Funsani Katswiri: Jakisoni wa Matenda Awiri Ashuga

Zamkati

• Kodi ndi mankhwala ati ojambulidwa omwe amathandiza mtundu wa 2 shuga?
• Kodi jakisoni amachititsa kuti muchepetse thupi? Kulemera?
• Kodi mlingowo ndi wofanana ndi jakisoni? Kodi ndikhala ndikuzipatsa jakisoni ndekha?
• Kodi pali mavuto obwera chifukwa cha jakisoni woyenera kudziwa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kusintha machitidwe ati kuwonjezera pa kuyamba kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala?
• Kodi mankhwala a jakisoni amawononga ndalama zingati? Kodi amathandizidwa ndi inshuwaransi?

Kodi ndi mankhwala ati ojambulidwa omwe amathandiza mtundu wa 2 shuga?

Glucagon ngati peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) ndi mankhwala ojambulidwa omwe amathandizira mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Mofanana ndi insulini, amabayidwa pansi pa khungu. GLP-1 RAs imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri limodzi ndi mankhwala ena opatsirana ndi matenda ashuga.

Pakadali pano pali ma GLP-1 RAs pamsika omwe amasiyana pamayendedwe amachitidwe komanso nthawi yochita. Zikuphatikizapo:

• kutulutsa (Byetta)
• exenatide - kutulutsidwa kwina (Bydureon)
• dulaglutide (Trulicity)
• semaglutide (Ozempic) - yomwe imapezekanso pama piritsi (Rybelsus)
• liraglutide (Victoza)
• lixisenatide (Adlyxin)

Pramlintide (Symlin) ndi mankhwala enanso ojambulidwa omwe amaloledwa kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 2. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi kuwombera insulini nthawi yachakudya. Ngakhale sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni, imagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi GLP-1 RAs.

Kodi jakisoni amachititsa kuti muchepetse thupi? Kulemera?

Mosiyana ndi insulin ndi mankhwala ena opha matenda ashuga, majekeseni samapangitsa kunenepa.

Chifukwa chakuti amachepetsa chilakolako chofuna kudya, amathandizanso kuti achepetse thupi pa kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka mpaka makilogalamu atatu. Kuchepetsa kulemera kumadalira zinthu zingapo, monga:

• zakudya
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena

Chifukwa cha ichi, GLP-1 RAs ili yoyenera kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena kapena insulin kuti muchepetse kunenepa.

Kodi mlingowo ndi wofanana ndi jakisoni? Kodi ndikhala ndikuzipatsa jakisoni ndekha?

GLP-1 RAs imapezeka m'makola omwe mumadzipatsa nokha, mofanana ndi insulin. Amasiyana pamlingo ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito.

Pakadali pano palibe mayeso ofananira omwe akuwonetsa momwe kusankha kwamankhwala kumakhudzira zotsatira zakanthawi yayitali.

Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amakuyambitsani ndi mulingo wochepa. Izi zidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono malinga ndi kulekerera komanso momwe mungafunire.

Byetta ndiye wothandizira yekhayo amene amafunika kuyendetsedwa kawiri patsiku. Zina ndizobayidwa tsiku lililonse kapena sabata iliyonse.

Kodi pali mavuto obwera chifukwa cha jakisoni woyenera kudziwa?

Zotsatira zam'mimba, monga nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba, zimachitika mwa odwala ambiri. Nthenda imatha kuchepa pakapita nthawi kapena kutsitsa mlingo. Zikhozanso kuchitika pafupipafupi ndi othandizira sabata iliyonse.

Malipoti ena amalumikizitsa pachimake kapamba ndi GLP-1 RAs, koma palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chokhazikitsa ubale wowonekera. Kafukufuku wafufuza zovuta zina zomwe zingachitike pamankhwala, monga khansa ya kapamba, koma palibe umboni wokwanira.

Ma GLP-1 RAs ena amatha kuyambitsa khungu m'deralo. Anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali (Bydureon, Byetta) anena izi.

Hypoglycemia imachitika kawirikawiri ndi GLP-1 RAs ikagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha. Komabe, kuwawonjezera pazithandizo zochokera ku insulin kumatha kubweretsa chiopsezo.

M'maphunziro a rodent, panali kuwonjezeka kwa zotupa za chithokomiro zamankhwala am'mimba. Zotsatira zofananazi sizinapezeke mwa anthu.

Kodi ndiyenera kusintha machitidwe ati kuwonjezera pa kuyamba kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala?

Kusintha kwa moyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 atha kukhala ndi:

• kusintha zakudya
• kutaya 5 mpaka 10 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi, kwa iwo omwe ali onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 150 pasabata
• kudziyang'anira shuga wamagazi
• kuchepetsa mowa pakumwa kamodzi patsiku kwa amayi achikulire ndi zakumwa ziwiri patsiku kwa amuna akulu
• osasuta kapena kusiya kusuta

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito matenda ashuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chitsogozo chofunikira pakukonzekera chakudya komanso kuwathandiza pakuwona.

Kuwona katswiri wazakudya zodalirika kumathandizanso kukutsogolerani ku zakudya zabwino. Katswiri wazakudya atha kulangiza dongosolo lazakudya lomwe limayenderana ndi zomwe mumakonda komanso zomwe mumakonda.

Kawirikawiri, kuchepetsa kudya kwa mavitamini ndi kofunika kuti mukhale ndi kasamalidwe ka shuga m'magazi.

Sankhani ma carbs omwe ali:

• michere-wandiweyani
• mkulu CHIKWANGWANI
• kusinthidwa pang'ono

Sinthanitsani zakumwa zotsekemera ndi madzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri opangidwa ndi monounsaturated ndi polyunsaturated kumatha kuchepetsa kagayidwe kabwino ka shuga ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima.

Kodi mankhwala a jakisoni amawononga ndalama zingati? Kodi amathandizidwa ndi inshuwaransi?

Jekeseni wa GLP-1 RAs ndi pramlintide (Symlin) ndiokwera mtengo. Palibe zosankha za generic zomwe zikupezeka pano. Avereji ya mitengo yogulitsa ndi iyi:

• Kunja: $ 840
• Dulaglutide: $ 911
• Semaglutide: $ 927
• Liraglutide: $ 1,106
• Lixisenatide: $ 744
• Kutsatsa: $ 2,623

Izi zimaphimbidwa ndi mapulani ambiri a inshuwaransi. koma malangizo amachitidwe, kuchotsedwa, zofunikira pakuwongolera, komanso chilolezo choyambirira chimasiyanasiyana.

Ndikofunika kuti muzolowere mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo lanu la mankhwala.

Dr. Maria S. Prelipcean ndi dokotala wodziwa za endocrinology ndi matenda ashuga. Panopa akugwira ntchito ku Southview Medical Group ku Birmingham, Alabama. Dr. Prelipcean amaliza maphunziro awo ku Carol Davila Medical School ku Bucharest, Romania. Anamaliza maphunziro ake azachipatala ku University of Illinois ndi Northwestern University ku Chicago komanso maphunziro ake a endocrinology ku University of Alabama ku Birmingham. Dr. Prelipcean adatchulidwa mobwerezabwereza ngati Birmingham Top Doctor ndipo ndi Mnzake wa American College of Endocrinology. Nthawi yake yopuma, amakonda kuwerenga, kuyenda, komanso kucheza ndi banja lake.