Mlembi: Robert Simon
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 19 Kuni 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 16 Novembala 2024
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Zamkati

Kodi acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya m'magazi ya lymphocytic (ALL) ndi khansa yamagazi ndi mafupa. MU ZONSE, pali kuwonjezeka kwa mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi (WBC) lotchedwa lymphocyte. Chifukwa ndi khansa yovuta, kapena yaukali, imayenda mwachangu.

ZONSE ndi khansa yofala kwambiri yaubwana. Ana ochepera zaka 5 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Ikhozanso kupezeka kwa akuluakulu.

Pali zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri za ZONSE, B-cell ZONSE ndi T-cell ZONSE. Mitundu yambiri ya ALL imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mwayi wabwino wokhululukidwa mwa ana. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ONSE alibe chiwopsezo chokwanira, koma zikuwongolera pang'onopang'ono.

National Cancer Institute (NCI) ikuyerekeza kuti anthu 5,960 ku United States alandila matenda a ALL mu 2018.

Kodi zizindikiro za ZONSE ndi ziti?

Kukhala ndi ZONSE kumawonjezera mwayi wanu wotuluka magazi ndikupanga matenda. Zizindikiro ndi zizindikilo za ZONSE zitha kuphatikizaponso:

  • khungu (pallor)
  • Kutuluka magazi m'kamwa
  • malungo
  • mikwingwirima kapena purpura (kutuluka magazi pakhungu)
  • petechiae (ofiira kapena ofiira mawanga pathupi)
  • Lymphadenopathy (yodziwika ndi ma lymph node owonjezera m'khosi, m'manja, kapena m'dera lakubu)
  • kukulitsa chiwindi
  • kukulitsa ndulu
  • kupweteka kwa mafupa
  • kupweteka pamodzi
  • kufooka
  • kutopa
  • kupuma movutikira
  • kukulitsa kwa testicular
  • cranial mitsempha palsies

Kodi zimayambitsa ZONSE ndi ziti?

Zomwe zimayambitsa ZONSE sizikudziwikabe.


Kodi ndi zoopsa zanji ZONSE?

Ngakhale madotolo sanadziwebe zomwe zimayambitsa ZONSE, apeza zoopsa zochepa za vutoli.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa ma radiation

Anthu omwe adakumana ndi ma radiation ochulukirapo, monga omwe apulumuka pa ngozi ya zida za nyukiliya, awonetsa chiopsezo chowonjezeka kwa ONSE.

Malinga ndi a 1994, omwe adapulumuka ku bomba la atomiki pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse anali ndi chiopsezo chowopsa cha khansa ya m'magazi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena zisanu ndi zitatu atawonekera. Kafukufuku wotsatira wa 2013 adalimbikitsa kulumikizana pakati pakuwonekera kwa bomba la atomiki ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi leukemia.

Kafukufuku amene anachitika m'ma 1950 adawonetsa kuti ma fetus omwe ali ndi radiation, monga X-ray, mkati mwa miyezi yoyamba yakukula amakhala pachiwopsezo kwa ONSE. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa walephera kubwereza izi.

onaninso kuopsa kosalandira X-ray yofunikira, ngakhale mutakhala ndi pakati, itha kupitilira zovuta zilizonse zochokera ku radiation. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zovuta zilizonse zomwe muli nazo.


Kuwonekera kwa mankhwala

Kuwonetsedwa kwakanthawi kwa mankhwala ena, monga benzene kapena chemotherapy, kumagwirizana kwambiri ndikupanga ZONSE.

Mankhwala ena a chemotherapy angayambitse khansa yachiwiri. Ngati munthu ali ndi khansa yachiwiri, zikutanthauza kuti adapezeka ndi khansa ndipo, pambuyo pake, adadwala khansa yosiyana ndi yosagwirizana.

Mankhwala ena a chemo atha kukuika pachiwopsezo chotenga ZONSE ngati khansa yachiwiri. Komabe, pachimake myeloid leukemia (AML) chimatha kukhala khansa yachiwiri kuposa ZONSE.

Mukakhala ndi khansa yachiwiri, inu ndi dokotala mudzayesetsa kupeza njira yatsopano yothandizira.

Matenda opatsirana

Kafukufuku wa 2010 adanenanso kuti matenda osiyanasiyana amtundu wa virus adalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka kwa ONSE.

Maselo a T ndi mtundu wina wa WBC. Kutengera kachilombo ka m'magazi ka T-cell leukemia-1 (HTLV-1) kumatha kuyambitsa mtundu wosowa wa T-cell ONSE.

Vuto la Epstein-Barr (EBV), lomwe nthawi zambiri limayambitsa matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis, lalumikizidwa ndi ALL and Burkitt's lymphoma.


Ma syndromes obadwa nawo

ZONSE sizikuwoneka ngati matenda obadwa nawo. Komabe, ma syndromes ena obadwa nawo amakhalapo ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumabweretsa chiopsezo kwa ONSE. Zikuphatikizapo:

  • Matenda a Down
  • Matenda a Klinefelter
  • Kuchepa kwa magazi kwa Fanconi
  • Matenda a Bloom
  • ataxia-telangiectasia
  • neurofibromatosis

Anthu omwe ali ndi abale ndi abale ONSE ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha matendawa.

Mtundu ndi kugonana

Anthu ena ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kwa ONSE, ngakhale kusiyanasiyana kumeneku sikumvetsetsedwa bwino. Anthu a ku Puerto Rico ndi a Caucasus awonetsa chiopsezo chachikulu kwa ONSE kuposa anthu aku Africa-America. Amuna ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kuposa chachikazi.

Zina zowopsa

Akatswiri aphunziranso zotsatirazi momwe zingathere popanga ZONSE:

  • kusuta ndudu
  • Kutenga nthawi yayitali mafuta a dizilo
  • mafuta
  • mankhwala ophera tizilombo
  • minda yamagetsi

Kodi ONSE amapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu ayenera kumaliza mayeso athunthu ndikuyeza magazi ndi mafupa kuti apeze ZONSE. Mosakayikira adzafunsa za kupweteka kwa mafupa, chifukwa ndichimodzi mwazizindikiro zoyambirira za ONSE.

Nazi zina mwazomwe zingachitike pakuzindikira matenda omwe mungafune:

Kuyesa magazi

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi. Anthu omwe ali ndi ONSE atha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwamagazi komwe kumawonetsa hemoglobin yotsika komanso kuchuluka kwamagazi. Kuwerengera kwawo kwa WBC kuthe kapena sikungakwere.

Kupaka magazi kumatha kuwonetsa maselo osakhazikika omwe amayenda m'magazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mafupa.

Kukhumba kwamfupa

Kulakalaka kwa mafupa a mafupa kumaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha mafupa m'chiuno mwanu kapena m'chifuwa. Amapereka njira yoyesera kukula kwamatenda am'mafupa ndikuchepetsa kupanga maselo ofiira.

Zimaperekanso dokotala wanu kuti ayese dysplasia. Dysplasia ndikukula kwakanthawi kwamaselo osakhwima pamaso pa leukocytosis (kuchuluka kwa WBC count).

Kuyesa mayeso

X-ray pachifuwa imatha kulola dokotala kuti awone ngati mediastinum, kapena magawo apakati pachifuwa chanu, afutukuka.

Kujambula kwa CT kumathandiza dokotala kudziwa ngati khansa yafalikira ku ubongo wanu, msana, kapena ziwalo zina za thupi lanu.

Mayesero ena

Tepi ya msana imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika ngati maselo a khansa afalikira kumadzi am'mimba mwanu. Electrococardiogram (EKG) ndi echocardiogram yamtima wanu itha kuchitidwa kuti muwone ngati kwamitsempha yamagetsi imagwira ntchito.

Kuyesedwa kwa seramu urea ndi ntchito ya impso ndi chiwindi ingathenso kuchitidwa.

Kodi onse amathandizidwa bwanji?

Kuchiza kwa ZONSE cholinga chake ndikubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwamagazi anu. Izi zikachitika ndipo fupa lanu limawoneka labwinobwino pansi pa microscope, khansa yanu ikukhululukidwa.

Chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yamtunduwu.Kwa chithandizo choyamba, mungafunike kukhala m'chipatala kwa milungu ingapo. Pambuyo pake, mutha kupitiliza kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala.

Mukakhala ndi kuwerengera kocheperako kwa WBC, muyenera kukhala nthawi yogona. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mumatetezedwa ku matenda opatsirana komanso mavuto ena.

Mafupa am'mafupa kapena ma cell a stem angalimbikitsidwe ngati khansa yanu ya m'magazi siyiyankha chemotherapy. Maora osindikizidwa atha kutengedwa kuchokera kwa m'bale yemwe ndiwofananira.

Kodi mitengo yonse ndi yotani kwa ONSE?

Mwa anthu aku America pafupifupi 6,000 omwe adapezeka ndi ALL mu 2018, American Cancer Society ikuyerekeza kuti 3,290 adzakhala amuna ndipo 2,670 adzakhala akazi.

NCI ikuyerekeza kuti ZONSE zitha kufa ndi 1,470 mu 2018. Pafupifupi 830 amafa akuyembekezeka kuchitika mwa amuna, ndipo imfa za 640 zikuyembekezeka kuchitika mwa akazi.

Ngakhale milandu yonse ya ONSE imawonekera mwa ana ndi achinyamata, pafupifupi 85% yaimfa imachitika mwa akuluakulu, akuti NCI. Ana amakhala bwino kuposa achikulire polekerera mwankhanza.

Malinga ndi NCI, zaka zisanu kupulumuka kwa anthu aku America azaka zonse ndi 68.1%. Kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu kwa ana aku America kwazungulira.

Kodi malingaliro a anthu omwe ali ndi ZONSE ndi otani?

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatsimikizira momwe munthu amaonera zinthu. Amaphatikizapo zaka, ZONSE subtype, kuwerengera kwa WBC, komanso ngati ZONSE zafalikira ku ziwalo zapafupi kapena cerebrospinal fluid.

Ziwerengero za anthu opulumuka sizikhala zazikulu monga kupulumuka kwa ana, koma zikuwongolera pang'onopang'ono.

Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, pakati pa 80 ndi 90 peresenti ya achikulire omwe ONSE amapita kukhululukidwa. Komabe, pafupifupi theka la iwo amawona khansa ya m'magazi ikubwerera. Amazindikira kuti kuchiritsa kwa akulu omwe ali ndi ALL ndi 40%. Wamkulu amawerengedwa "kuchiritsidwa" ngati akhala okhululuka kwa zaka zisanu.

Ana omwe ali ndi ANTHU onse ali ndi mwayi waukulu kuti akuchiritsidwa.

Kodi ZONSE zimapewa bwanji?

Palibe chifukwa chotsimikizika cha ZONSE. Komabe, mutha kupewa zinthu zingapo zoopsa zake, monga:

  • Kutulutsa kwa radiation
  • kukhudzana mankhwala
  • kukhudzana ndi matenda a tizilombo
  • kusuta ndudu

kuwonetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mafuta a dizilo, mafuta, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi magetsi amagetsi

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