Kusokonezeka Maganizo kwa Akazi: Dziwani Zoona

Zamkati

• Mfundo Zazikulu
  
• Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi iti?
• Matenda a Bipolar I
• Matenda a Bipolar II
• Matenda a cyclothymic
• Zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika
• Mania
• Hypomania
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Mania osakanikirana
• Kuthamanga njinga mofulumira
• Zowopsa zomwe muyenera kuziganizira
• Kodi matenda a bipolar amapezeka bwanji?
• Kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo
• Mankhwala
• Kuchiza matenda
• Mankhwala a electroconvulsive (ECT)
• Kupeza chisamaliro ndi chithandizo
• Zosankha zothandizira
• Kudzisamalira
• Kutenga

Kodi bipolar disorder ndi chiyani?

Mfundo Zazikulu

1. Makhalidwe ndi zovuta za matenda osokoneza bongo zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa abambo ndi amai.
2. Azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu choyambika kapena kubwerera m'mbuyo chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mahomoni.
3. Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera komanso kasamalidwe kazizindikiro, azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika amakhala ndi chiyembekezo.

Bipolar matenda ndimatenda amisala omwe amachititsa kusintha kwakanthawi kwamamvedwe. Kusintha kwamalingaliro kumeneku kumatha kusintha kuchoka pakumva chisangalalo kupita ku kukhumudwa kwakukulu. Zitha kusokoneza luso lanu logwira ntchito komanso pamoyo wanu.

Matendawa amakhudza pafupifupi 2.8 peresenti ya achikulire aku America chaka chilichonse. Zimachitika mofanana amuna ndi akazi. Makhalidwe ndi zovuta za matenda osokoneza bongo zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa abambo ndi amai, komabe. Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mumve zambiri momwe amayi amakhudzidwira.

Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika ndi iti?

Mitundu itatu yayikulu yamatenda a bipolar ndi bipolar I, bipolar II, ndi cyclothymic disorder. Mitundu ina ya matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika imatha kukhala yokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena matenda ena.

Matenda a Bipolar I

Bipolar I diagnostic imakhudza gawo limodzi lamankhwala osakanikirana kapena osakanikirana osatha sabata limodzi kapena zomwe zimayambitsa kuchipatala. Nkhaniyi mwina idabwera musanachitike kapena itatha nthawi yachisokonezo kapena yachisoni. Komabe, mutha kukhala ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika popanda kukhala ndi vuto lokhumudwitsa. Amuna ndi akazi amadwala matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Matenda a Bipolar II

Kuzindikira kwa matenda a bipolar II kumakhudza kukhumudwa kwaposachedwa kapena kwakale komwe kumatha milungu iwiri. Munthuyo ayenera kuti anali ndi gawo la hypomania lamakono kapena lapitalo. Amayi atha kukhala kuposa amuna kuti azikhala ndi vuto la kusinthasintha zochitika.

Matenda a cyclothymic

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la cyclothymic atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika zomwe sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za matenda a bipolar I kapena bipolar II. Matenda a cyclothymic amawerengedwa kuti ndi vuto lochepa kwambiri la kusinthasintha zochitika. Zimaphatikizaponso kupezeka kwanthawi yayitali yazizindikiro zachisoni ndi zachisoni zomwe sizingakule mokwanira kuti zidziwike ngati zili ndi matenda a bipolar II. Zizindikirozi zimapitilira kwa zaka ziwiri.

Zizindikiro za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zikhalidwe zoyambira za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Izi zingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa momwe matenda amisala amakhudzira azimayi. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• chiwawa
• hypomania
• kukhumudwa
• kusakaniza mania

Mania

Mania ndi mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe okwera. Pakati pa zochitika zamankhwala, mutha kumva kuti ndinu okwera kwambiri, olimba mtima, komanso opanga maluso. Mwinanso mungakhale wokwiya. Mutha kukhala ndi ziwopsezo zazikulu, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kuchuluka kwakugonana. Mutha kuwononga ndalama mopusa, kupanga ndalama zoyipa ndi ndalama zanu, kapena kuchita zina mosasamala.

Magawo a Manic amatha sabata kapena kupitilira apo. Ngati mumakhala ndi malingaliro kapena malingaliro osinkhasinkha kapena malingaliro, awa amatchedwa "mawonekedwe amisala."

Hypomania

Hypomania ndi mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa mania. Pakati pa magawo a hypomanic, mutha kukhala ndi malingaliro okwera ofanana ndi omwe amapezeka ndimania. Izi zokwezeka kwambiri ndizocheperako kuposa momwe zimakhalira, komabe, zimakhudza kuthekera kwanu kuti mugwire ntchito. Amayi amatha kutenga hypomania kuposa amuna.

Matenda okhumudwa

Matenda okhumudwa ndi mkhalidwe wokhumudwa kwambiri. Pakati pamavuto okhumudwitsa, mutha kumva chisoni chachikulu ndikuchepa mphamvu. Magawo awa amakhala pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Chifukwa cha izi, zochitika zachisoni zimatha kuwononga kwambiri. Amayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zipsinjo zokhumudwitsa kuposa amuna.

Mania osakanikirana

Kuphatikiza pa magawo amisala komanso kukhumudwa, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osinthasintha zochitika amathanso kukhala ndi nkhawa. Izi zimadziwikanso kuti gawo losakanikirana. Pokhala ndi gawo losakanikirana, mutha kukhala ndi zowawa komanso zodandaula tsiku lililonse kwa sabata limodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Amayi amakhala ndi zochitika zosakanikirana kuposa amuna.

Kuthamanga njinga mofulumira

Magawo a bipolar amathanso kudziwika ndi momwe ma episodes amasinthira mwachangu. Kuthamanga njinga mwachangu ndi mtundu wa matenda amisala yomwe imachitika mukakhala ndi magawo anayi amisempha kapena kukhumudwa chaka chimodzi. Kupalasa njinga mwachangu kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo ya:

• kukhumudwa
• kudzipha
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• nkhawa
• hypothyroidism

Amayi amayenera kukwera njinga mwachangu kuposa amuna.

Zowopsa zomwe muyenera kuziganizira

Zowopsa zingapo zomwe zingadziwike zimatha kukulitsa kuthekera kwa kusinthasintha kwa kupuma kapena kubwerera mwa amuna ndi akazi. Zowopsa izi ndi izi:

• kukhala ndi kholo kapena m'bale wako yemwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa
• zochitika zazikulu m'moyo, monga kutayika wokondedwa kapena kukumana ndi zoopsa

Amayi omwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika amaganiza kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu choyambanso kapena kubwereranso chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mahomoni. Kusintha uku kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• kusamba
• premenstrual syndrome ndi premenstrual dysphoric disorder
• mimba
• kusamba

Azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo limodzi ndi kusinthasintha zochitika. Mavutowa atha kuphatikiza:

• uchidakwa
• mavuto a kudya
• kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha mankhwala
• migraine mutu
• matenda a chithokomiro

Kodi matenda a bipolar amapezeka bwanji?

Kuzindikira matenda a bipolar kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa zizindikilo zake zambiri zimachitikanso ndi zina. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kuchepa kwa chidwi cha kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD). Zitha kuphatikizanso schizophrenia, makamaka ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za psychosis. Kuzindikira azimayi kungakhalenso kovuta ndi mahomoni oberekera.

Matendawa amaphatikizapo kuyezetsa thupi. Dokotala wanu awunikanso mbiri yanu yamankhwala komanso banja. Ndi chilolezo chanu, dokotala atha kulankhulanso ndi abale ndi abwenzi apamtima kuti atolepo zambiri zamakhalidwe aliwonse achilendo. Asanatsimikizire kuti ali ndi vutoli, adotolo akuyeneranso kuthana ndi zovuta zamankhwala ena.

Kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo

Palibe mankhwala odziwika omwe amachiza matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Zizindikiro za vutoli ndizotheka kuchiza. Chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zizindikilo zanu.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo choyambirira kuti athe kuyambitsa matenda osinthasintha zochitika. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika amakhala ndi zoteteza m'maganizo, ma antipsychotic, ndi ma anticonvulsants.

Ngakhale atha kukhala othandiza, mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina. Zotsatirazi zingakhale monga:

• Kusinza
• nseru
• kusanza
• kunenepa

Ngati muli ndi zovuta kuchokera kumankhwala anu, kambiranani ndi adokotala za njira zochepetsera. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira dongosolo lanu la mankhwala monga mwadokotala wanu.

Kuchiza matenda

Psychotherapy, kapena chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi njira ina yothandizira. Kulankhula poyankhula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala. Itha kukuthandizani kukhazika mtima pansi, komanso kukuthandizani kutsatira dongosolo lanu. Njira yamankhwalayi imakhala pachiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri, ngakhale kuyankhula zokumana nazo zopweteka pamoyo kumatha kubweretsa nkhawa.

Mankhwala a electroconvulsive (ECT)

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) ndi njira ina yothandizira kuchiza matenda a bipolar. ECT imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kukondoweza kwamagetsi kuti ipangitse kugwidwa muubongo. ECT yawonetsedwa kuti ndi njira yothandiza yothandizira kuvutika maganizo kwambiri ndi magawo amanjenje, ngakhale momwe imagwirira ntchito komanso chifukwa chake sakudziwika bwinobwino. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi ECT ndi izi:

• nkhawa
• chisokonezo
• mutu
• kuiwalika kosatha

Kupeza chisamaliro ndi chithandizo

Kupeza chisamaliro ndi chithandizo chomwe mukusowa ndichofunikira kuti muchepetse vuto la kusinthasintha zochitika. Musaope kufikira ena, kapena kudzisamalira bwino.

Zosankha zothandizira

National Institute of Mental Health imapereka malangizo otsatirawa ngati inu, kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa, muli ndi zizindikilo za matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika:

• kambiranani za chithandizo chamankhwala ndi dokotala wanu
• khalani ndi chizolowezi chokhazikika
• kugona mokwanira
• khalani pamankhwala aliwonse omwe apatsidwa kuti mulandire chithandizo
• phunzirani za zizindikilo zomwe zingakuchenjezeni za zochitika zam'magazi zomwe zikubwera
• kuyembekezera kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa zizindikilo
• Pezani chithandizo kuchokera kwa abale ndi abwenzi
• lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wothandizira za zomwe mukumva
• lowetsani gulu lothandizira kapena lapaintaneti

Ngati mukuganiza zodzipweteka nokha kapena mukudziwa wina yemwe ali, funani thandizo mwachangu. Mutha kuchita chimodzi kapena zingapo zotsatirazi:

• itanani dokotala wanu kapena wothandizira
• itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi kuti mukalandire thandizo mwachangu
• itanani ndalama zaulere, maola 24 a National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku 800-273-TALK (800-273-8255)
• ngati muli ndi vuto lakumva kapena kulankhula, imbani foni kudzera pa teletypewriter (TTY) pa 800-799-4TTY (4889) kuti mukalankhule ndi mlangizi wophunzitsidwa bwino

Ngati ndi kotheka, pemphani mnzanu kapena wachibale wanu kuti akuthandizeni.

Kudzisamalira

Kudzisamalira moyenera ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera vutoli. Ngati ndinu mayi yemwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika, mutha kukhala ndi zizolowezi zabwino kuti muthane ndi vutoli ndikusintha moyo wanu wonse. Zizolowezi izi zimaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kupumula mokwanira, komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri.

Kutenga

Ngakhale abambo ndi amai amatha kukhala ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika, matendawa amakhudza aliyense mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi gawo la mahomoni oberekera azimayi. Mwamwayi, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera komanso kasamalidwe kazizindikiro, azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika amakhala ndi chiyembekezo. Ndipo madotolo akupitabe patsogolo palimodzi pakumvetsetsa matenda amisala ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera mwa akazi.