Katemera wa Hepatitis B

Zamkati

• Kutsatira katemera wa hepatitis B ndi awa:

Hepatitis B ndi matenda akulu omwe amakhudza chiwindi. Amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B. Hepatitis B imatha kuyambitsa matenda ochepa kwa milungu ingapo, kapena ingayambitse matenda akulu, amoyo wonse.

Matenda a hepatitis B amatha kukhala ovuta kapena osatha.

Matenda opatsirana a hepatitis B ndimatenda akanthawi kochepa omwe amapezeka mkati mwa miyezi 6 yoyambirira pambuyo poti wina watenga kachilombo ka hepatitis B. Izi zitha kubweretsa ku:

• malungo, kutopa, kusowa kwa njala, nseru, ndi / kapena kusanza
• jaundice (khungu lachikaso kapena maso, mkodzo wakuda, matumbo ofiira ofiira)
• kupweteka kwa minofu, mafupa, ndi m'mimba

Matenda opatsirana a hepatitis B ndi matenda okhalitsa omwe amapezeka pamene kachilombo ka hepatitis B kamakhalabe mthupi la munthu. Anthu ambiri omwe amakhala ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a mtundu wa B alibe zizindikiro, komabe akadali zovuta kwambiri ndipo zitha kubweretsa ku:

• kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi (cirrhosis)
• khansa ya chiwindi
• imfa

Anthu omwe ali ndi kachiromboka amatha kufalitsa kachilombo ka hepatitis B kwa ena, ngakhale iwowo sakumva kapena kuwoneka odwala. Kufikira anthu mamiliyoni 1.4 ku United States atha kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana a hepatitis B. Pafupifupi makanda 90% omwe amatenga matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa B amatenga matenda osachiritsika, ndipo pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa anayi amwalira.

Hepatitis B imafalikira pamene magazi, umuna, kapena madzi ena amthupi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B alowa mthupi la munthu yemwe alibe kachilomboka. Anthu atha kutenga kachilomboka kudzera:

• kubadwa (mwana yemwe mayi ake ali ndi kachilombo angatenge kachilomboka atabadwa kapena atabadwa)
• kugawana zinthu monga malezala kapena miswachi ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka
• kukhudzana ndi magazi kapena zilonda zotseguka za munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka
• kugonana ndi wokondedwa yemwe ali ndi kachilombo
• kugawana masingano, majakisoni, kapena zida zina zopangira mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kukhudzana ndi magazi kuchokera ku zingano kapena zida zina zakuthwa

Chaka chilichonse pafupifupi anthu 2,000 ku United States amamwalira ndi matenda a chiwindi okhudzana ndi hepatitis B.

Katemera wa Hepatitis B amatha kuteteza matenda a chiwindi a B ndi zotulukapo zake, kuphatikizapo khansa ya chiwindi ndi matenda enaake.

Katemera wa Hepatitis B amapangidwa kuchokera mbali zina za matenda a hepatitis B. Sizingayambitse matenda a hepatitis B. Katemerayu nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati 2, 3, kapena 4 kuwombera pamiyezi 1 mpaka 6.

Makanda ayenera kulandira katemera woyamba wa hepatitis B pakubadwa ndipo nthawi zambiri amaliza zotsatirazi ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Zonse ana ndi achinyamata ochepera zaka 19 omwe sanalandire katemerayu ayeneranso kulandira katemera.

Katemera wa Hepatitis B amalimbikitsidwa kuti asapatsidwe katemera akuluakulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka hepatitis B, kuphatikiza:

• anthu omwe abwenzi awo amagonana ali ndi hepatitis B
• anthu ogonana omwe sali pachibwenzi chanthawi yayitali
• anthu ofuna kuwunika kapena chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana
• amuna ogonana ndi amuna anzawo
• anthu omwe amagawana masingano, jakisoni, kapena zida zina zopangira mankhwala
• anthu omwe amakumana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B.
• azaumoyo komanso ogwira ntchito zachitetezo pagulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga magazi kapena madzi amthupi
• okhala ndi ogwira ntchito m'malo a anthu olumala
• anthu omwe ali m'malo owongolera
• ozunzidwa kapena kugwiriridwa
• omwe amapita kumadera omwe chiwindi cha B chimachulukanso
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika a chiwindi, matenda a impso, matenda opatsirana ndi HIV, kapena matenda ashuga
• aliyense amene akufuna kutetezedwa ku matenda a chiwindi a B

Palibe chiwopsezo chodziwika chopeza katemera wa hepatitis B nthawi yofanana ndi katemera wina.

Uzani munthu amene akupatsani katemera:

• Ngati munthu amene akutenga katemerayu ali ndi ziwengo zoopsa, zowopsa. Ngati munayamba mwadwala matenda opatsirana a hepatitis B, kapena mutakhala ndi vuto lililonse ku katemerayu, mungalangizidwe kuti musalandire katemera. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za katemera.
• Ngati munthu amene akutenga katemerayu sakumva bwino. Ngati muli ndi matenda ochepa, monga chimfine, mutha kulandira katemera lero. Ngati mukudwala pang'ono kapena pang'ono, muyenera kudikirira mpaka mutachira. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukulangizani.

Ndi mankhwala aliwonse, kuphatikiza katemera, pamakhala mwayi wazovuta. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa ndipo zimatha zokha, koma zotulukapo zazikulu ndizotheka.

Anthu ambiri omwe amalandira katemera wa hepatitis B alibe mavuto.

Kutsatira katemera wa hepatitis B ndi awa:

• Chisoni komwe kuwombera kunaperekedwa
• Kutentha kwa 99.9 ° F (37.7 ° C) kapena kupitilira apo

Mavutowa akachitika, amayamba kumene kuwombera ndipo amatha masiku 1 kapena awiri.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri za izi.

• Nthawi zina anthu amakomoka atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, kuphatikizapo katemera. Kukhala pansi kapena kugona pansi kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15 kumathandiza kupewa kukomoka ndi kuvulala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwa. Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati mukumva chizungulire, kapena masomphenya asintha kapena kulira m'makutu.
• Anthu ena amamva kupweteka paphewa, komwe kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri komanso kwakanthawi kuposa kupweteka komwe kumatha kutsatira jakisoni. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.
• Mankhwala aliwonse amatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, zimakhala pafupifupi 1 miliyoni miliyoni, ndipo zimatha kuchitika patangopita mphindi zochepa kuchokera patapita maola ochepa katemera. Monga momwe zilili ndi mankhwala aliwonse, pali mwayi wochepa kwambiri wa katemera woyambitsa matenda oopsa Chitetezo cha katemera nthawi zonse chimayang'aniridwa. Kuti mumve zambiri, pitani ku: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/

• Fufuzani chilichonse chomwe chimakudetsani nkhawa, monga zizindikilo za thupi lanu, kutentha thupi kwambiri, kapena machitidwe achilendo. kwambiri thupi lawo siligwirizana Zitha kuphatikizira ming'oma, kutupa kwa nkhope ndi mmero, kupuma movutikira, kugunda kwamtima, chizungulire, ndi kufooka. Izi zimayamba mphindi zochepa kufikira maora ochepa katemera atalandira.

• Ngati mukuganiza kuti ndi kwambiri thupi lawo siligwirizana kapena zina zadzidzidzi zomwe sizingadikire, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi. Popanda kutero, itanani kuchipatala chanu. Pambuyo pake, zomwe akuyankha ziyenera kufotokozedwera ku Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Dokotala wanu ayenera kulemba lipotili, kapena mutha kuyika malipoti kudzera pa tsamba la VAERS pa http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, kapena poyimbira 1-800-822-7967.

VAERS sapereka upangiri wazachipatala.

Dipatimenti ya National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) ndi pulogalamu yaboma yomwe idapangidwa kuti ipereke ndalama kwa anthu omwe mwina adavulala ndi katemera wina.

Anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti atha kuvulazidwa ndi katemera atha kuphunzira za pulogalamuyi komanso za kuyika pempholi poyimba foni 1-800-338-2382 kapena kupita patsamba la VICP ku http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Pali malire a nthawi yoperekera ndalama zakulipidwa.

• Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu. Atha kukupatsirani phukusi la katemera kapena angakuuzeni zina zidziwitso.
• Imbani foni ku dipatimenti yazazaumoyo yanu
• Lumikizanani ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Imbani 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) kapena pitani patsamba la CDC ku http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines.

Chidziwitso cha Katemera wa Hepatitis B. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku United States ndi Human Services / Center for Disease Control and Prevention Programme ya Katemera. 10/12/2018.

• Engerix-B^®
• Zowonjezera HB^®

• Comvax^® (okhala ndi Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b, Katemera wa Hepatitis B)
• Pediarix^® (okhala ndi Diphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Katemera wa Polio)
• Twinrix^® (okhala ndi Katemera wa Hepatitis A, Katemera wa Hepatitis B)

• Gawo #: DTaP-HepB-IPV
• HepA-HepB
• HepB
• Hib-HepB