Aphasia

Zamkati

• Kodi aphasia ndi chiyani?
• Kodi zizindikiro za aphasia ndi ziti?
• Mitundu ya aphasia
• Wabwino aphasia
• Osadziwika bwino aphasia
• Kuchita aphasia
• Aphasia yapadziko lonse
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa aphasia?
• Zimayambitsa aphasia kwakanthawi
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha aphasia?
• Kuzindikira aphasia
• Kuchiza aphasia
• Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi aphasia ali ndi chiyembekezo chotani?
• Kupewa aphasia

Kodi aphasia ndi chiyani?

Aphasia ndi vuto lolumikizana lomwe limachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo m'dera limodzi kapena angapo omwe amayang'anira chilankhulo. Itha kusokoneza kulumikizana kwanu kwamawu, kulumikizana kolemba, kapena zonse ziwiri. Zingayambitse mavuto ndi kuthekera kwanu:

• werengani
• lembani
• lankhulani
• kumvetsetsa zolankhula
• mverani

Malinga ndi National Aphasia Association, anthu aku America pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ali ndi matenda enaake.

Kodi zizindikiro za aphasia ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za aphasia zimasiyanasiyana pang'ono pang'ono. Zimadalira komwe kuwonongeko kumachitika muubongo wanu komanso kuopsa kwake.

Aphasia ingakhudze wanu:

• Kulankhula
• kumvetsetsa
• kuwerenga
• kulemba
• kulankhulana momasuka, komwe kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ndi ziganizo
• kulankhulana kovomerezeka, komwe kumaphatikizapo kumvetsetsa mawu a ena

Zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza kulumikizana momasuka zitha kukhala:

• kulankhula mwachidule, ziganizo zosakwanira kapena mawu
• kuyankhula m'mawu omwe ena sangamvetse
• kugwiritsa ntchito mawu olakwika kapena mawu opanda pake
• kugwiritsa ntchito mawu molakwika

Zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza kulumikizana momvera zitha kukhala:

• kuvuta kumvetsetsa zolankhula za anthu ena
• zovuta kutsatira mawu achangu
• kusamvetsetsa mawu ophiphiritsa

Mitundu ya aphasia

Mitundu inayi yayikulu ya aphasia ndi iyi:

• bwino
• osadziwitsa
• kuyendetsa
• padziko lonse

Wabwino aphasia

Fluasia aphasia amatchedwanso Wernicke's aphasia. Zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa mbali yakumanzere ya ubongo wanu. Ngati muli ndi mtundu wa aphasia, mumatha kuyankhula koma mumavutika kumvetsetsa ena akamalankhula. Ngati muli ndi aphasia bwino, mwina mungachite izi:

• Kutaya kumvetsetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo molondola
• amakonda kulankhula m'mawu amtali, ovuta omwe alibe tanthauzo ndipo amakhala ndi mawu olakwika kapena opanda pake
• osazindikira kuti ena sangakumvetseni

Osadziwika bwino aphasia

Nonfluent aphasia amatchedwanso Broca's aphasia. Zimaphatikizaponso kuwonongeka kwa mbali yakumanzere kwaubongo wanu. Ngati muli ndi aphasia osachita bwino, mwina:

• lankhulani m'mawu achidule, osakwanira
• athe kupereka mauthenga ofunikira, koma mwina mungasowe mawu ena
• sangathe kumvetsetsa zomwe ena anena
• amakhumudwa chifukwa mumazindikira kuti ena sangakumvetseni
• khalani ofooka kapena olumala kumanja kwa thupi lanu

Kuchita aphasia

Kuchita aphasia kumakhala ndi vuto kubwereza mawu kapena mawu ena. Ngati muli ndi mtundu wa aphasia, mumvetsetsa ena akamalankhula. Ndizothekanso kuti ena akumvetsetsa zolankhula zanu koma mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kubwereza mawu ndikupanga zolakwika zina polankhula.

Aphasia yapadziko lonse

Global aphasia imakhudzanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mbali yakumanzere ya ubongo wanu. Ngati muli ndi mtundu wa aphasia, mwina:

• kukhala ndi mavuto akulu kugwiritsa ntchito mawu
• kukhala ndi mavuto akulu kumvetsetsa mawu
• sangakwanitse kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ochepa palimodzi

Nchiyani chimayambitsa aphasia?

Aphasia imachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa gawo limodzi kapena angapo amubongo wanu omwe amalamulira chilankhulo. Zikawonongeka, zimatha kusokoneza magazi m'malo amenewa. Popanda oxygen ndi michere kuchokera m'magazi anu, maselo am'magawo amubongo anu amafa.

Aphasia ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha:

• chotupa muubongo
• matenda
• misala kapena matenda ena amitsempha
• matenda osachiritsika
• kuvulala pamutu
• sitiroko

Sitiroko ndi yomwe imayambitsa aphasia. Malinga ndi National Aphasia Association, aphasia imapezeka mwa anthu 25 mpaka 40% omwe adachitapo sitiroko.

Zimayambitsa aphasia kwakanthawi

Kugwidwa kapena kupweteka kwa mutu kumatha kuyambitsa aphasia kwakanthawi.Aphasia wosakhalitsa amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha kuukira kwanthawi yayitali (TIA), yomwe imasokoneza kwakanthawi magazi kulowa muubongo wanu. TIA nthawi zambiri imatchedwa minister. Zotsatira za TIA zikuphatikiza:

• kufooka
• dzanzi la ziwalo zina za thupi
• kuvuta kuyankhula
• kuvuta kumvetsetsa mawu

TIA ndiyosiyana ndi sitiroko chifukwa zotsatira zake ndizosakhalitsa.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha aphasia?

Aphasia imakhudza anthu azaka zonse, kuphatikiza ana. Popeza zikwapu ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a aphasia, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi aphasia ndi azaka zapakati kapena kupitilira apo.

Kuzindikira aphasia

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti muli ndi aphasia, atha kuyitanitsa mayeso azithunzi kuti apeze komwe kumayambitsa vutoli. Kujambula kwa CT kapena MRI kumatha kuwathandiza kuzindikira komwe kuli kuwonongeka kwa ubongo wanu.

Inuyo adokotala amathanso kukuwonani ngati muli ndi aphasia mukamalandira chithandizo cha kuvulala kwaubongo kapena sitiroko. Mwachitsanzo, atha kuyesa kuyesa kwanu:

• tsatirani malamulo
• mayina azinthu
• kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana
• yankhani mafunso
• lembani mawu

Ngati muli ndi aphasia, katswiri wazachilankhulo angakuthandizeni kuzindikira zovuta zanu zoyankhulirana. Mukamayesedwa, ayesa kuthekera kwanu:

• lankhulani momveka bwino
• fotokozerani mfundo mogwirizana
• kucheza ndi ena
• werengani
• lembani
• kumvetsa chilankhulo ndi mawu
• gwiritsani ntchito njira zina zoyankhulirana
• kumeza

Kuchiza aphasia

Dokotala wanu amalangiza chithandizo cha chilankhulo kuti muchiritse aphasia. Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono. Muyenera kuyamba msanga mutavulala muubongo. Dongosolo lanu lachithandizo lingaphatikizepo:

• kuchita masewero olimbitsa luso lanu lolankhulana
• kugwira ntchito m'magulu kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito luso lanu lolankhulana
• kuyesa maluso anu olankhulirana m'zochitika zenizeni
• kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zolankhulirana, monga manja, zojambula, komanso kulumikizana pakompyuta
• kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta kuti mumve mawu ndi mawu
• kulimbikitsa kutenga nawo mbali pabanja kukuthandizani kulumikizana kunyumba

Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi aphasia ali ndi chiyembekezo chotani?

Ngati muli ndi aphasia kwakanthawi chifukwa cha TIA kapena migraine, mwina simusowa chithandizo. Ngati muli ndi mtundu wina wa aphasia, mutha kupezanso chilankhulo mpaka mwezi umodzi mutatha kuwonongeka kwaubongo. Komabe, sizokayikitsa kuti maluso anu olumikizirana athunthu abwerera.

Zinthu zingapo zimatsimikizira malingaliro anu:

• zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• komwe ubongo wawonongeka
• kuopsa kwa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• zaka zanu
• thanzi lanu lonse
• cholinga chanu chotsatira dongosolo lanu la mankhwala

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumve zambiri za matenda anu komanso malingaliro anu kwakanthawi.

Kupewa aphasia

Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa aphasia sizitetezedwa, monga zotupa zamaubongo kapena matenda opatsirana. Komabe, chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha aphasia ndi sitiroko. Ngati muchepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko, mutha kuchepetsa ngozi yanu ya aphasia.

Chitani izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha sitiroko:

• Lekani kusuta ngati mumasuta.
• Imwani mowa pang'ono.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse.
• Idyani zakudya zopanda sodium ndi mafuta.
• Chitani zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol.
• Tengani njira zothanirana ndi matenda ashuga kapena kufalikira ngati muli nawo.
• Pezani mankhwala a atrial fibrillation ngati muli nawo.
• Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala msanga ngati mukudwala matenda opha ziwalo.