Kodi Zotsatira Zoyipa za Beta-blockers Ndi Ziti?

Zamkati

• Kodi beta-blockers amalembedwa kuti?
• Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya beta-blockers ndi iti?
• Osasankha beta-blockers
• Oseketsa beta-blockers
• Beta-blockers am'badwo wachitatu
• Zotsatira zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi beta-blockers amalumikizana ndi mankhwala ena?
• Kodi mumatha kumwa mowa mutatenga beta-blockers?
• Ndani sayenera kutenga beta-blockers?
• Ndi chidziwitso chiti chofunikira kugawana ndi dokotala?
• Kodi ndizotheka kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers?
• Mfundo yofunika

Beta-blockers amathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga ndi mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima wanu komanso amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Amagwira ntchito poletsa mahomoni adrenaline (epinephrine) kuti asamangidwe ndi beta receptors.

Monga mankhwala ambiri, beta-blockers amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina. Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amapereka mankhwalawa chifukwa zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto linalake zimaposa zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha beta-blockers.

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mupeze zambiri pazotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingachitike komanso kuyanjana kwa mankhwala ndi beta-blockers, komanso zomwe mungachite popewa.

Kodi beta-blockers amalembedwa kuti?

Beta-blockers nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa zochitika zokhudzana ndi mtima, kuphatikizapo:

• kupweteka pachifuwa (angina)
• congestive mtima kulephera
• kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)
• kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira (arrhythmia)
• postural tachycardia syndrome (Miphika)
• kupewa matenda a mtima (infarction ya myocardial infarction) mwa anthu omwe agwidwa kale ndi vuto la mtima

Pali ma beta-receptors mthupi lanu lonse, osati mumtima mwanu mokha. Zotsatira zake, ma beta-blockers nthawi zina amapatsidwa zovuta zina, monga migraine, nkhawa, ndi glaucoma.

Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya beta-blockers ndi iti?

Osati onse beta-blockers amapangidwa ofanana. Pali ma beta-blockers osiyanasiyana, ndipo iliyonse imagwira ntchito mosiyana pang'ono.

Madokotala amaganizira zinthu zambiri posankha mtundu wa beta-blocker omwe angamupatse. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa
• chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo
• zina zomwe muli nazo
• mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya beta-blockers, iliyonse yomwe ikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa. Ali:

• osasankha
• kukondera
• m'badwo wachitatu

Osasankha beta-blockers

Ovomerezeka mzaka za 1960, oyamba beta-blockers anali osasankha. Mwanjira ina, adagwiritsa ntchito zolandila zonse za beta mthupi lanu, kuphatikiza:

• beta-1 receptors (mtima ndi impso maselo)
• beta-2 receptors (mapapu, chotengera magazi, m'mimba, chiberekero, minofu, ndi maselo a chiwindi)
• beta-3 receptors (maselo amafuta)

Popeza ma beta-blockerswa samasiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolandilira za beta, amakhala pachiwopsezo chazovuta pang'ono.

Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa anthu omwe amasuta kapena ali ndi vuto lamapapu monga mphumu kapena matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD).

Zina mwazosankha beta-blockers ndizo:

• nadolol (Corgard)
• Zida Zam'madzi (Trasicor)
• pindolol (Visken)
• mankhwala (Inderal, InnoPran XL)
• sotalol (Betapace)

Oseketsa beta-blockers

Ma beta-blockers aposachedwa adapangidwa kuti azingoyang'ana zolandila za beta-1 zokha m'maselo amtima. Sizimakhudza zolandila zina za beta-2 motero ndizotetezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lamapapo.

Zina mwazofala za beta-blockers ndizo:

• acebutolol (Chigawo)
• atenolol (Tenormin)
• bisoprolol (Zebeta)
• metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)

Beta-blockers am'badwo wachitatu

Beta-blockers a m'badwo wachitatu ali ndi zovuta zina zomwe zimathandizira kupititsa patsogolo mitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Ena mwa anthu omwe amadziwika kuti ndi beta-blockers ndi awa:

• chosema (Coreg)
• labetalol (Normodyne)
• nebivolol (Bystolic)

Kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers a m'badwo wachitatu akupitilizabe. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa atha kukhala njira yabwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amadzimadzi.

Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2017, nebivolol ikhoza kukhala njira yoyenera yothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso shuga (glucose) wosagwirizana ndi mafuta.

A pa mbewa adatsimikiza kuti carvedilol imathandizira kulolerana kwa glucose ndikumverera kwa insulin. Izi ndi zinthu zazikulu mu matenda ashuga. Kafukufuku wowonjezera amafunikira kuti mumvetsetse ngati carvedilol ili ndi zovuta zomwezo mwa anthu.

Zotsatira zake ndi ziti?

Beta-blockers ndiwothandiza, otetezeka, komanso otsika mtengo. Zotsatira zake, nthawi zambiri amakhala mzere woyamba wa chithandizo mumikhalidwe yamtima.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za beta-blockers ndi:

• Kutopa ndi chizungulire. Beta-blockers amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu. Izi zitha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kutsika kwa magazi (hypotension).
• Kuyenda kosauka. Mtima wanu umagunda pang'onopang'ono mukamamwa ma beta-blockers. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuti magazi afike kumapeto kwanu. Mutha kumva kuzizira kapena kumva kulira m'manja ndi m'mapazi.
• Zizindikiro za m'mimba. Izi zimaphatikizapo kukhumudwa m'mimba, nseru, m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa. Kutenga beta-blockers ndi chakudya kumatha kuthana ndi vuto lakumimba.
• Kulephera kugonana. Anthu ena amafotokoza kuwonongeka kwa erectile akamatenga beta-blockers. Izi ndizotsatira zoyipa ndimankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Kulemera. Izi ndi zoyipa za achikulire, osasankha beta-blockers. Madokotala sakudziwa chifukwa chake zimachitika, koma zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi momwe beta-blockers amakhudzira kagayidwe kanu.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa kwambiri ndi izi:

• Kuvuta kupuma. Beta-blockers amatha kuyambitsa kupuma kwa minofu yam'mapapo yomwe imapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Izi ndizofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndimapapu.
• Shuga wamagazi (hyperglycemia). Beta-blockers amatha kuyambitsa shuga wamagazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
• Matenda okhumudwa, kusowa tulo, ndi maloto owopsa. Zotsatirazi ndizofala kwambiri kwa achikulire, osasankha beta-blockers.

Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati mungakumane ndi zotsatirazi mukamamwa ma beta-blockers:

• Zizindikiro za vuto la mtima: kupuma pang'ono, chifuwa chomwe chimakulirakulira ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupweteka pachifuwa, kugunda kwamtima mosalekeza, miyendo yotupa kapena akakolo
• Zizindikiro za vuto la m'mapapo: kupuma movutikira, chifuwa cholimba, kupumira
• Zizindikiro za vuto la chiwindi: chikopa chachikaso (jaundice) ndi azungu azungu amaso

Kodi beta-blockers amalumikizana ndi mankhwala ena?

Inde, ma beta-blockers amatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• mankhwalawa
• mankhwala opha ululu
• mankhwala oletsa zilonda
• mankhwala opatsirana pogonana
• mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi (ma statins)
• decongestants ndi mankhwala ena ozizira
• insulin ndi mankhwala ena a shuga
• mankhwala a mphumu ndi COPD
• mankhwala a matenda a Parkinson (levodopa)
• zopumulira minofu
• mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs), kuphatikizapo ibuprofen
• Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupweteka pachifuwa, komanso kugunda kwamtima mosasinthasintha
• maantibayotiki ena, kuphatikizapo rifampicin (Rifampin)

Muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumamwa.

Kodi mumatha kumwa mowa mutatenga beta-blockers?

Ndibwino kupewa kumwa mowa ngati mutenga beta-blockers.

Onse beta-blockers ndi mowa amatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuphatikiza ziwirizi kungapangitse kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kutsike mwachangu. Izi zitha kukupatsani kufooka, chizungulire, kapena mutu wopepuka. Mwinanso mutha kukomoka ngati mungayimirire mwachangu kwambiri.

Zachidziwikire, zotsatirazi zimadalira mulingo woyenera wa beta-blockers ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe mumamwa. Ngakhale kulibe kuphatikiza kopanda chitetezo, kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa nthawi zina kungakhale kosawopsa kwenikweni. Koma ndi bwino kufunsa kaye dokotala wanu.

Muyeneranso kukambirana ndi dokotala ngati kupeŵa kumwa mowa ndi kovuta kwa inu. Mankhwala ena atha kupezeka.

Ndani sayenera kutenga beta-blockers?

Beta-blockers siamunthu aliyense. Zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi izi:

• mphumu, COPD, ndi matenda ena am'mapapo
• matenda ashuga
• kuthamanga kwa magazi (hypotension) kapena kugunda kwa mtima pang'ono (bradycardia)
• kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis
• mikhalidwe yoyenda kwambiri yamagazi, monga chodabwitsa cha Raynaud
• kulephera kwakukulu kwa mtima
• Mitsempha yowopsa kwambiri

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zanenedwa pamwambapa, dokotala wanu angaganizire zosankha zina asanapereke beta-blocker.

Ndi chidziwitso chiti chofunikira kugawana ndi dokotala?

Kulankhula ndi dokotala za thanzi lanu komanso matenda aliwonse angakuthandizeni kupewa zovuta.

• Adziwitseni dokotala ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyesera kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa.
• Pofuna kupewa kuyanjana ndi mankhwala, perekani dokotala mndandanda wa mankhwala ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumamwa.
• Khalani oona mtima pa nkhani ya mowa, fodya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zinthu izi zimatha kuyanjana ndi beta-blockers.

Kodi ndizotheka kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers?

Ndizowopsa kusiya kumwa beta-blockers mwadzidzidzi, ngakhale mukukumana ndi zovuta.

Mukatenga ma beta-blockers, thupi lanu limazolowera kuthamanga kwa mtima wanu. Mukasiya kuzitenga mwadzidzidzi, mutha kuwonjezera ngozi yanu yamatenda akulu amtima, monga matenda amtima.

Lumikizanani ndi dokotala wanu ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta zina ndi beta-blockers omwe amakhala kupitilira tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Dokotala wanu atha kupereka lingaliro lamtundu wina wamankhwala, komabe mufunikira kuti muchepetse pang'ono mlingo wanu wa beta-blocker.

Mfundo yofunika

Beta-blockers amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtima. Monga mankhwala onse, amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chazovuta komanso kulumikizana.

Musanatenge beta-blockers, ndikofunikira kuti mukalankhule ndi adotolo zaumoyo wanu, mankhwala aliwonse omwe mungamwe, komanso kumwa mowa, fodya, ndi mankhwala aliwonse osangulutsa.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta zina, onetsetsani kuti mwatsata dokotala wanu posachedwa. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kuchotsa mosamala ma beta-blockers ndikupatsanso mankhwala ena.