Upangiri Wanu pakupereka Magazi Pa Coronavirus-Ndipo Pambuyo pake

Zamkati

• Zofunikira Pofuna Kupereka Magazi
• Kuyenerera Kupereka Magazi
• Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Musanapereke Magazi
• Chimachitika Ndi Chiyani Pamene Mukupereka Magazi?
• Kodi Chimachitika Ndi Chiyani Mukatha Kupereka Magazi?
• Nanga Bwanji Kupereka Magazi Pa Coronavirus?
• Onaninso za

Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa March, American Red Cross inalengeza zosokoneza: Zopereka magazi zachepa chifukwa cha COVID-19, zomwe zidadzetsa nkhawa zakusowa kwa magazi mdziko lonselo. Tsoka ilo, m’madera ena mudakali kusowa.

"Ndizowopsa," akutero a Andrea Cefarelli, wamkulu wamkulu ku New York Blood Center. "Ndizosiyana pang'ono mdera lililonse mdziko muno, koma ku New York, zomwe tapeza zikufika pangozi zadzidzidzi. Pakufunika magazi mwachangu mwachangu kuti asunge nkhokwe."

N’chifukwa chiyani kupereŵera koteroko? Poyambira, munthawi yopanda mliri, pafupifupi 3% yokha ya anthu aku US omwe ali oyenera kupereka magazi amachitadi izi, atero a Kathleen Grima, MD, wamkulu wa zamankhwala ku American Red Cross. Ndipo pofika posachedwapa, zopereka zamagazi zatsika kwambiri chifukwa ma drive ambiri ammudzi adathetsedwa chifukwa chachitetezo cha coronavirus (zambiri pansipa).

Komanso, simungathe kusunga magazi kwa nthawi yaitali. "Pamafunika magazi nthawi zonse ndipo ayenera kupitirizabe kuwonjezeredwa popeza [mankhwalawa] amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa ndipo amatha," akutero Dr. Grima. Mashelufu a maselo othandiza magazi kuundana (tizidutswa tamagazi tamagazi tomwe timathandiza thupi lanu kuundana kuti tileke kapena kupewa kutuluka magazi) ndi masiku asanu okha, ndipo alumali la magazi ofiira ndi masiku 42, atero Dr. Grima.

Zotsatira zake, madokotala m'zipatala zambiri ndi zipatala akuda nkhawa. Kuphatikizika kwa zinthu kumeneku kunachititsa kutayika kwa “mayunitsi masauzande” a magazi ndi zinthu za m’magazi, zimene “zakhala zikutsutsa kale kuperekedwa kwa magazi m’zipatala zambiri,” akutero Scott Scrape, MD, mkulu wa zachipatala wa mankhwala oika anthu magazi ndi apheresis pa The Ohio State University. Wexner Medical Center. Ngakhale zipatala zina zili bwino pakupezeka magazi pakadali pano, izi zitha kusintha mwachangu, atero a Emanuel Ferro, MD, wodwala matenda komanso director of the Bank Bank, Donor Center, ndi Transfusion Medicine ku MemorialCare Long Beach Medical Center ku Long Beach, Calif. “Malo ambiri opangira opaleshoni akukonzekera kuti atsegulenso njira zomwe zathetsedwa ndipo chifukwa cha izi, tiwona kufunika kowonjezereka kwa zinthu zamagazi,” akutero.

Apa ndi pomwe mumalowa. Bungwe la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lipitilizabe kulimbikitsa anthu kuti azipereka magazi munthawi ya mliriwu, ndipo pomwe zoyendetsa magazi zambiri zaletsedwa, malo operekera magazi akhala otseguka panthawi ya mliri ndipo akulandira mosangalala zopereka .

Komabe, mwina mumakhala ndi nkhawa zakupita kulikonse pagulu — ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukuchita zabwino kwa anthu, monga kupereka magazi. Izi ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za zomwe, ndendende, mungayembekezere musanayambe, mkati, komanso mutapereka magazi, zofunikira zoperekera magazi ndi zoletsedwa, komanso momwe zonse zasinthira chifukwa cha COVID-19.

Zofunikira Pofuna Kupereka Magazi

Ngati mukuganiza kuti "ndingapereke magazi?" yankho mwina ndi "inde." Izi zati, ngakhale anthu ambiri amatha kupereka magazi popanda vuto, pali zoletsa zina zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa.

Bungwe la American Red Cross limatchula zotsatirazi monga zofunika kwambiri popereka magazi:

• Muli ndi thanzi labwino komanso mukumva bwino (ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi chimfine, chimfine, kapena zina zotero, American Red Cross ikukulangizani kuti musiye nthawi yomwe mudakumana nayo ndikukonzanso kwa maola osachepera 24 zizindikiro zanu zitatha.)
• Ndinu osachepera zaka 16
• Mumalemera pafupifupi mapaundi 110
• Patha masiku 56 kuchokera pomwe munapereka magazi anu omaliza

Koma zoyambira izi ndizosiyana pang'ono ngati mumakonda kupereka pafupipafupi. Kwa amayi omwe amapereka katatu pachaka, American Red Cross imafunanso kuti mukhale ndi zaka 19, osachepera 5'5" wamtali, ndipo mumalemera mapaundi 150.

Kutalika ndi zoletsa zolemera sizosintha. Chigawo chamagazi chimakhala ngati painti, ndipo ndizomwe zimachotsedwa mukamapereka magazi athunthu, mosasamala kukula kwanu. "Kulemera kwake ndiko kutsimikizira kuti woperekayo akhoza kulekerera voliyumu yomwe imachotsedwa komanso kuti ndi yotetezeka kwa wopereka," akufotokoza Dr. Grima. "Wopereka ndalama wocheperako, gawo lalikulu la magazi awo amachotsedwa ndi chopereka chamagazi. Kutalika kwambiri ndi kulemera kwake kumafunikira omwe akupereka achinyamata chifukwa amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusintha kwama voliyumu."

Komanso muyenera kudziwa: Palibe malire amsinkhu apamwamba operekera zopereka ku American Red Cross, akuwonjezera Dr. Grima.

Kuyenerera Kupereka Magazi

Koma choyamba, FYI yachangu: Kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, American Red Cross idalengeza kuti chifukwa cha "kufunika kwachangu kwa magazi panthawi ya mliriwu, njira zina zoperekera zopereka zoperekedwa ndi FDA zidzasinthidwa kuti mwachiyembekezo zilolere opereka ochulukirapo. Ngakhale sizinali zovomerezeka kuti njira zatsopanozi ziyambe kugwira ntchito, woimira American Red Cross adanena Maonekedwe kuti mwina zichitika mu Juni.

Muli ndizitsulo zazitsulo zochepa. Ngakhale bungwe la American Red Cross ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ NW 1) Hemoglobin ndi puloteni m'thupi lanu yomwe imakhala ndi chitsulo ndipo imapatsa magazi anu mtundu wofiyira, akutero American Red Cross. Ngati ma hemoglobin anu ali ochepera 12.5g / dL, akupemphani kuti muletse kusankhidwa kwanu ndikubweranso milingo yanu ikakwera (makamaka, mutha kuwalimbikitsa ndi chitsulo chowonjezerapo kapena kudya zakudya zokhala ndi chitsulo monga nyama, tofu, nyemba, ndi mazira, koma Dr. Ferro akuti mufuna kulankhula ndi adotolo nthawi imeneyo kuti akuwongolereni). (Zokhudzana: Momwe Mungapezere Chitsulo Chokwanira Ngati Simudya Nyama)

Mbiri yaulendo wanu. Simungathenso kupereka ngati mwapita kudziko lomwe lili pachiwopsezo cha malungo zaka 12 zapitazi, malinga ndi American Red Cross. Izi zisintha kukhala miyezi itatu posachedwa pomwe bungweli likhazikitsa njira zatsopano zovomerezeka kudwala malungo mu Juni.

Mukumwa mankhwala. Anthu ambiri amatha kupereka magazi akamamwa mankhwala, koma pali mankhwala omwe angafunike kuti mudikire kuti mupereke. (Onani mndandanda wamankhwala a Red Cross kuti muwone ngati yanu ikugwira ntchito.)

Muli ndi pakati kapena mwangobereka kumene. Komanso, amayi apakati sangathe kupereka magazi chifukwa cha nkhawa kuti angatenge magazi oyenera kuchoka kwa amayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo, akutero Dr. Ferro. Komabe, mutha kuperekanso magazi ngati mukuyamwa-mukungodikirira milungu isanu ndi umodzi mutabereka mwana, pomwe magazi a thupi lanu ayeneranso kubwerera mwakale, akutero.

Mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a IV. Ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a IV sangaperekenso magazi chifukwa chodandaula za matenda a chiwindi ndi HIV, malinga ndi American Red Cross.

Ndiwe mwamuna wogonana ndi amuna. Ndi mfundo zotsutsana (ndi zomwe bungwe la American Red Cross likuzindikira kuti ndi zotsutsana), koma amuna omwe adagonana ndi amuna ena amayenera kudikirira chaka chimodzi atagonana komaliza asanapereke chifukwa chodandaula za HIV, chiwindi, chindoko ndi zina. matenda obwera ndi magazi, malinga ndi Kampeni ya Ufulu Wachibadwidwe. (Chofunika kudziwa: A FDA adangotsitsa nthawiyo mpaka miyezi itatu, koma zitha kutenga nthawi kuti malo operekera magazi akonzenso mfundo zawo.) Komabe, azimayi omwe amagonana ndi azimayi ali oyenera kupereka popanda kudikirira, inatero American Red Mtanda.

Mwangolandira chizindikiro kapena kuboola kosagwirizana ndi malamulo. Mukuganiza ngati mungathe kupereka ngati muli ndi tattoo? Iwo ndi CHABWINO kuti mupereke magazi ngati mwadzilemba posachedwa kapena kuboola, ndikudziwitsani. Zolembazo ziyenera kukhala zitayikidwa ndi bungwe loyendetsedwa ndi boma pogwiritsa ntchito singano zosabala ndi inki zomwe sizigwiritsidwanso ntchito, malinga ndi American Red Cross. (Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi.) Koma ngati muli ndi tattoo m'chigawo chomwe sichimayang'anira malo olembera (monga DC, Georgia, Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Utah, ndi Wyoming) , muyenera kudikirira miyezi 12. Nkhani yabwino: Kudikiraku kusinthanso mpaka miyezi itatu pomwe mabungwe osonkhanitsa magazi azitsatira njira zatsopano zomwe zatulutsidwa posachedwa. Kuboola, komwe kumabweranso ndi vuto la chiwindi, kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi zida zogwiritsa ntchito kamodzi. Ngati sizinali choncho pakubaya kwanu, muyenera kudikirira miyezi 12 mpaka mutapereka.

Muli ndi matenda aakulu. Kukhala ndi matenda ena, monga mitundu ina ya khansa, matenda a chiwindi, ndi Edzi, kudzakhudzanso luso lanu lopereka. Komabe, American Red Cross imanena kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu monga matenda a shuga ndi mphumu ali bwino, malinga ngati matenda anu akuwongolera ndipo mukukumana ndi zofunikira zina. Ditto ngati muli ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Mumasuta maudzu. Nkhani yabwino: Mutha kupereka magazi ngati mumasuta udzu, bola mukwaniritse zofunikira zina, ikutero American Red Cross. (Ponena za zovuta zaumoyo, izi ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa zakuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi ndi COVID-19.)

Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Musanapereke Magazi

Mwamwayi, ndizosavuta. Malo operekera magazi kwanu adzaonetsetsa kuti mukukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso osavuta, atero a Cefarelli. Ndipo muyenera kukhala ndi ID yanu, monga chiphaso choyendetsa kapena pasipoti, limodzi nanu.

Za zomwe ungadye usanapereke magazi? Ndibwinonso kudya zakudya zokhala ndi iron monga nyama yofiira, nsomba, nkhuku, nyemba, sipinachi, chimanga chokhala ndi iron, kapena zoumba musanapereke magazi, malinga ndi bungwe la American Red Cross. “Izi zimapanga maselo ofiira a mwazi,” akufotokoza motero Don Siegel, M.D., Ph.D., mkulu wa division of Transfusion Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology pa Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Iron ndiyofunikira kwa hemoglobin, yomwe ndi puloteni m'maselo ofiira a magazi omwe amanyamula mpweya kuchokera m'mapapo kupita ku thupi lanu lonse, akutero. (FYI: Ndizomwe zimayang'ana oximeter poyang'ana magazi anu okosijeni.)

Dr. Siegel anati: “Mukapereka magazi, mukutaya ayironi m’thupi mwanu. "Kuti mupange izi, idyani zakudya zokhala ndi ayironi tsiku lililonse kapena musanapereke ndalama." Kusunga hydration yoyenera ndikofunikanso. M'malo mwake, American Red Cross imalimbikitsa kumwa madzi ozizira 16 oz musanachitike.

Zolemba: Simukuyenera kudziwa mtundu wamagazi anu pasadakhale, akutero Dr. Grima. Koma mutha kufunsa za izi mukapereka ndipo bungwe likhoza kukutumiziraninso mtsogolo, akuwonjezera Dr. Ferro.

Chimachitika Ndi Chiyani Pamene Mukupereka Magazi?

Kodi zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Njira yokhayo ndiyosavuta, atero Dr. Siegel. Mukhala pampando pomwe katswiri walowetsa singano m'manja mwanu. Singanoyo imakhuthulira m’thumba lomwe lingasunge magazi anu.

Ndi magazi angati omwe amaperekedwa? Apanso, lita imodzi ya magazi idzatengedwa, mosasamala kanthu za kutalika kwanu ndi kulemera kwanu.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mupereke magazi? Mutha kuyembekezera kuti gawo lazoperekazo litenga pakati pa mphindi eyiti mpaka 10, malinga ndi American Red Cross. Pazonse, muyenera kuyembekezera kuti ndalama zonse zopereka zitha kutenga ola limodzi, kuyamba kumaliza.

Simuyenera kukhala pamenepo ndikuyang'ana khoma pomwe mukupereka (ngakhale ndi njira ina) - muli ndi ufulu wochita chilichonse chomwe mukufuna mukamapereka, bola mukangokhala phee, atero Cefarelli: "Mungathe werengani buku, gwiritsani ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti pa foni yanu ... zopereka zimagwiritsa ntchito mkono umodzi, kotero mkono wanu wina ndi waulere." (Kapena, Hei, ndi nthawi yabwino kuyesa kusinkhasinkha.)

Kodi Chimachitika Ndi Chiyani Mukatha Kupereka Magazi?

Ndondomeko yakupereka itatha, American Red Cross ikuti mutha kukhala ndi zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi ndi kumwa ndikukhala nawo mphindi zisanu mpaka 10 musanachite zomwe mukuchita. Koma kodi pali zotulukapo zilizonse zoperekedwa ndi mwazi kapena zinthu zina zofunika kuzilingalira?

Dr. Siegel amalimbikitsa kudumpha zolimbitsa thupi kwa maola 24 otsatira ndikumwetsa kumwa mowa kwakanthawi, nawonso. "Zitha kutenga nthawi kuti thupi lanu lizolowere magazi anu asanabwerere mwakale," akutero. "Ingopumulani kwa tsiku lonselo." Monga gawo la chitetezo chake chachilengedwe, thupi lanu limagwiranso ntchito kuti ipange magazi ambiri mukapereka, wafotokoza Dr. Ferro. Thupi lanu limalowa m’malo mwa madzi a m’magazi mkati mwa maola 48, koma pangatenge milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi itatu kuti m’malo mwa maselo ofiira a magazi.

“Bandejilo lisiyeni kwa maola angapo musanalichotse, koma sambani m’manja ndi sopo kuti muchotse mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti mupewe kuyabwa kapena zidzolo,” akutero Dr. Grima. "Ngati malo a singano ayamba kutuluka magazi, kwezani dzanja ndikukweza malowo ndi gauze mpaka magazi atasiya."

Ndibwino kumwa zakumwa zina zisanu ndi zitatu zamagalasi pambuyo pake, atero Dr. Grima. American Red Cross ikulimbikitsanso kukhala ndi zakudya zopangira ayironi mukaperekanso. Mutha kutenga multivitamin yomwe imakhala ndi chitsulo mutapereka kuti mukabwezeretse malo ogulitsira ayironi, atero Dr. Grima.

Ngati mukumva kukomoka, Dr. Grima amalimbikitsa kukhala pansi kapena kugona mpaka kumverera kudutsa. Kumwa madzi ndi kudya makeke, zomwe zimawonjezera shuga m'magazi, zingathandizenso, akutero.

Komabe, muyenera kukhala opanda vuto mukapereka. "Ndizochepa" kuti mudzakhale ndi matenda ena pambuyo pake koma Dr. Siegel amalimbikitsa kuti muimbire dokotala ngati mukuvutika, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa magazi. (Ponena za izi, kuchepa kwa magazi kungakhale chifukwa chomwe mukuphwanyira mosavuta.)

Nanga Bwanji Kupereka Magazi Pa Coronavirus?

Pongoyambira, mliri wa coronavirus wabweretsa kusowa kwamayendedwe amwazi. Magazi oyendetsa magazi (omwe nthawi zambiri amachitika ku makoleji, mwachitsanzo) adathetsedwa mdziko lonse mliriwu utagunda, ndipo ndiwo anali magwero akulu amwazi, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata, akutero Cefarelli. Pofika pano, zoyendetsa magazi zambiri zikadathetsedwa mpaka zitadziwikanso - koma, malo operekera ndalama akadali otsegulidwa, akutero Cefarelli.

Tsopano, zopereka zambiri zamagazi zimachitika pokhazikitsidwa ku malo am'magazi anu mdera lanu kuti muthandizire kupitilizabe kucheza, atero a Cefarelli. Inu osa akuyenera kukayezetsa COVID-19 asanapereke magazi, koma American Red Cross ndi malo ena ambiri amwazi ayamba kuphatikiza njira zowonjezera, atero Dr. Grima, kuphatikiza:

• Kuyang'ana kutentha kwa ogwira ntchito ndi omwe amapereka asanalowe pakatikati kuti awonetsetse kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino
• Kupereka zotsukira m'manja kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito musanalowe pakati, komanso nthawi yonse yopereka
• Kutsatira miyambo yakusokonekera pakati pa omwe akupereka ndalama kuphatikiza mabedi opereka, komanso malo odikirira ndi otsitsimula
• Kuvala zophimba kumaso kapena zophimba kwa onse ogwira ntchito komanso opereka ndalama (Ndipo ngati mulibe nokha, onani mitundu iyi yomwe imapanga masks amaso ansalu ndikuphunzira momwe mungapangire chigoba kumaso kunyumba.)
• Kugogomezera kufunikira kwakusankhidwa kwa anthu oti athandizire kuthana ndi opereka ndalama
• Kuchulukitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi zida zina (Zogwirizana: Kodi Kupukuta Tizilombo toyambitsa Matenda Kumapha Ma virus?)

Pakadali pano, a FDA ikulimbikitsanso anthu omwe achira kuchokera ku COVID-19 kuti apereke plasma - gawo lamadzi m'magazi anu - kuti athandizire kupanga mankhwala okhudzana ndi magazi a kachilomboka. (Kafukufuku akugwiritsa ntchito plasma ya convalescent, yomwe ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi magazi omwe amaperekedwa ndi anthu omwe apezeka ndi kachilomboka.) Koma anthu omwe sanakhalepo ndi COVID-19 amathanso kupereka plasma kuti athandizire kuwotcha, kupwetekedwa mtima, komanso odwala khansa .

Mukamapereka chopereka cha m'magazi okha, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'manja mwanu ndikutumizidwa kudzera pamakina apamwamba kwambiri omwe amatenga plasma, malinga ndi American Red Cross. “Magazi ameneŵa amaloŵa m’makina a apheresis amene amazungulira magazi anu [ndi] kuchotsa madzi a m’magazi,” akutero katswiri wa sayansi ya zamankhwala Maria Hall, katswiri wa umisiri wosungira mwazi ndiponso woyang’anira gawo la labu ku Baltimore’s Mercy Medical Center. Maselo anu ofiira am'magazi kenako amabwezeredwa m'thupi lanu, komanso mchere winawake. Njirayi imatenga mphindi zochepa chabe kuposa kupereka magazi athunthu.

Ngati mukufuna kupereka magazi kapena madzi a m'magazi, lankhulani ndi malo a magazi a m'dera lanu (mungathe kulipeza pafupi ndi inu pogwiritsa ntchito chofufuza malo cha American Association of Blood Banks donation). Ndipo, ngati muli ndi mafunso ena aliwonse okhudzana ndi kupereka magazi kapena zodzitetezera pamalo omwe anthu akupereka akutenga, mutha kufunsa pamenepo.

"Palibe tsiku lodziwika lomaliza pankhondo iyi yolimbana ndi coronavirus" ndipo opereka ndalama amafunikira kuti magazi ndi magazi azipezeka kwa anthu omwe akufunika thandizo, pano komanso mtsogolo, akutero Dr. Grima.

Zomwe zili munkhaniyi ndizolondola monga nthawi yolemba. Pomwe zosintha za coronavirus COVID-19 zikupitilizabe kusintha, ndizotheka kuti zina ndi zina zomwe zanenedwa m'nkhaniyi zasintha kuyambira pomwe zidasindikizidwa koyamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mumayang'anitsitsa pafupipafupi ndi zinthu monga CDC, WHO, ndi dipatimenti yazaumoyo yakwanuko kuti mumve zambiri zamtunduwu komanso malingaliro awo.

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