Kodi Akathisia ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Akathisia vs. tardive dykinesia
• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Chithandizo cha Akathisia
• Akathisia zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa
• Kodi amapezeka bwanji?
• Chiwonetsero

Chidule

Akathisia ndi vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala wopanda nkhawa komanso kuti akufunika mwachangu. Dzinalo limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek loti "akathemi," lomwe limatanthauza "kusakhala pansi".

Akathisia ndi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala achikulire, oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amisala monga bipolar disorder ndi schizophrenia, koma amathanso kuchitika ndi ma antipsychotic atsopano. Pakati pa 20 ndi 75 peresenti ya anthu omwe amamwa mankhwalawa amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake, makamaka m'masabata angapo oyamba atayamba mankhwala.

Chikhalidwechi chagawidwa m'magulu kutengera pomwe chimayamba:

• Acute akathisia Amakula mutangoyamba kumwa mankhwalawa, ndipo amatenga miyezi yosakwana isanu ndi umodzi.
• Tardive akathisia Amayamba miyezi kapena zaka mutamwa mankhwala.
• Matenda akathisia Zimakhala kupitirira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Akathisia vs. tardive dykinesia

Madokotala amatha kulakwitsa akathisia chifukwa cha vuto lina loyenda lotchedwa tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia ndi zotsatira zina zoyipa za mankhwala ndi antipsychotic mankhwala. Zimayambitsa kuyenda kosasintha - nthawi zambiri kumaso, mikono, ndi thunthu. Akathisia amakhudza kwambiri miyendo.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pazikhalidwe ndikuti anthu omwe ali ndi tardive dyskinesia sazindikira kuti akuyenda. Omwe ali ndi akathisia akudziwa kuti akusuntha, ndipo mayendedwe amawakhumudwitsa.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Anthu omwe ali ndi akathisia amakhala ndi chidwi chosalamulirika chosuntha komanso kusowa mtendere. Kuti athetse vutoli, amachita maulendo obwereza monga awa:

• akugwedeza uku ndi uku ataimirira kapena atakhala
• kusuntha kulemera kuchokera pa mwendo umodzi kupita ku unzake
• kuyenda m'malo
• kuyenda
• kusuntha uku mukuyenda
• kukweza mapazi ngati kuti mukuyenda
• kuwoloka ndi kutsegula miyendo kapena kupukuta mwendo umodzi mutakhala

Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• mavuto kapena mantha
• kupsa mtima
• kusaleza mtima

Chithandizo cha Akathisia

Dokotala wanu ayamba kukuchotsani mankhwala omwe adayambitsa akathisia. Mankhwala angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira akathisia, kuphatikizapo:

• mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi
• benzodiazepines, mtundu wa bata
• mankhwala anticholinergic
• mankhwala odana ndi mavairasi

Vitamini B-6 amathanso kuthandizira. M'maphunziro, kuchuluka kwa mavitamini B-6 okwanira (1,200 milligrams) kumathandizira kusintha kwa akathisia. Komabe, si milandu yonse ya akathisia yomwe ingathe kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala.

Akathisia ndikosavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza. Ngati mukufuna mankhwala antipsychotic, dokotala akuyenera kukuyambitsani pamlingo wotsika kwambiri ndikuwonjezera pang'ono pokha.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atsopano a antipsychotic kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha akathisia. Komabe, pali ena omwe ngakhale mankhwala atsopano opatsirana pogonana amatha kuyambitsa chizindikirochi.

Akathisia zimayambitsa komanso zoopsa

Akathisia ndi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala opatsirana ndi ma psychotic monga awa:

• chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
• flupenthixol (Fluanxol)
• fluphenazine (Prolixin)
• haloperidol (Haldol)
• loxapine (Loxitane)
• molindone (Moban)
• pimozide (Orap)
• prchlorperazine (Compro, Compazine)
• thioridazine (Mellaril)
• Chithiram (Navane)
• trifluoperazine (Stelazine)

Madokotala sakudziwa chifukwa chenicheni cha zotsatirazi. Zitha kuchitika chifukwa mankhwala a antipsychotic amaletsa zolandilira za dopamine muubongo. Dopamine ndi mankhwala amithenga omwe amathandiza kuwongolera mayendedwe. Komabe, ma neurotransmitters ena kuphatikiza acetylcholine, serotonin, ndi GABA posachedwapa atenga chidwi kuti mwina atenga nawo gawo pamtunduwu.

Akathisia sichidziwika kwenikweni ndi ma antipsychotic am'badwo wachiwiri. Komabe, ngakhale ma antipsychotic atsopano nthawi zina amatha kuyambitsa izi.

Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwalawa atha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha akathisia:

• kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• zotseka za calcium
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• mankhwala omwe amachititsa vertigo
• mankhwala opatsirana asanayambe opaleshoni

Mutha kukhala ndi izi ngati:

• mumathandizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo am'badwo woyamba
• mumalandira mlingo waukulu wa mankhwalawa
• dokotala wanu amakulitsa mlingo mofulumira kwambiri
• ndiwe wamkulu msinkhu kapena wamkulu

Matenda ochepa adalumikizananso ndi akathisia, kuphatikiza:

• Matenda a Parkinson
• encephalitis, mtundu wa kutupa kwa ubongo
• zoopsa kuvulala kwaubongo (TBI)

Kodi amapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu adzafunsa za matenda anu. Mukamamuyesa mayeso, adotolo amakupenyetsani kuti muwone ngati:

• kubisa
• nthawi zambiri amasintha malo
• yambitsani ndi kusuntha miyendo yanu
• dinani mapazi anu
• gwedezani mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mutakhala
• sungani miyendo yanu

Mungafunike mayesero kutsimikizira kuti muli ndi akathisia, osati mkhalidwe wofanana ndiwu:

• kusokonezeka chifukwa cha matenda amisala
• matenda a mwendo osakhazikika (RLS)
• nkhawa
• kusiya mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• tardive dyskinesia

Chiwonetsero

Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala omwe adayambitsa akathisia, chizindikirocho chiyenera kutha. Komabe, pali anthu ena omwe angapitilize ndi vuto lochepa, ngakhale atasiya mankhwalawo.

Ndikofunika kuti akathisia amuthandize mwachangu. Mukasiyidwa sichitha kuchititsa kuti machitidwe amisala azikula. Matendawa amathanso kukulepheretsani kumwa mankhwala omwe muyenera kuchiza matenda amisala.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi akathisia akhala ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha kapena achiwawa. Akathisia amathanso kukulitsa chiopsezo cha tardive dyskinesia.