Mayeso a Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB)

Zamkati

• Kodi mayeso a acid-fast bacillus (AFB) ndi ati?
• Kodi amagwiritsa ntchito chiyani?
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwa AFB?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani poyesedwa kwa AFB?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa pakuyesedwa kwa AFB?
• Zolemba

Kodi mayeso a acid-fast bacillus (AFB) ndi ati?

Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu komanso matenda ena. Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu, omwe amadziwika kuti TB, ndi matenda oyambitsa bakiteriya omwe amakhudza kwambiri mapapu. Zitha kukhudzanso ziwalo zina za thupi, kuphatikiza ubongo, msana, ndi impso. TB imafalikira kwa munthu wina kudzera mwa kutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula.

TB ikhoza kubisika kapena kugwira ntchito. Ngati muli ndi TB yobisika, mudzakhala ndi mabakiteriya a TB mthupi lanu koma simadzadwala ndipo simungathe kufalitsa matendawa kwa ena. Ngati muli ndi TB yogwira, mudzakhala ndi zizindikiro za matendawa ndipo mutha kufalitsa matendawa kwa ena.

Kuyesedwa kwa AFB nthawi zambiri kumalamulidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu cha TB. Mayeserowa amayang'ana kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya a AFB mu sputum yanu. Sputum ndi ntchofu zakuda zomwe zimatsokomola kuchokera m'mapapu. Ndi yosiyana ndi malovu kapena malovu.

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamayeso a AFB:

• AFB kupaka. Pakuyesa uku, chitsanzo chanu "chimapakidwa" pakapu yamagalasi ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu. Ikhoza kupereka zotsatira mu masiku 1-2. Zotsatirazi zitha kuwonetsa matenda omwe angakhalepo kapena mwina, koma sangapereke chidziwitso chotsimikizika.
• Chikhalidwe cha AFB. Pachiyesochi, mayesero anu amatengedwa kupita ku labu ndikuyika malo apadera olimbikitsira kukula kwa mabakiteriya. Chikhalidwe cha AFB chingatsimikizire kuti munthu ali ndi TB kapena matenda ena. Koma zimatenga masabata 6-8 kuti akule mabakiteriya okwanira kuti azindikire matenda.

Mayina ena: Kupaka ndi chikhalidwe cha AFB, chikhalidwe cha TB komanso chidwi, mycobacteria smear ndi chikhalidwe

Kodi amagwiritsa ntchito chiyani?

Mayeso a AFB amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuti apeze matenda opatsirana a chifuwa chachikulu (TB). Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira mitundu ina ya matenda a AFB. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda akhate, omwe amawopedwa kale, koma osowa komanso osavuta kuchiza omwe amakhudza misempha, maso, ndi khungu. Khungu nthawi zambiri limakhala lofiira komanso losalala, ndikumverera.
• Matenda ofanana ndi TB omwe amakhudza kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi HIV / AIDS komanso ena omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.

Mayeso a AFB atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa anthu omwe apezeka ndi TB. Kuyezetsa kumatha kuwonetsa ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito, komanso ngati matendawa angathe kufalikirabe kwa ena.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwa AFB?

Mungafunike kuyesedwa ku AFB ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu cha TB. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Chifuwa chomwe chimatenga milungu itatu kapena kupitilira apo
• Kutsokomola magazi ndi / kapena sputum
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Malungo
• Kutopa
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku
• Kuchepetsa thupi kosadziwika

TB yogwira imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo mbali zina za thupi kupatula mapapo. Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana kutengera ndi gawo lanji la thupi lomwe lakhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake mungafunike kuyesa ngati muli ndi:

• Ululu wammbuyo
• Magazi mkodzo wanu
• Mutu
• Ululu wophatikizana
• Kufooka

Mwinanso mungafunike kuyesedwa ngati muli ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa. Mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga TB ngati:

• Ndakhala ndikulumikizana kwambiri ndi munthu yemwe wapezeka ndi TB
• Khalani ndi HIV kapena matenda ena omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi
• Khalani kapena gwirani ntchito pamalo omwe muli kachilombo ka TB. Izi zikuphatikizapo malo osowa pokhala, nyumba zosungira okalamba, ndi ndende.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani poyesedwa kwa AFB?

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzafunika mtundu wa sputum wanu ku AFB smear komanso chikhalidwe cha AFB. Mayesero awiriwa nthawi zambiri amachitika nthawi imodzi. Kuti mupeze zitsanzo za sputum:

• Mudzafunsidwa kutsokomola kwambiri ndikulavulira mumtsuko wosabala. Muyenera kuchita izi masiku awiri kapena atatu motsatizana. Izi zimathandizira kuti zitsanzo zanu zikhale ndi mabakiteriya okwanira kuti ayesedwe.
• Ngati zikukuvutani kukhosomola sputum wokwanira, wothandizira wanu akhoza kukupemphani kuti mupume mu nkhungu yamchere yamchere (mchere) yomwe ingakuthandizeni kutsokomola kwambiri.
• Ngati simungathe kutsokomola sputum yokwanira, omwe amakupatsirani akhoza kuchita njira yotchedwa bronchoscopy. Pochita izi, mudzayamba kupeza mankhwala kuti musamve kuwawa. Kenako, chubu chowonda, chowunikira chidzaikidwa pakamwa panu kapena mphuno komanso mmaulendo anu. Zitsanzozo zitha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi kuyamwa kapena ndi burashi yaying'ono.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?

Simukukonzekera mwapadera za AFB smear kapena chikhalidwe.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?

Palibe chiopsezo chopereka sputum sampuli pokosola mu chidebe. Ngati muli ndi bronchoscopy, pakhosi panu pakhoza kumva kuwawa mukamachita izi. Palinso chiopsezo chochepa chotenga matenda ndikutuluka magazi pamalo pomwe nyereti yatengedwa.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Ngati zotsatira zanu pa AFB smear kapena chikhalidwe zidalibe, mwina mulibe TB yogwira ntchito. Zingatanthauzenso kuti panalibe mabakiteriya okwanira pachitsanzo kuti wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adziwe.

Ngati AFB smear yanu inali yabwino, zikutanthauza kuti mwina muli ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB kapena matenda ena, koma chikhalidwe cha AFB chimafunikira kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi vutoli. Zotsatira zachikhalidwe zimatha kutenga milungu ingapo, kuti omwe akukuthandizani asankhe kuchiza matenda anu pakadali pano.

Ngati chikhalidwe chanu cha AFB chinali chabwino, zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi TB yogwira kapena mtundu wina wa matenda a AFB. Chikhalidwe chimatha kuzindikira mtundu wamatenda omwe muli nawo. Mukapezeka, omwe akukuthandizani amatha kuyitanitsa "mayeso okhudzidwa" pachitsanzo chanu. Kuyesedwa kwa chiwopsezo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kudziwa kuti ndi maantibayotiki ati omwe angakupatseni chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso pazotsatira zanu, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

Dziwani zambiri zamayeso a labotale, magawo owerengera, ndi zotsatira zakumvetsetsa.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa pakuyesedwa kwa AFB?

Ngati simunalandire chithandizo, TB imatha kupha. Koma matenda ambiri a TB amatha kuchiritsidwa ngati mutamwa maantibayotiki molamulidwa ndi omwe amakuthandizani. Kuchiza TB kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kuchiza matenda ena amtundu wa mabakiteriya. Pambuyo pa milungu ingapo ya maantibayotiki, simudzakhalanso opatsirana, koma mudzakhalabe ndi TB. Kuti muchiritse TB, muyenera kumwa maantibayotiki kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi inayi. Kutalika kwa nthawi kumadalira thanzi lanu lonse, zaka, ndi zina. Ndikofunika kumwa maantibayotiki malinga ngati omwe akukupatsani akukuuzani, ngakhale mutakhala bwino. Kuyima msanga kungayambitse matendawa.

Zolemba

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Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.