi madzi), kapule yotulutsidwa (yotenga nthawi yayitali), komanso piritsi lotulutsira lomwe lingatenge pakamwa. Makapisozi omwe amatulutsidwa mwachangu (Prograf) ndi kuyimitsidwa pakamwa (Prograf) nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kawiri patsiku (kutalikirana maola 12). Mutha kutenga makapisozi omwe amatulutsidwa mwachangu ndi kuyimitsidwa pakamwa mwina ndi chakudya kapena opanda, koma onetsetsani kuti mumamwa momwemo nthawi iliyonse. Makapisozi otulutsa nthawi yayitali (Astagraf XL) kapena mapiritsi otulutsira kwina (Envarsus XR) amatengedwa m'mawa uliwonse m'mawa osadya kanthu ola limodzi musanadye kapena kadzutsa kapena osachepera maola awiri mutatha kadzutsa. Tengani tacrolimus nthawi imodzimodzi tsiku lililonse. Tsatirani malangizo omwe mwalandira mosamala, ndikufunsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala kuti afotokoze gawo lililonse lomwe simukumvetsa. Tengani tacrolimus ndendende monga mwalamulo. Musamamwe pang'ono kapena kumamwa pafupipafupi kuposa momwe adanenera dokotala.
Ngati mukumwa timbewu timene timayimitsidwa pakamwa, muyenera kusakaniza ndi madzi otentha musanagwiritse ntchito. Ikani supuni 1 mpaka 2 (mamililita 15 mpaka 30) amadzi mu chikho chokhala ndi granules. Sakanizani zomwe zili mkatimo ndipo nthawi yomweyo tengani chakudwacho pakamwa kapena m'jekeseni yamlomo; osasunga chisakanizocho nthawi ina. Mankhwalawa sangasungunuke kwathunthu. Ngati chisakanikocho chikutsalira, onjezerani supuni 1 mpaka 2 (15 mpaka 30 milliliters) a madziwo ndikusakaniza.
Kumeza makapisozi otulutsa nthawi yayitali ndi mapiritsi otalikirapo ndi madzi; osagawana, kutafuna, kapena kuwaphwanya. Osatsegula makapisozi omwe amatulutsidwa mwachangu,
Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani mosamala ndikusintha mlingo wanu pakufunika kutero. Lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi zambiri za momwe mukumvera mukamalandira chithandizo. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza kuchuluka kwa tacrolimus yomwe muyenera kumwa.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tacrolimus imatulutsa mankhwala mosiyanasiyana mthupi lanu ndipo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana. Ingotengani mankhwala a tacrolimus omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani ndipo musasinthire kumtundu wina wa tacrolimus pokhapokha dokotala atakuuzani kuti muyenera kutero.
Tacrolimus imatha kungoletsa kukana kwanu mukamamwa mankhwalawo. Pitirizani kumwa tacrolimus ngakhale mukumva bwino. Osasiya kumwa tacrolimus osalankhula ndi dokotala.
Tacrolimus nthawi zina amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthana ndi matenda a Crohn (matenda omwe thupi limagwiritsa ntchito gawo la m'mimba, kumayambitsa kupweteka, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchepa thupi, malungo, ndikupanga ma tunnel osalumikiza olumikizana ndi ziwalo zina kapena ziwalo zina khungu). Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pochiza matenda anu.
Mankhwalawa amatha kupatsidwa ntchito zina; funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Musanamwe tacrolimus,
- uzani dokotala wanu komanso wamankhwala ngati simukugwirizana ndi tacrolimus, mankhwala ena aliwonse, kapena zina zilizonse zopangira tacrolimus. Funsani wamankhwala wanu kapena onani Chithandizo cha Mankhwala kuti mupeze mndandanda wazosakaniza.
- Uzani dokotala wanu komanso wamankhwala mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe simukulembera, mavitamini, ndi zowonjezera zakudya zomwe mumamwa kapena mukukonzekera. Onetsetsani kuti mwatchulapo izi: amiodarone (Nexterone, Pacerone); amphotericin B (Abelcet, Ambisome); ma angiotensin otembenuza enzyme (ACE) zoletsa monga benazepril (Lotensin, ku Lotrel), captopril, enalapril (Vasotec, mu Vaseretic), fosinopril, lisinopril (ku Prinzide, ku Zestoretic), moexipril (Univasc, in Unopic) , ku Prestalia), quinapril (Accupril, mu Quinaretic), ramipril (Altace), kapena trandolapril (ku Tarka); Maantacid okhala ndi magnesium ndi aluminium hydroxide (Maalox); maantibayotiki ena monga aminoglycosides monga amikacin, gentamicin, neomycin (Neo-Fradin), streptomycin, ndi tobramycin (Tobi), ndi macrolides monga clarithromycin (Biaxin), erythromycin (EES, E-Mycin, Erythrocin), ndi troleandomycin (TAO sikupezeka ku US); Mankhwala oletsa antifungal monga clotrimazole (Lotrimin, Mycelex), fluconazole (Diflucan), itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox), ketoconazole, posaconazole (Noxafil), ndi voriconazole (Vfend); angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) monga azilsartan (Edarbi, ku Edarbyclor), candesartan (Atacand, ku Atacand HCT), eprosartan (Teveten), irbesartan (Avapro, ku Avalide), losartan (Cozaar, ku Hyzaar), olmesartan (Benicar ku Azor, ku Benicar HCT, ku Tribenzor), telmisartan (Micardis, ku Micardis HCT, ku Twynsta); boceprevir (Victrelis; sakupezeka ku U.S.); zotchinga calcium monga diltiazem (Cardizem), nicardipine, nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), ndi verapamil (Calan, Verelan, ku Tarka); caspofungin (Cancidas); mankhwala enaake; cimetidine (Tagamet); cisapride (Propulsid; sikupezeka ku U.S.); cisplatin; danazol; ma diuretics ena ('mapiritsi amadzi'); ganciclovir (Valcyte); njira zina zakulera (mapiritsi oletsa kubala, zigamba, mphete, zolowetsa, kapena jakisoni); mankhwala ena a HIV monga didanosine (Videx); indinavir (Crixivan), lamivudine (Epivir); nelfinavir (Viracept), ritonavir (Norvir), stavudine (Zerit), ndi zidovudine (Retrovir) lansoprazole (Prevacid); methylprednisolone (Medrol); metoclopramide (Reglan); mycophenolate (Cellcept); nefazodone; omeprazole (Prilosec); zida; rifabutin (Mycobutin); rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane); mankhwala ena okomoka monga carbamazepine (Tegretol, Teril), phenobarbital, ndi phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek); sirolimus (Rapamune), ndi telaprevir (Incivek; sichikupezeka ku U.S.). Dokotala wanu angafunike kusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala anu kapena kukuyang'anirani mosamala pazotsatira. Mankhwala ena ambiri amathanso kulumikizana ndi tacrolimus, chifukwa chake onetsetsani kuti muwauze adotolo za mankhwala omwe mukumwa, ngakhale omwe sapezeka pamndandandawu.
- Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukumwa kapena mwasiya kumene kumwa cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune). Mukadakhala kuti mukumwa cyclosporine, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musayambe kumwa tacrolimus mpaka maola 24 mutatenga mankhwala anu omaliza a cyclosporine. Mukasiya kumwa tacrolimus, dokotala wanu adzakuuzaninso kuti mudikire maola 24 musanayambe kumwa cyclosporine.
- uzani dokotala wanu komanso wazamankhwala zomwe mumamwa mankhwala azitsamba, makamaka za St. John's wort kapena schisandra sphenanthera. Musamamwe mankhwala azitsambawa mukamamwa tacrolimus.
- Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mwakhalapo ndi matenda a QT (mkhalidwe wobadwa nawo momwe munthu amakhala ndi kuthekera kwa QT) potaziyamu, calcium, kapena magnesium yotsika m'magazi anu, kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira, kuchuluka kwama cholesterol, mtima , matenda a impso, kapena chiwindi.
- uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi pakati, konzekerani kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa. Ngati inu kapena mnzanu mukutha kutenga pakati, gwiritsani ntchito njira zolerera musanalandire chithandizo komanso tacrolimus. Mukakhala ndi pakati mukatenga tacrolimus, itanani dokotala wanu. Tacrolimus akhoza kuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo.
- ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo opaleshoni ya mano, uzani dokotala kapena dokotala kuti mukumwa tacrolimus.
- muyenera kudziwa kuti kumwa tacrolimus kumawonjezera chiopsezo choti mungakhale ndi khansa yapakhungu. Dzitchinjirizeni ku khansa yapakhungu popewa kuwonetseredwa kosafunikira kapena kwakanthawi kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kuwala kwa ultraviolet (mabedi ofufuta) ndi kuvala zovala zodzitetezera, magalasi a magalasi, ndi zotchinga dzuwa zoteteza khungu (SPF).
- musamamwe zakumwa zoledzeretsa pamene mukumwa makapisozi otulutsa tacrolimus kapena mapiritsi otalikitsa. Mowa umatha kukulitsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha tacrolimus.
- muyenera kudziwa kuti tacrolimus imatha kubweretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Dokotala wanu amayang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mosamala, ndipo amatha kukupatsani mankhwala kuti athetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ngati kutuluka.
- muyenera kudziwa kuti pali chiopsezo kuti mutha kudwala matenda ashuga mukamamwa mankhwala a tacrolimus. Odwala aku Africa American ndi Spain omwe adadwala impso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ashuga akamalandira tacrolimus. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati inu kapena aliyense m'banja mwanu adadwala kapena adakhalapo ndi matenda ashuga. Ngati mukumane ndi izi, uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo: ludzu lokwanira; njala yambiri; pafupipafupi pokodza; kusawona bwino kapena kusokonezeka.
- mulibe katemera popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala.
Pewani kudya zipatso zamphesa kapena kumwa madzi amphesa mukamamwa tacrolimus.
Ngati kapisozi wotulutsidwa msanga kapena kumwa pakamwa sikusoweka, imwani mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati ili pafupi nthawi ya mlingo wotsatira, dumpha mlingo womwe umasowa ndikupitiliza dongosolo lanu lokhazikika. Musatenge mlingo wawiri kuti mupange omwe mwaphonya.
Ngati mlingo wa capsule womasulidwa umasowa, tengani mlingo ngati uli mkati mwa maola 14 mutaphonya mlingo. Komabe, ngati ndiopitilira maola 14, dumpha mlingo womwe umasowa ndikupitiliza dongosolo lanu lokhazikika. Musatenge mlingo wawiri kuti mupange omwe mwaphonya.
Ngati piritsi lotulutsidwa lomwe latulutsidwa silikusowa, tengani mlingo ngati uli mkati mwa maola 15 mutaphonya mlingo. Komabe, ngati ndiopitilira maola 15, tulukani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikupitiliza dongosolo lanu lokhazikika. Musatenge mlingo wawiri kuti mupange omwe mwaphonya.
Tacrolimus angayambitse mavuto. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati zina mwazizindikirozi ndizolimba kapena sizichoka:
- mutu
- kutsegula m'mimba
- kudzimbidwa
- nseru
- kusanza
- kutentha pa chifuwa
- kupweteka m'mimba
- kusowa chilakolako
- kuvuta kugona kapena kugona
- chizungulire
- kufooka
- kupweteka kumbuyo kapena kumalumikizana
- kutentha, dzanzi, kupweteka, kapena kumva kulasalasa m'manja kapena m'mapazi
Zotsatira zina zoyipa zingakhale zazikulu. Ngati mukumane ndi izi, kapena zomwe zatchulidwa mgulu la CHENJEZO LOFUNIKA, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu:
- kuchepa pokodza
- kupweteka kapena kutentha pakukodza
- kupuma movutikira, ming'oma, zidzolo, kapena kuyabwa
- khungu lotuwa, kupuma pang'ono, kapena kugunda kwamtima mwachangu
- kutopa; kunenepa; kutupa kwa mikono, manja, mapazi, akakolo, kapena miyendo yakumunsi; kapena kupuma movutikira
- kutuluka mwachilendo kapena kuphwanya
- kugwidwa, kusintha kwa masomphenya, kupweteka mutu, kusokonezeka, kapena kugwedezeka kosalamulirika kwa gawo lina la thupi
- chikomokere (kutaya chidziwitso kwakanthawi)
Tacrolimus angayambitse mavuto ena. Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi zovuta zina mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
Mukakumana ndi zovuta zina, inu kapena adokotala mutha kutumiza lipoti ku pulogalamu ya Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting pa intaneti (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) kapena pafoni ( 1-800-332-1088).
Sungani mankhwala awa mu chidebe chomwe chidabwera, chatsekedwa mwamphamvu, komanso chosafikira ana. Zisungeni kutentha ndi kutali ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi (osati kubafa).
Ndikofunika kuti mankhwala onse asamawonekere komanso kuti ana asamafikire ngati muli zidebe zambiri (monga mapiritsi a mlungu ndi mlungu ndi omwe amatsikira m'maso, mafuta, zigamba, ndi opumira) sizolimbana ndi ana ndipo ana aang'ono amatha kuzitsegula mosavuta. Pofuna kuteteza ana ang'ono kuti asatenge poyizoni, nthawi zonse tsekani zipewa zachitetezo ndikuyika mankhwalawo pamalo otetezeka - omwe ali pamwamba ndi kutali komanso osawonekera ndi kufikira.http://www.upandaway.org
Mankhwala osafunikira ayenera kutayidwa munjira zapadera zowonetsetsa kuti ziweto, ana, ndi anthu ena sangamwe. Komabe, simuyenera kuthira mankhwalawa mchimbudzi. M'malo mwake, njira yabwino yoperekera mankhwala anu ndikadongosolo lobwezera mankhwala. Lankhulani ndi wamankhwala wanu kapena lemberani dipatimenti yakunyumba / yobwezeretsanso kwanuko kuti muphunzire zamapulogalamu obwezeretsanso mdera lanu. Onani tsamba la FDA's Disposal of Medicines webusayiti (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) kuti mumve zambiri ngati mulibe pulogalamu yobwezera.
Mukadwala mopitirira muyeso, itanani foni yothandizira poyizoni pa 1-800-222-1222. Zambiri zimapezekanso pa intaneti pa https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Ngati wozunzidwayo wagwa, watenga khunyu, akuvutika kupuma, kapena sangathe kudzutsidwa, nthawi yomweyo itanani anthu azadzidzidzi ku 911.
Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo:
- ming'oma
- kugona
- nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsegula m'mimba
- kugwedezeka kosalamulirika kwa gawo lina la thupi, kupweteka mutu, kusokonezeka, kusalinganika, komanso kutopa kwambiri
- kutupa kwa mikono kapena miyendo
- malungo kapena zizindikiro zina za matenda
Sungani maimidwe onse ndi dokotala wanu ndi labotale. Dokotala wanu amalamula mayeso ena musanachitike komanso mukamalandira chithandizo kuti muwone momwe thupi lanu likuyankhira tacrolimus.
Musalole kuti aliyense azimwa mankhwala anu. Funsani wamankhwala wanu mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo okhudzana ndi kudzaza mankhwala anu.
Ndikofunika kuti musunge mndandanda wamankhwala onse omwe mumalandira komanso osalembetsa (owerengera) omwe mukumwa, komanso zinthu zilizonse monga mavitamini, michere, kapena zakudya zina. Muyenera kubwera nawo pamndandandawu nthawi iliyonse mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena ngati mwalandiridwa kuchipatala. Ndikofunikanso kuthana nanu pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.
- Astagraf XL®
- Envarsus XR®
- Prograf®
- FK 506