Kumvetsetsa Zizindikiro za Asperger mwa Akuluakulu

Zamkati

• Kodi Asperger's syndrome ndi chiyani?
• Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za Asperger kwa akuluakulu ndi ziti?
• Maganizo ndi machitidwe
• Zizindikiro zolumikizirana
• Zizindikiro zina
• Zizindikiro zabwino
• Kodi matenda a Asperger amapezeka bwanji mwa akuluakulu?
• Zolinga zomwe wothandizira zaumoyo angaganizire monga:
• Kodi Asperger amathandizidwa bwanji ndi akuluakulu?
• Kutenga

Kodi Asperger's syndrome ndi chiyani?

Matenda a Asperger ndi mtundu wa autism.

Matenda a Asperger anali matenda apadera omwe adatchulidwa mu American Psychiatric Association's Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM) mpaka 2013, pomwe mitundu yonse ya autism idaphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena a ambulera, autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Madokotala ambiri akugwiritsabe ntchito mawu akuti Asperger syndrome, kapena Asperger's, koma matenda onse a autism tsopano ndi ASD.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Asperger atha kukhala ndi luntha kwambiri komanso kuposa luso lapakamwa. Asperger amaonedwa kuti ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri ya autism.

Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za Asperger kwa akuluakulu ndi ziti?

Akuluakulu ambiri omwe ali ndi AS sachedwa kuluza kuzindikira kapena chilankhulo. M'malo mwake, mutha kukhala ndi nzeru zopitilira muyeso. Komabe, achikulire omwe ali ndi AS amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zina. Zambiri mwa izi zimakhudza kwambiri moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Palibe anthu awiri omwe akukumana ndi AS chimodzimodzi. Mutha kukhala ndi zochepa chabe mwa zizindikirazi, kapena mutha kuziona nthawi zonse.

Zizindikiro zakugwira ntchito kwambiri kwa ASD mwa akulu zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

Maganizo ndi machitidwe

• Makhalidwe obwerezabwereza. Kuchita mobwerezabwereza chizindikiritso chodziwika cha ASD. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuchita zomwezo m'mawa uliwonse musanapite kuntchito, kuzunguliza china kangapo, kapena kutsegula chitseko mwanjira inayake. Chifukwa choti mumachita izi sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi AS - zovuta zina zitha kubweretsanso izi.
• Kulephera kumvetsetsa zovuta zam'mutu. Anthu omwe ali ndi AS atha kukhala ndi zovuta akafunsidwa kutanthauzira zamakhalidwe kapena malingaliro, monga chisoni kapena kukhumudwa. Mavuto osakhala achikhalidwe - ndiye kuti, zinthu zomwe sizimawoneka - zitha kupewa malingaliro anu oyenera.
• Kuyang'ana pa munthu woyamba. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi AS atha kuvutika kuti awone dziko lapansi momwe ena akuwonera. Mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kuyankha pazomwe mukuchita, mawu, ndi machitidwe anu momvera chisoni kapena nkhawa.
• Kukokomeza kwamalingaliro. Ngakhale sizongokakamira nthawi zonse, achikulire omwe ali ndi AS amatha kulimbana ndi zovuta zam'maganizo, kukhumudwa, kapena kusintha kwa machitidwe. Izi zitha kubweretsa kupsa mtima.
• Kuyankha kosazolowereka pakukhudzidwa ndi chidwi. Izi zitha kukhala hypersensitivity (over-sensitivity) kapena hyposensitivity (under-sensitivity) kuzomvera. Zitsanzo zimakhudza kwambiri anthu kapena zinthu, amakonda kukhala mumdima, kapena kununkhiza dala.

Zizindikiro zolumikizirana

• Mavuto azikhalidwe. Anthu omwe ali ndi AS atha kulimbana ndi mayanjano. Simungathe kupitiriza zokambirana "zazing'ono".
• Mavuto olankhula. Si zachilendo kwa akulu omwe ali ndi AS kukhala ndi "ouma" (omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa "robotic") kapena mawu obwerezabwereza. Muthanso kukhala ndi zovuta kusinthasintha mawu anu mozungulira. Mwachitsanzo, mwina simuchepetsa mawu anu kutchalitchi kapena mulaibulale.
• Maluso apadera olankhula. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi AS amatha kukhala ndi luso lolankhula mawu. Izi zitha kutanthauzira kukulira mawu, makamaka m'malo osangalatsa.
• Pansipa-avareji maluso osalankhula. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi AS sangatengere zomwe ena anganene, monga manja, nkhope, kapena zolankhula.
• Kusadziwana ndi diso. Mukamalankhula ndi munthu wina, mwina simungayang'ane diso.

Zizindikiro zina

• Kusasamala. Mavuto oyendetsa magalimoto ali mwa akulu omwe ali ndi ASD. Izi zamagalimoto zitha kuwoneka ngati zovuta kuchita ntchito monga kukhala kapena kuyenda moyenera. Maluso oyendetsa bwino magalimoto, monga kumangirira nsapato kapena kutsegula emvulopu, amathanso kukhudzidwa.
• Kusamala. Sizachilendo kuti anthu azikhala ndi hyperfocus ngati chizindikiro cha AS. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala kumutu wina. Atha kukhala ndi chidziwitso chakuya komanso mawu ambiri okhudzana ndi mutuwu. Akhozanso kuumirira kuti azilankhula za izo akakhala ndi anzawo.

Zizindikiro zabwino

Anthu omwe ali ndi AS amathanso kukhala ndi zizindikilo zomwe zitha kuonedwa ngati zopindulitsa kapena zothandiza.

Mwachitsanzo, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, achikulire omwe ali ndi AS nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi luso lotha kuyang'ana. Mutha kuthana ndi vuto kapena vuto, makamaka ngati limakusangalatsani, kwakanthawi.

Momwemonso, chidwi chanu pazatsatanetsatane chingakupangitseni kuchita bwino kwambiri pothetsera mavuto.

Kodi matenda a Asperger amapezeka bwanji mwa akuluakulu?

Pakadali pano, palibe mayeso enieni omwe angadziwe matenda a Asperger mwa akuluakulu. Palibe njira zodziwira pakadali pano za matenda a Asperger mwa akulu mwina.

Matenda a Autism amatha kupezeka ali aang'ono. Zayamba kukhala zosazolowereka kuti mufike pauchikulire popanda kuzindikira kwa autism ngati muwonetsa zizindikilo. Komabe, sizotheka.

Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti muli ndi vuto la autism, kambiranani ndi omwe amakuthandizani pazachipatala. Mutha kutumizidwa kwa katswiri, monga wama psychologist kapena psychiatrist, yemwe amatha kuwunika momwe mumakhalira ndi zizindikilo zanu, ndikuthandizani kudziwa ngati muli ndi AS kapena ASD ina.

Zolinga zomwe wothandizira zaumoyo angaganizire monga:

• Zochitika pagulu. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kukufunsani za moyo wanu wachikhalidwe. Afuna kuwunika luso lanu komanso momwe mumayanjanirana ndi ena. Izi zitha kuwathandiza kudziwa momwe zizindikilo zanu zimakhudzira gawo ili la moyo wanu.
• Nkhani zakuthupi. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzafuna kuti athetse zovuta zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu.
• Zochitika zina. Anthu omwe ali ndi AS nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa, kukhumudwa, komanso kutengeka. M'malo mwake, AS itha kusokonekera ngati imodzi mwazimenezi.Katswiri wophunzitsidwa amatha kukufufuza, komabe, ndizotheka kuti mupeze matenda oyenera.

Matenda a Asperger salinso m'gulu la Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Ngati muli ndi matenda a Asperger's, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kugwiritsabe ntchito mawu akuti Asperger syndrome kapena Asperger's. Komabe, matenda anu adzakhala matenda a autism.

Kodi Asperger amathandizidwa bwanji ndi akuluakulu?

Palibe mankhwala a Asperger's syndrome. Komabe, mankhwalawa atha kuthandiza achikulire omwe ali ndi autism kuthana ndi zovuta komanso zovuta.

• Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe. Wothandizira atha kukuthandizani kuthana ndi zovuta zina za autism, monga kudzipatula pagulu komanso kuda nkhawa. Angakuthandizeninso kuphunzira maluso atsopano ocheza nawo kotero kuti kuyanjana ndi ena kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosakhumudwitsa.
• Mankhwala othandizira. Katswiri wazamalankhulidwe amatha kugwira ntchito nanu kuti aphunzire kuwongolera mawu ndi kusinthasintha mawu.
• Chithandizo chamanja. Akuluakulu ambiri omwe ali ndi autism amatha kugwira ntchito yanthawi zonse, yopambana. Komabe, anthu ena atha kukumana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi ntchito. Katswiri wazantchito akhoza kukuthandizani kupeza mayankho pazovuta zomwe mumakumana nazo pantchito kuti mupitilize kuchita bwino.
• Mankhwala. Munthu akakula, mankhwala omwe amalandila amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zizindikilo zake, monga kuda nkhawa kapena kusakhazikika. Ena othandizira zaumoyo amathanso kuperekanso mankhwala kuti athetse zizindikiro za AS. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo zolimbikitsa, antipsychotic, ndi serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Kutenga

Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda a Asperger amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

• kucheza kovuta
• kuvuta kuyankhula ndi ena
• kulephera kutanthauzira machitidwe osalankhula mwa ena

Muthanso kuchita zinthu zobwerezabwereza ndikukhala ndi hyperfocus pamachitidwe ndi malamulo.

Komabe, achikulire omwe ali ndi AS nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi luso lotha kudziwa luso komanso mawu. Mumasamala kwambiri tsatanetsatane ndipo mumatha kuyang'ana kwakanthawi.

Ngakhale anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi Asperger's syndrome kapena matenda a autism spectrum disorder amapezeka ngati ana, achikulire ena sangapeze yankho la zizindikilo zawo mpaka atakula.

Ndi matenda a Asperger's syndrome, mutha kupeza njira zochiritsira ndi zokuthandizani kuthana ndi zovuta zilizonse zomwe mungakumane nazo ndikukhala moyo wathanzi, wopindulitsa womwe umakwaniritsa komanso wosangalatsa.