Wotsutsa

Zamkati

• Mndandanda wa anticholinergics
• Momwe anticholinergics imagwirira ntchito
• Ntchito
• Machenjezo
• Kutopa ndi kutentha
• Bongo ndi mowa
• Zovuta
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu
• Mfundo yofunika

Za anticholinergics

Anticholinergics ndi mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa zochita za. Acetylcholine ndi neurotransmitter, kapena messenger messenger. Imasamutsa ma siginolo pakati pama cell ena kuti akhudze momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito.

Anticholinergics imatha kuthana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

• kusadziletsa kwamikodzo
• chikhodzodzo chopitirira muyeso (OAB)
• matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD)
• mitundu ina ya poyizoni

Amathandizanso kuletsa kuyenda kosafunikira kwa minofu yokhudzana ndi matenda ena monga matenda a Parkinson. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito asanachite opareshoni kuti athandizire kukhalabe ndi magwiridwe antchito amthupi pomwe munthu amalandira chithandizo.

Werengani pa:

• mndandanda wa mankhwala anticholinergic
• zambiri zamomwe amagwirira ntchito
• Zomwe muyenera kudziwa paziwopsezo zawo ndi zoyipa zawo

Mndandanda wa anticholinergics

Anticholinergics amapezeka kokha ndi mankhwala a dokotala. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• mankhwala (Atropen)
• beladonna alkaloids
• benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)
• clidinium
• cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
• darifenacin (Enablex)
• dicylomine
• mankhwala a fesoterodine (Toviaz)
• flavoxate (Urispas)
• glycopyrrolate
• mankhwala a hydrobromide
• hyoscyamine (Levsinex)
• ipratropium (Atrovent)
• orphenadrine
• oxybutynin (Ditropan XL)
• propantheline (ovomereza-banthine)
• scopolamine
• mankhwala
• solifenacin (VESIcare)
• tiotropium (Spiriva)
• mavitamini (Detrol)
• chithapolodi
• trospium

Ngakhale amadziwika kuti antihistamine yomwe imayenera kutengedwa ngati chifuwa komanso ngati tulo, diphenhydramine (Benadryl) imakhalanso ndi zotsatira za anticholinergic.

Iliyonse ya mankhwalawa imagwira ntchito pochiza matenda ena ake. Dokotala wanu amasankha mankhwala abwino kwambiri pamkhalidwe wanu.

Ma anticholinergics ena amachokera kuzomera za banja lowopsa la nightshade lotchedwa Solanaceae. Kuwotcha mizu, zimayambira, ndi mbewu za zomerazi zimatulutsa anticholinergics.Kutsekemera kwa utsi kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka mazana ambiri kuchiza matenda olepheretsa kupuma.

Momwe anticholinergics imagwirira ntchito

Anticholinergics imaletsa acetylcholine kuti isamangike kuzilandira zake pamaselo ena amitsempha. Amalepheretsa zochita zomwe zimatchedwa chidwi cha parasympathetic.

Zovuta za mitsempha izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusuntha kwa minofu mwa:

• thirakiti la m'mimba
• mapapo
• thirakiti
• ziwalo zina za thupi lanu

Zovuta zamitsempha zimathandizira kuwongolera ntchito monga:

• malovu
• chimbudzi
• pokodza
• kutulutsa ntchofu

Kuletsa ma acetylcholine kungachepetse:

• kusuntha kwa minofu
• chimbudzi
• kutulutsa ntchofu

Ichi ndichifukwa chake mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina, monga:

• kusunga mkodzo
• okhala ndi pakamwa pouma

Ntchito

Anticholinergics amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD)
• chikhodzodzo chopitirira muyeso ndi kusadziletsa
• matenda am'mimba, monga kutsegula m'mimba
• mphumu
• chizungulire ndi matenda oyenda
• poyizoni yoyambitsidwa ndi poizoni monga organophosphates kapena muscarine, omwe amapezeka m'matenda ophera tizilombo komanso bowa wakupha
• Zizindikiro za matenda a Parkinson, monga kusuntha kwaminyewa modzidzimutsa

Anticholinergics itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kupumula kwa minofu panthawi yochita opaleshoni kuti muthandizire mankhwala oletsa ululu. Amathandiza:

• sungani kugunda kwa mtima bwino
• pumulani munthuyo
• amachepetsa kutulutsa kwa malovu

Madokotala ena amapatsa anticholinergics kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito polemba kuti athetse thukuta kwambiri. Ma anticholinergics omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza ndi awa:

• kirimu cha glycopyrrolate
• mapiritsi a oxybutynin

Machenjezo

Monga mankhwala ambiri, anticholinergics amabwera ndi machenjezo angapo.

Kutopa ndi kutentha

Anticholinergics imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa thukuta lanu, lomwe lingapangitse kutentha kwa thupi lanu kukwera. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, samalani kuti musatenthe msanga nthawi:

• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• malo osambira otentha
• nyengo yotentha

Kuchepetsa thukuta kumatha kukuyikani pachiwopsezo chodwala kutentha.

Bongo ndi mowa

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwambiri kumatha kubweretsa chikomokere kapena kufa kumene. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati mutamwa anticholinergics ndi mowa. Zizindikiro za bongo ndi monga:

• chizungulire
• kusinza kwambiri
• malungo
• kwambiri kuyerekezera zinthu m`maganizo
• chisokonezo
• kuvuta kupuma
• kusakhazikika komanso kuyankhula mosalankhula
• kugunda kwamtima mwachangu
• kutentha ndi kutentha kwa khungu

Ngati mukuganiza kuti inu kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa watenga mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso, itanani dokotala wanu kapena funsani malangizo kuchokera ku American Association of Poison Control Center ku 1-800-222-1222 kapena kudzera pa chida chawo pa intaneti.

Ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi pomwepo.

Zovuta

Anticholinergics itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mikhalidwe yambiri, koma si ya aliyense. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwalawa samaperekedwa kwa anthu achikulire.

Ma Anticholinergics amadziwika kuti amachititsa chisokonezo, kuiwala kukumbukira, komanso kuwonongeka kwamaganizidwe mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 65. M'malo mwake, aposachedwa agwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito anticholinergics ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amisala.

Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito anticholinergics:

• myasthenia gravis
• hyperthyroidism
• khungu
• kukulitsa prostate
• matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi)
• kutseka kwamikodzo
• kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima (tachycardia)
• kulephera kwa mtima
• pakamwa pouma kwambiri
• chophukacho
• kudzimbidwa kwakukulu
• matenda a chiwindi
• Matenda a Down

Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi izi. Komanso, uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi mbiri ya ziwengo ku anticholinergics.

American Geriatrics Society ikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a anticholinergic mwa achikulire. Izi ndichifukwa choti achikulire atha kukhala ndi zotulukapo zosafunikira kuposa achinyamata.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa moyenera, zovuta zimatha kuchitika. Zotsatira zoyipa za anticholinergics zimadalira mankhwala ndi mlingo womwe mumamwa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza:

• pakamwa pouma
• kusawona bwino
• kudzimbidwa
• Kusinza
• kukhalitsa
• kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo
• mavuto okumbukira
• kuvuta kukodza
• chisokonezo
• delirium
• kuchepa thukuta
• kuchepa malovu

ya anticholinergics, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, adalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amisala. Ngati mwapatsidwa imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndipo mukudandaula za vutoli, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Anticholinergics itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukuganiza kuti imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ingakuthandizeni, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Dokotala wanu amatha kudziwa ngati chithandizo ndi anticholinergic chingakhale njira yabwino kwa inu. Akhozanso kuyankha mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo okhudza:

• zoopsa
• zotsatira zoyipa
• zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera ndi chithandizo

Mfundo yofunika

Mankhwala oletsa anticholinergic amaletsa ntchito ya neurotransmitter yotchedwa acetylcholine. Izi zimalepheretsa zikhumbo zamitsempha zomwe zimayambitsa kusuntha kwa minofu mosiyanasiyana ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana amthupi.

Mankhwalawa amatha kuthana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana, kuyambira chikhodzodzo chopitilira muyeso mpaka kusokonekera kwam'mapapo.