Zofooka za Kubadwa

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi zolepheretsa kubereka ndi chiyani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa zilema zobereka?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi mwana wopunduka?
• Kodi matenda obadwa nawo amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi njira zochizira zolemala ndi ziti?
• Kodi zolepheretsa kubadwa zitha kupewedwa?

Chidule

Kodi zolepheretsa kubereka ndi chiyani?

Chilema kubadwa ndi vuto lomwe limachitika pamene mwana akukula mthupi la mayi. Zolakwika zambiri zakubadwa zimachitika m'miyezi itatu yoyamba yapakati. Mwana m'modzi mwa ana 33 aliwonse ku United States amabadwa ndi vuto lobadwa nalo.

Chilema kubadwa zingakhudze momwe thupi limaonekera, ntchito, kapena onse. Zolakwika zina zobereka monga milomo yolumikizana kapena zotupa za neural tube ndizovuta zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuziwona. Ena, monga matenda amtima, amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera.Zolepheretsa kubadwa zimatha kukhala zochepa mpaka zochepa. Momwe chilema chakubadwa chimakhudzira moyo wa mwana chimadalira makamaka chiwalo kapena gawo la thupi lomwe likukhudzidwa komanso kukula kwake.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa zilema zobereka?

Pazovuta zina zobadwa, ofufuza amadziwa zomwe zimayambitsa. Koma pazovuta zambiri zobadwa, sizimadziwika kwenikweni. Ochita kafukufuku amaganiza kuti zovuta zambiri zobadwa zimachitika chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kovuta, komwe kungaphatikizepo

• Chibadwa. Mtundu umodzi kapena zingapo zitha kusintha kapena kusintha zomwe zimawalepheretsa kugwira ntchito moyenera. Mwachitsanzo, izi zimachitika mu matenda a Fragile X. Ndi zolakwika zina, jini kapena gawo lina la jini likhoza kusowa.
• Mavuto achromosomal. Nthawi zina, chromosome kapena gawo la chromosome limatha kusowa. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika mu Turner syndrome. Nthawi zina, monga Down syndrome, mwanayo amakhala ndi chromosome yowonjezera.
• Kuwonetsedwa kwa mankhwala, mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zapoizoni. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto am'mimba.
• Matenda nthawi yapakati. Mwachitsanzo, kutenga kachilombo ka Zika panthawi yoyembekezera kumatha kubweretsa vuto lalikulu muubongo.
• Kusowa kwa zakudya zina. Kusalandira folic acid wokwanira musanakhale komanso mukakhala ndi pakati ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuyambitsa ziwalo za neural tube.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi mwana wopunduka?

Zinthu zina zitha kuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa, monga

• Kusuta, kumwa mowa, kapena kumwa mankhwala ena "apanjira" mukakhala ndi pakati
• Kukhala ndi matenda, monga kunenepa kwambiri kapena matenda ashuga osalamulirika, musanakhale komanso nthawi yapakati
• Kutenga mankhwala enaake
• Kukhala ndi wina m'banja mwako yemwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa, mutha kuyankhulana ndi mlangizi wamtundu,
• Kukhala mayi wachikulire, makamaka wazaka zopitilira 34

Kodi matenda obadwa nawo amapezeka bwanji?

Othandizira azaumoyo amatha kuzindikira zovuta zina zobadwa panthawi yoyembekezera, pogwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa asanabadwe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala pafupipafupi.

Zovuta zina zakubadwa sizingapezeke mpaka mwanayo atabadwa. Othandizira angawapeze kudzera pakuwunika kumene. Zolakwika zina, monga phazi lanyumba, zimawonekera nthawi yomweyo. Nthawi zina, wothandizira zaumoyo sangapeze chilema mpaka mtsogolo, mwana atakhala ndi zizindikilo.

Kodi njira zochizira zolemala ndi ziti?

Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo nthawi zambiri amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndi chithandizo. Chifukwa chakuti zizindikilo ndi zovuta zomwe zimadza chifukwa chakulephera kubadwa zimasiyana, mankhwala amasiyana. Njira zochiritsira zingaphatikizepo kuchitidwa maopaleshoni, mankhwala, zida zothandizira, kulimbitsa thupi, komanso kulankhula.

Nthawi zambiri, ana omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa amafunikira ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo angafunike kukawona akatswiri angapo. Wothandizira zaumoyo wamkulu amatha kuyang'anira chisamaliro chapadera chomwe mwanayo amafunikira.

Kodi zolepheretsa kubadwa zitha kupewedwa?

Si zofooka zonse zobadwa zomwe zitha kupewedwa. Koma pali zinthu zomwe mungachite musanakhale ndi pakati kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wokhala ndi mwana wathanzi:

• Yambani kusamalidwa asanabadwe pomwe mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala ndi pakati, ndikuwona omwe amakuthandizani nthawi zonse mukakhala ndi pakati
• Pezani ma micrograms 400 (mcg) a folic acid tsiku lililonse. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kuyamba kumwa osachepera mwezi umodzi musanakhale ndi pakati.
• Musamwe mowa, kusuta, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "mumsewu"
• Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa kapena mukuganiza zakumwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala akuchipatala komanso owonjezera, komanso zakudya zowonjezera kapena zitsamba.
• Phunzirani momwe mungapewere matendawa mukakhala ndi pakati
• Ngati muli ndi zovuta zamankhwala, yesetsani kuzilamulira musanatenge mimba

Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda