Chidziwitso cha Kuzindikira Kwa Bipolar Disorder

Zamkati

• Zomwe muyenera kuchita musanazindikire
• Kulamulira zina
• Kuunika kwaumoyo
• Mania
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Kupewa kudzipha
• Matenda a Bipolar I
• Matenda a Bipolar II
• Cyclothymia
• Matenda othamanga kwambiri
• Osanenedwa mwanjira ina (NOS)
• Kuzindikira matenda osokoneza bongo mwa ana
• Kusanthula kolakwika

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda a bipolar

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osinthasintha zochitika amasintha kwambiri zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe amachitira nthawi zonse. Kusintha kumeneku kumakhudza miyoyo yawo tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika sikovuta monga kutenga mayeso angapo osankha kapena kutumiza magazi ku labu. Ngakhale kuti matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika amawonetsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyananso, palibe mayesero amodzi omwe angatsimikizire vutoli. Nthawi zambiri, njira zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe matenda.

Zomwe muyenera kuchita musanazindikire

Musanazindikire, mutha kukhala ndi malingaliro osintha mwachangu komanso zosokoneza. Kungakhale kovuta kufotokoza momwe mukumvera, koma mutha kudziwa kuti china chake sichili bwino.

Nthawi zachisoni ndi kusowa chiyembekezo zitha kukulira. Zitha kumveka ngati mukumira mwakhumudwa mphindi imodzi, kenako kenako, muli ndi chiyembekezo komanso mudzaza mphamvu.

Nthawi zokhala ndi malingaliro ochepa sizachilendo nthawi ndi nthawi. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi nthawi ngati imeneyi chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Komabe, kukwera m'maganizo komanso kuchepa kwamaganizidwe okhudzana ndi kusinthasintha zochitika kumatha kukhala koopsa kwambiri. Mutha kuwona kusintha kwamakhalidwe anu, komabe mulibe mphamvu zodzithandizira. Anzathu ndi abale awo amathanso kuzindikira zosintha. Ngati mukukumana ndi zisonyezo za manic, mwina simukuwona kufunikira koti mupeze thandizo kwa dokotala. Mutha kukhala osangalala komanso osamvetsetsa nkhawa za omwe akuzungulirani mpaka malingaliro anu atasinthanso.

Osanyalanyaza momwe mukumvera. Kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati kutengeka kwakukulu kukusokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kapena ngati ukufuna kudzipha.

Kulamulira zina

Ngati mukumva kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwamamvedwe anu omwe amasokoneza zomwe mumachita tsiku ndi tsiku, muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu. Palibe mayeso amwazi apadera kapena ma scan aubongo kuti azindikire kusinthasintha kwa maganizo. Ngakhale zili choncho, dokotala wanu amatha kuyezetsa thupi ndikulamula mayeso a labu, kuphatikiza kuyesa kwa chithokomiro ndikuwunika kwamikodzo. Mayeserowa atha kudziwa ngati zinthu zina kapena zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu.

Kuyezetsa magazi ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumawunikira momwe chithokomiro chanu chimagwirira ntchito. Chithokomiro chimatulutsa ndikubisa mahomoni omwe amathandizira kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito amthupi ambiri. Ngati thupi lanu sililandira chithokomiro chokwanira, chotchedwa hypothyroidism, ubongo wanu sungagwire bwino ntchito. Zotsatira zake, mutha kukhala ndi mavuto azizindikiro zakukhumudwa kapena kuyamba matenda amisala.

Nthawi zina, zovuta zina za chithokomiro zimayambitsa zizindikilo zomwe zimafanana ndi matenda amisala. Zizindikiro zitha kukhalanso zoyipa zamankhwala. Pambuyo pazifukwa zina zomwe zingachitike, dokotala wanu atha kukutumizirani kwa katswiri wazamisala.

Kuunika kwaumoyo

Katswiri wa zamaganizidwe kapena zamaganizidwe amakufunsani mafunso kuti muwone momwe thanzi lanu lilili. Kuyesedwa kwa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika kumaphatikizapo mafunso okhudza zizindikilo: zakhala zitachitika nthawi yayitali bwanji, komanso momwe angasokonezere moyo wanu. Katswiriyo adzakufunsaninso za zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Izi zikuphatikiza mafunso okhudzana ndi mbiri yakuchipatala komanso mbiri yakusokoneza bongo.

Matenda a bipolar ndimatenda amisala omwe amadziwika chifukwa cha kukhumudwa komanso kukhumudwa. Kuzindikira kwa matenda a bipolar kumafunikira chimodzi chokha chachisokonezo komanso gawo limodzi la manic kapena hypomanic episode. Katswiri wanu wamaganizidwe amafunsa zamaganizidwe anu komanso malingaliro anu munthawi ya izi. Afuna kudziwa ngati mukumva olamulira munthawi yachisangalalo komanso kuti magawowa atenga nthawi yayitali bwanji. Akhoza kukupemphani kuti muwafunse abwenzi ndi abale za zomwe mumachita. Kuzindikira kulikonse kumaganizira mbali zina za mbiri yanu yamankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe mwamwa.

Kuti achite zowoneka bwino, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM). DSM imapereka malongosoledwe mwatsatanetsatane a matendawa. Nayi kuwonongeka kwa mawu ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze vutoli.

Mania

Chisangalalo ichi ndi "nyengo yodziwika modabwitsa, yopitilira muyeso, kapena yosachedwa kupsa mtima." Nkhaniyi iyenera kukhala pafupifupi sabata. Chisangalalo chiyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zitatu izi:

• kudzidalira
• kusowa pang'ono kogona
• kuchuluka kwa mawu (kuyankhula mwachangu)
• kuthawa kwa malingaliro
• kusokonezeka mosavuta
• chidwi chowonjezeka cha zolinga kapena zochitika
• kusokonezeka kwa psychomotor (kuyenda, kupindika m'manja, ndi zina zambiri)
• kuchulukitsa kuchita zinthu zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu

Matenda okhumudwa

DSM imanena kuti vuto lalikulu lachisokonezo liyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zinayi zotsatirazi. Ayenera kukhala atsopano kapena owopsa mwadzidzidzi, ndipo ayenera kukhala milungu iwiri osachepera:

• kusintha kwa njala kapena kulemera, kugona, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• kuchepa mphamvu
• kudzimva wopanda pake kapena kudziimba mlandu
• kuvuta kuganiza, kulingalira, kapena kupanga zisankho
• malingaliro a imfa kapena mapulani ofuna kudzipha kapena kuyesa

Kupewa kudzipha

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina ali pachiwopsezo chodzivulaza kapena kukhumudwitsa wina:

• Imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yakomweko.
• Khalani ndi munthuyo mpaka thandizo litafika.
• Chotsani mfuti, mipeni, mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zitha kuvulaza.
• Mverani, koma osaweruza, kutsutsana, kuopseza, kapena kufuula.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina akufuna kudzipha, kapena ngati mukufuna, pezani thandizo kuchokera pamavuto kapena njira yolimbana ndi kudzipha. Yesani National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa 800-273-8255.

Matenda a Bipolar I

Bipolar I disorder imakhudza gawo limodzi kapena angapo amanjenje kapena magawo osakanikirana (okhumudwitsa komanso okhumudwitsa) ndipo atha kuphatikizanso gawo lalikulu lokhumudwitsa. Magawowa sakhala chifukwa chazachipatala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Matenda a Bipolar II

Matenda a Bipolar II ali ndi vuto limodzi kapena angapo ovuta kwambiri omwe ali ndi gawo limodzi lokha la hypomanic. Hypomania ndi mtundu wocheperako wa mania. Palibe magawo amiseche, koma munthuyo atha kukhala ndi gawo losakanikirana.

Bipolar II sichimasokoneza kuthekera kwanu kugwira ntchito mochuluka monga matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Zizindikirozi zimayenerabe kubweretsa zovuta zambiri kapena mavuto kuntchito, kusukulu, kapena ndi maubale. Zimakhala zachilendo kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a bipolar II kuti asakumbukire zochitika zawo za hypomanic.

Cyclothymia

Cyclothymia imadziwika ndikusintha kukhumudwa kotsika pang'ono komanso nthawi ya hypomania. Zizindikiro ziyenera kukhalapo kwa zaka zosachepera ziwiri akuluakulu kapena chaka chimodzi mwa ana asanadziwe kuti ali ndi vutoli. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi nthawi yopanda zizindikiritso yomwe satha miyezi iwiri. Ana ndi achinyamata amakhala ndi nthawi yopanda zizindikilo yomwe imatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.

Matenda othamanga kwambiri

Gawoli ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda osokoneza bongo. Zimachitika munthu akakhala ndi magawo anayi achisoni chachikulu, mania, hypomania, kapena mayiko osakanikirana pasanathe chaka. Kuthamanga njinga mofulumira kumakhudza.

Osanenedwa mwanjira ina (NOS)

Gawoli ndi la zodandaula za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika omwe sagwirizana bwino ndi mitundu ina. NOS imapezeka pamene zizindikiro zingapo za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika zilipo koma sizokwanira kuthana ndi chizindikirocho pamitundu ina iliyonse. Gawoli litha kuphatikizaponso kusintha kwakanthawi kwakanthawi komwe sikumatha kukhala manic kapena manambala okhumudwitsa. Bipolar disorder NOS imaphatikizapo magawo angapo opatsirana popanda chochitika chachikulu chachisoni.

Kuzindikira matenda osokoneza bongo mwa ana

Matenda a bipolar si vuto la akulu okha, amathanso kupezeka mwa ana. Kuzindikira matenda a bipolar mwa ana kumatha kukhala kovuta chifukwa zizindikilo za matendawa nthawi zina zimatha kutsanzira zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi cha kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD).

Ngati mwana wanu akuchiritsidwa ndi ADHD ndipo zizindikiro zake sizinasinthe, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuthekera kwa matenda osokoneza bongo. Zizindikiro za kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro kwa ana zitha kukhala:

• kupupuluma
• kupsa mtima
• chiwawa (mania)
• kusakhudzidwa
• kupsa mtima
• nthawi zachisoni

Njira zodziwira matenda a bipolar mwa ana ndizofanana ndi kuzindikira kwa achikulire. Palibe mtundu wina wamayeso owunika, kotero dokotala akhoza kufunsa mafunso angapo okhudzana ndi momwe mwana wanu akumvera, momwe amagonera, komanso machitidwe ake.

Mwachitsanzo, kodi mwana wanu amakalipa kangati? Kodi mwana wanu amagona maola angati patsiku? Kodi mwana wanu amakhala ndi nthawi yankhanza komanso yosakwiya nthawi zingati? Ngati khalidwe la mwana wanu ndi malingaliro ake ndizochepa, dokotala wanu akhoza kupanga matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Dotolo amathanso kufunsa za mbiri ya banja lanu yovutika maganizo kapena kusinthasintha zochitika, komanso kuwona momwe chithokomiro cha mwana wanu chimagwirira ntchito kuti athetse chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito.

Kusanthula kolakwika

Matenda a bipolar nthawi zambiri samazindikira molondola, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala azaka zaunyamata. Akazindikira kuti ndi chinthu china, zizindikilo za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika zitha kukulirakulira. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chithandizo cholakwika chimaperekedwa.

Zina mwazosazindikirika ndizosemphana ndi nthawi yamagawo ndi machitidwe. Anthu ambiri samafuna chithandizo mpaka atakumana ndi vuto lokhumudwitsa.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2006 wofalitsidwa mu, pafupifupi 69% ya milandu yonse sazindikira molondola. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a omwe sapezeka bwino kwa zaka 10 kapena kupitilira apo.

Vutoli limagawana zizindikilo zambiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zovuta zina zamaganizidwe. Matenda a bipolar nthawi zambiri samazindikiridwa ngati unipolar (wamkulu) kukhumudwa, nkhawa, OCD, ADHD, vuto la kudya, kapena vuto la umunthu. Zina mwazinthu zomwe zitha kuthandiza madotolo kuti azilondola ndikudziwa bwino mbiri ya banja, zochitika zomwe zimachitika mwachangu zakukhumudwa, komanso mafunso amafunso okhudza kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukukhulupirira kuti mwina mukukumana ndi zizindikilo zilizonse za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika kapena matenda ena amisala.