Kodi Magazi Amakhudza Kugwirizana Kwaukwati?

Zamkati

• Kodi mitundu yamagazi ndiyotani?
• Kodi magazi amagwirizana bwanji ndi pakati?
• Rh factor ndi mimba
• Kodi kusagwirizana kwa Rh kumachitika bwanji?
• Kuika magazi pakati pa abwenzi
• Kodi mitundu yamagazi yosiyanasiyana ndi yofala motani?
• Kodi mtundu wamagazi umakhudza kuyanjana kwa umunthu?
• Kutenga

Mtundu wamagazi ulibe mphamvu pakukwaniritsa kwanu kukhala ndi banja losangalala, labwino. Pali zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi mtundu wamagazi ngati mukukonzekera kukhala ndi ana obadwa nawo ndi okondedwa anu, koma pali zosankha mukakhala ndi pakati zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi izi.

Ndibwino kudziwa mtundu wamagazi a mnzanu pakagwa vuto ladzidzidzi, komabe. Ndipo, kutengera mtundu wamagazi a inu ndi mnzanu, mutha kuperekanso magazi kwa iwo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri zamtundu wamagazi, komanso momwe ungakhudzire banja lanu.

Kodi mitundu yamagazi ndiyotani?

Aliyense ali ndi mtundu wamagazi. Pali magulu anayi akuluakulu amwazi:

• A
• B
• O
• AB

Maguluwa amasiyana makamaka pakupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa ma antigen omwe angalimbikitse chitetezo chamthupi.

Kuphatikiza pa magulu anayiwa, puloteni yotchedwa Rh factor yomwe imatha kupezeka (+) kapena kulibe (-) pagulu lililonse. Izi zikutanthauzanso magulu amwazi m'magulu asanu ndi atatu:

• A +
• A-
• B +
• B-
• O +
• O-
• AB +
• AB-

Mtundu wamagazi anu ndichinthu chomwe mumalandira, chifukwa chake chimakonzedweratu pakubadwa. Simungasinthe mtundu wamagazi anu mtsogolo.

Kodi magazi amagwirizana bwanji ndi pakati?

Kuyanjana pagulu la anthu kumangodetsa nkhawa maanja ngati ali ndi pakati pomwe onse ndi makolo obadwira. Izi ndichifukwa cha RH factor.

Rh factor ndi puloteni wobadwa nawo, chifukwa chake kukhala Rh negative (-) kapena Rh positive (+) kumatsimikizika ndi makolo anu. Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi wa Rh.

Kukhala Rh wabwino kapena woyipa sikungakhudze thanzi lanu, koma kungakhudze mimba yanu.

Rh factor ndi mimba

Rh factor ingakhale yodetsa nkhawa ngati mayi wobadwa ali Rh- ndipo mwanayo ndi Rh +. Maselo a magazi ochokera kwa mwana wa Rh + wodutsa magazi a mayi ake a Rh angayambitse chitetezo cha mthupi. Thupi la mayi limatha kupanga ma antibodies kuti aukire maselo ofiira a Rh + a mwana wakhanda.

Paulendo wanu woyamba wobadwa, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mtundu wa magazi ndi Rh factor screening. Ngati ndinu Rh-, dokotala wanu adzakuyesaninso magazi anu pambuyo pake mukakhala ndi pakati kuti awone ngati mwapanga ma antibodies olimbana ndi Rh factor. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti mwana wanu ndi Rh +.

Ngati dokotala akudziwitsani kuti Rh ikhoza kusagwirizana, mimba yanu idzayang'aniridwa mosamala pazinthu zina zokhudzana nazo ndipo zingafunikire chisamaliro chowonjezera.

Ngakhale magazi anu ndi magazi a mwana wanu samasakanikirana nthawi yapakati, magazi ochepa a mwana wanu komanso magazi anu amatha kumakumanirana mukamabereka. Ngati pali kusagwirizana kwa Rh ndipo izi zichitika, thupi lanu limatha kupanga ma Rh antibodies motsutsana ndi Rh factor.

Ma antibodies awa sangayambitse vuto kwa mwana wa Rh + panthawi yapakati. Koma zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ngati mungakhale ndi pakati ndikubereka mwana wina yemwe ndi Rh +.

Ngati panali kusagwirizana kwa Rh pa mimba yoyamba, ndipo pali Rh yosagwirizana pamimba yachiwiri ndi ina yamtsogolo, ma antibodies a amayi awa amatha kuwononga maselo ofiira amwana. Izi zikachitika, mwana wanu angafunike kuthiridwa magazi ofiira atakhala ndi pakati kapena atangobereka kumene.

Kodi kusagwirizana kwa Rh kumachitika bwanji?

Ngati kusagwirizana kwa Rh kwapezeka, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni Rh immune globulin (RhoGAM) m'mwezi wanu wachisanu ndi chiwiri wamimba, kenako mkati mwa maola 72 mutabereka ngati mtundu wamagazi a mwana wanu watsimikiziridwa kuti ndi Rh pakubereka.

Rh immune globulin ili ndi mankhwala a Rh IgG, kotero thupi lanu silimagwirizana ndi maselo a Rh a mwana wanu ngati kuti ndi chinthu chachilendo, ndipo thupi lanu silidzapanga ma antibodies ake a Rh.

Kuika magazi pakati pa abwenzi

Mitundu yamagazi yolumikizana itha kukhala yothandiza ngati inu kapena mnzanu mukufuna kuthiridwa magazi. Anthu opanda mitundu yamagazi yoyenerana sangapereke magazi kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kuikidwa mtundu wolakwika wa magazi kumatha kuyambitsa ngozi yakupha.

Kukhala wokhoza kupereka magazi omwe amafunikira kwa mnzanu yemwe ali ndi vuto lachipatala mwina sikungakhale kovuta kwa mabanja ambiri, koma ikhoza kukhala chinthu chabwino pakagwa vuto ladzidzidzi.

Malinga ndi American Red Cross:

• Ngati muli ndi magazi amtundu wa AB +, ndiye kuti mumalandira zonse ndipo mutha kulandira maselo ofiira kuchokera kwa onse omwe amapereka.
• Ngati muli ndi mtundu wa O- magazi, ndinu wopereka kwa onse ndipo mutha kupereka maselo ofiira kwa aliyense.
• Ngati muli ndi magazi amtundu wa A, mutha kulandira mtundu wa A kapena mtundu wa O maselo ofiira.
• Ngati muli ndi magazi amtundu wa B, mutha kulandira mtundu B kapena mtundu wa O maselo ofiira.

Rh + kapena Rh- magazi atha kuperekedwa kwa iwo omwe ndi Rh +, koma ngati muli Rh-, mutha kungolandira magazi a Rh.

Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kuti mupereke magazi kwa mnzanu, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi mitundu yamagazi yofananira.

Kodi mitundu yamagazi yosiyanasiyana ndi yofala motani?

Kutengera mtundu wamagazi anu, kungakhale kosavuta kapena kovuta kupeza mnzake wothandizana naye wamagazi. Malinga ndi Stanford School of Medicine, ku United States:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi O + amaimira pafupifupi 37.4% ya anthu achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi O- amaimira pafupifupi 6.6% ya achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi A + amaimira pafupifupi 35.7% ya anthu achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi A- amaimira pafupifupi 6.3% ya anthu achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi B + amaimira pafupifupi 8.5% ya anthu achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi B- amaimira pafupifupi 1.5% ya anthu achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi AB + amaimira pafupifupi 3.4% ya anthu achikulire.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wamagazi AB- amaimira pafupifupi 0.6% ya anthu achikulire.

Kodi mtundu wamagazi umakhudza kuyanjana kwa umunthu?

Ku Japan, pali chiphunzitso chamtundu wamagazi chotchedwa ketsueki-gata. Chiphunzitsochi chimati mitundu yamagazi ndichizindikiro chofunikira cha umunthu wa munthu. Idayambitsidwa m'ma 1920 ndi katswiri wazamisala Tokeji Furukawa.

Ketsueki-gata akuwonetsa kuti mtundu uliwonse wamagazi uli ndi mikhalidwe yake:

• Lembani A: mwadongosolo
• Mtundu B: kudzikonda
• Lembani O: chiyembekezo
• Lembani AB: eccentric

Kutengera ndi mikhalidwe imeneyi, chiphunzitsochi chikuwonetsa kuti machesi amtundu wamagaziwa atha kubweretsa banja losangalala:

• O Mwamuna × Mkazi
• Mwamuna × Mkazi
• O Mwamuna × B Mkazi
• O Mwamuna × O Mkazi

Ketsueki-gata amangoyang'anira ubale pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Siziwerengera zazomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi omwe amagwera kunja kwa bayinare yamwamuna ndi wamkazi, monga jenda, bigender, ndi zina zosadziwika.

Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2015, palibe mgwirizano wamasayansi wamgwirizano uliwonse pakati pa mikhalidwe ya umunthu kapena kukondana kwa banja ndi magulu amwazi.

Kutenga

Kuyanjana kwamagulu amwazi okwatirana kumangokhala kwakuthekera kosagwirizana kwa Rh panthawi yapakati. Ndipo izi zimangokhala ndi pakati pomwe onse awiri ndi makolo obereka.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakusagwirizana kwa Rh amadziwika mosavuta ndikuyang'aniridwa, ndipo pali chithandizo chazotsatira zabwino. Kugwirizana kwa Rh factor sikuyenera kukhudza kuthekera kwanu kukhala ndi banja losangalala, labwino, kapena kukhala ndi ana athanzi ndi mnzanu.

Pali anthu ena, monga otsatira a ketsueki-gata achi Japan, omwe amagwirizanitsa mitundu yamagazi ndimikhalidwe ina yake. Koma mabungwe amenewo samathandizidwa ndi kafukufuku wazachipatala wodziwika.

Palinso maanja omwe amayamikira kuyanjana kwamagulu amwazi chifukwa chothekera kupereka magazi kwa wokondedwa wawo.