Katemera wa Haemophilus influenzae wa b (Hib)

Haemophilus influenzae Matenda amtundu wa b (Hib) ndiwowopsa chifukwa cha bakiteriya. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza ana osakwana zaka 5. Zitha kukhudzanso achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda ena.

Mwana wanu amatha kutenga matenda a Hib pokhala pafupi ndi ana ena kapena achikulire omwe atha kukhala ndi bakiteriya ndipo osadziwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina. Ngati majeremusi amakhalabe pamphuno ndi pakhosi la mwanayo, mwanayo mwina sadzadwala. Koma nthawi zina majeremusi amafalikira m'mapapu kapena m'magazi, kenako Hib imatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu. Izi zimatchedwa matenda owopsa a Hib.

Asanalandire katemera wa Hib, matenda a Hib anali omwe amayambitsa matenda a meningitis pakati pa ana ochepera zaka 5 ku United States. Meningitis ndi matenda amkati mwa ubongo ndi msana. Zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi kugontha. Matenda a Hib amathanso kuyambitsa:

• chibayo
• kutupa kwakukulu pakhosi, kupangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta
• Matenda am'magazi, mafupa, mafupa, ndikuphimba kwa mtima
• imfa

Asanalandire katemera wa Hib, pafupifupi ana 20,000 ku United States ochepera zaka 5 adadwala matenda a Hib chaka chilichonse, ndipo pafupifupi 3 mpaka 6% mwa iwo amamwalira.

Katemera wa Hib amatha kuteteza matenda a Hib. Chiyambireni kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa Hib, kuchuluka kwa matenda a Hib owopsa kwatsika kuposa 99%. Ana ambiri angatenge matenda a Hib ngati tisiya katemera.

Katemera wosiyanasiyana wa Hib alipo. Mwana wanu adzalandira mankhwala atatu kapena anayi, kutengera katemera amene akugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mlingo wa katemera wa Hib nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa pazaka izi:

• Mlingo Woyamba: miyezi iwiri yakubadwa
• Mlingo Wachiwiri: miyezi inayi yakubadwa
• Mlingo Wachitatu: miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (ngati pakufunika, kutengera mtundu wa katemera)
• Kutsiriza / Mlingo Wowonjezera: miyezi 12 mpaka 15 yakubadwa

Katemera wa Hib atha kuperekedwa nthawi yofanana ndi katemera wina.

Katemera wa Hib atha kuperekedwa ngati katemera wophatikizira. Katemera wosakaniza amapangidwa pamene mitundu iwiri kapena iwiri ya katemera iphatikizidwa ndikupanga kamodzi, kuti katemera m'modzi ateteze ku matenda opitilira umodzi.

Ana opitilira zaka 5 komanso akulu nthawi zambiri safuna katemera wa Hib. Koma mwina atha kulimbikitsidwa kwa ana okalamba kapena achikulire omwe ali ndi asplenia kapena matenda a zenga, asanafike opaleshoni kuti achotse ndulu, kapena kutsatira kupatsira fupa. Zitha kulimbikitsidwanso kwa anthu azaka 5 mpaka 18 omwe ali ndi HIV. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti mumve zambiri.

Dokotala wanu kapena munthu amene akukupatsani katemera angakupatseni zambiri.

Katemera wa Hib sayenera kuperekedwa kwa makanda ochepera milungu isanu ndi umodzi yakubadwa.

Munthu yemwe adakhalapo ndi chiwopsezo chowopsa pambuyo poti katemera wa Hib wapita kale, OR ali ndi ziwengo zoyipa mbali iliyonse ya katemerayu, sayenera kulandira katemera wa Hib. Uzani amene akupatsani katemera za chifuwa chilichonse choopsa.

Anthu omwe akudwala pang'ono atha kulandira katemera wa Hib. Anthu omwe akudwala pang'ono kapena pang'ono ayenera kudikirira mpaka atachira. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati munthu amene akulandira katemerayu sakumva bwino tsiku lomwe kuwomberako kukukonzedwa.

Ndi mankhwala aliwonse, kuphatikiza katemera, pamakhala mwayi wazovuta. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa ndipo zimapita zokha. Zochita zazikulu ndizotheka koma ndizochepa.

Anthu ambiri omwe amalandira katemera wa Hib alibe mavuto.

Mavuto ochepa pambuyo pa katemera wa Hib

• kufiira, kutentha, kapena kutupa komwe kuwomberako kunaperekedwa
• malungo

Mavutowa si achilendo. Zikachitika, zimangoyamba kumene kuwombera ndipo zimatha masiku awiri kapena atatu.

Mavuto omwe angachitike mutalandira katemera aliyense

Mankhwala aliwonse amatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Katemera wa katemerayu ndi wosowa kwambiri, kuyerekezera ochepera 1 mwa milingo miliyoni, ndipo zitha kuchitika patangopita mphindi zochepa kuchokera patadutsa katemera.

Monga mankhwala aliwonse, pali mwayi wotalika kwambiri wa katemera wopweteketsa kapena wamwalira.

Ana okalamba, achinyamata, komanso achikulire amathanso kukumana ndi mavutowa atalandira katemera aliyense:

• Nthawi zina anthu amakomoka atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, kuphatikizapo katemera. Kukhala pansi kapena kugona pansi kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15 kumathandiza kupewa kukomoka, ndi kuvulala komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakugwa. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukumva chizungulire, kapena masomphenya asintha kapena kulira m'makutu.
• Anthu ena amamva kupweteka kwambiri paphewa ndipo zimawavuta kusuntha mkono womwe waponyera mfuti. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.

Chitetezo cha katemera nthawi zonse chimayang'aniridwa. Kuti mumve zambiri, pitani ku http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/.

Ndiyenera kuyang'ana chiyani?

• Fufuzani chilichonse chomwe chimakudetsani nkhawa, monga zizindikilo zakupsa, kutentha thupi kwambiri, kapena machitidwe achilendo.
• Zizindikiro zakusagwirizana kwambiri zimatha kuphatikizira ming'oma, kutupa kwa nkhope ndi mmero, kupuma movutikira, kugunda kwamtima, chizungulire, ndi kufooka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba mphindi zochepa kapena maola ochepa chitani katemera.

Kodi nditani?

• Ngati mukuganiza kuti ndizovuta kapena zovuta zina zomwe sizingadikire, itanani 9-1-1 ndikumutengera munthuyo kuchipatala chapafupi. Apo ayi, itanani dokotala wanu.
• Pambuyo pake, zomwe akuyankha ziyenera kufotokozedwera ku Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Dokotala wanu akhoza kulemba lipotili, kapena mutha kuzichita nokha kudzera pa tsamba la VAERS ku http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, kapena poyimbira 1-800-822-7967.

VAERS sapereka upangiri wazachipatala.

Dipatimenti ya National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) ndi pulogalamu yaboma yomwe idapangidwa kuti ipereke ndalama kwa anthu omwe mwina adavulala ndi katemera wina.

Anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti atha kuvulazidwa ndi katemera atha kuphunzira za pulogalamuyi komanso za kuyika pempholi poyimba foni 1-800-338-2382 kapena kupita patsamba la VICP ku http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Pali malire a nthawi yoperekera ndalama zakulipidwa.

• Funsani dokotala wanu. Atha kukupatsirani phukusi la katemera kapena angakuuzeni zina zidziwitso.
• Imbani foni ku dipatimenti yazazaumoyo yanu
• Lumikizanani ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Imbani 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) kapena pitani patsamba la CDC ku http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines.

Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b (Hib) Chidziwitso cha Katemera. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku United States ndi Human Services / Center for Disease Control and Prevention Programme ya Katemera. 4/2/2015.

• ActHIB^®
• Hiberix^®
• Zamadzimadzi Pedvax HIB^®

• Comvax^® (okhala ndi Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b, Hepatitis B)
• AmunaHibrix^® (okhala ndi Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b, Katemera wa Meningococcal)
• Pentacel^® (okhala ndi Diphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b, Katemera wa Polio)

• Kufotokozera: DTaP-IPV / Hib
• Hib
• Hib-HepB
• Hib-AmunaCY