Kuyesedwa kwa Khansa ya m'mawere: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Thanzi Lanu La M'mawere

Zamkati

• Mammogram
• Chifuwa cha ultrasound
• Chifuwa cha m'mawere
• Kujambula kwa m'mawere kwa MRI
• Kuyesa koyambitsa khansa ya m'mawere
• Kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri
• Kutenga

Chidule

Khansa ya m'mawere imayamba pomwe maselo osakhazikika amakula ndikukula mosalamulirika m'minyewa ya m'mawere. Zotsatira zake ndizosiyana kwa mayi aliyense, chifukwa chake kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira.

American College of Physicians imalimbikitsa kuti azimayi azaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 49 azilankhula ndi adotolo za momwe angayambitsire mammograms asanakwanitse zaka 50. Amalimbikitsanso kuti azimayi omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya m'mawere azaka zapakati pa 50 ndi 74 atenge amawonetsedwa chaka chilichonse.

American Cancer Society ikufotokoza malingaliro osiyana pang'ono pofufuza za khansa ya m'mawere, ndi mammograms apachaka oyambira ali ndi zaka 45 (kapena posachedwa ngati muli ndi mbiri yapa khansa ya m'mawere).

Ngati ndinu mayi wachichepere yemwe sanayambebe kupeza mammograms omwe amakonzedwa pafupipafupi, nkofunikabe kudziwa mabere anu kuti muwone kusintha kulikonse ndikuwapatsa dokotala wanu.

Izi zitha kukuthandizani kuti muzindikire ziphuphu, kupindika, nsonga yotembenuka, kufiira, ndikusintha mabere anu. Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyezetsa mawere azachipatala pakawunikidwa pachaka.

Mayeso osiyanasiyana azithandizo amathandizira kuzindikira ndikupeza khansa ya m'mawere koyambirira. Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri za mayesowa.

Mammogram

Ma mammograms apachaka amalimbikitsidwa azimayi azaka zapakati pa 45 kapena kupitilira apo, koma mutha kuyamba kuwerengetsa zaka 40. A mammogram ndi X-ray yomwe imangotenga zithunzi za mabere. Zithunzizi zimathandizira madotolo kuzindikira zodetsa m'mabere anu monga misa, zomwe zitha kuwonetsa khansa.

Kumbukirani kuti kusayenda bwino kwa mammogram yanu sikukutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere, koma mungafunike kuyesedwa kwina.

Chifuwa cha ultrasound

Ultrasound ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumveka kuti apange zithunzi zamkati mwa thupi lanu. Ngati mammogram yanu itazindikira unyinji, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa ma ultrasound kuti apitilize kudziwa misa. Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyitanitsa ultrasound ngati pali chotupa chowoneka pa bere lanu.

Kupanga mavitamini kumathandiza madokotala kudziwa ngati mtanda kapena misa ndi madzi kapena olimba. Madzi odzaza madzi amawonetsa chotupa, chomwe sichimayambitsa khansa.

Misa ina imatha kukhala yamadzimadzi komanso yolimba, yomwe imakhala yopanda vuto koma ingafune kulingalira kwakanthawi kochepa kapena zitsanzo kutengera momwe chithunzi cha ultrasound chikuwonekera.

Kuti mupange bere ultrasound, dokotala wanu amaika gel osamba pachifuwa chanu ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wam'manja kuti apange chithunzi cha minofu yanu ya m'mawere.

Chifuwa cha m'mawere

Biopsy imachotsa mtundu wa minofu pachotupa kapena misa kuti izindikire ngati ili ndi khansa kapena yabwino. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochizira zapadera.

Pali njira zingapo zopangira chifuwa chachikulu, kutengera kukula kwa chotupacho. Ngati chotupacho ndi chaching'ono ndipo sichikukayikira kwambiri, dokotalayo kapena radiologist amatha kupanga singano ya singano.

Dokotala yemwe akuchita izi amalowetsa singano m'chifuwa mwanu ndikuchotsa khungu. Izi zitha kuchitika kapena popanda chitsogozo chazithunzi kutengera malingaliro a dokotala wanu.

Mungafunike kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zina. Izi zimachotsa mtanda wonse. Dokotalayo amatha kuchotsanso ma lymph node.

Izi pamodzi zimapanga golide woyeserera minofu:

• Chidziwitso chabwino cha singano: Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotupacho chili cholimba. Dokotala amalowetsa singano yopyapyala ndikubwezeretsanso kachidutswa kakang'ono ka kuphunzira kwa wodwalayo. Nthawi zina, adokotala angafune fufuzani mtanda womwe mukuwakayikira kutsimikizira kuti palibe khansa mu chotupa.
• Chigoba chachikulu cha singano: Njirayi Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito singano ndi chubu chokulirapo kuti mutengeko minofu mpaka kukula kwa cholembera. Singano imayendetsedwa ndikumverera, mammography, kapena ultrasound. Ngati mayi akuwona bwino ndi mammogram, ndiye kuti kafukufuku wowongoleredwa ndi mammogram adzachitika. Izi zimadziwikanso kuti stereotactic mawere biopsy.
• Opaleshoni (kapena "yotseguka") biopsy: Pa mtundu uwu wa biopsy, dotolo wamankhwala amachotsa gawo (incisional biopsy) kapena zonse (excisional biopsy, wide local excision, kapena lumpectomy) ya chotupa choyeserera ndi microscope. Ngati chotupacho ndi chaching'ono kapena chovuta kuchipeza mwa kukhudza, dokotalayo angagwiritse ntchito njira yotchedwa kutanthauzira waya kuti apange mapu olowera kumtunda asanachitike opaleshoni. Waya akhoza kulowetsedwa ndi malangizo a ultrasound kapena malangizo a mammogram.
• Chidziwitso cha Sentinel: Sentinel node biopsy ndi biopsy yochokera ku mwanabele komwe khansa imafalikira koyamba. Pankhani ya khansa ya m'mawere, sentinel node biopsy nthawi zambiri imachotsedwa ku ma lymph node mu axilla, kapena m'khwapa. Chiyesochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kudziwa kupezeka kwa khansa m'mitsempha yomwe ili mbali ya bere lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi khansa.
• Zithunzi zowongoleredwa pazithunzi: Pazithunzi zoyendetsedwa ndi chithunzi, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yojambula monga ultrasound, mammogram, kapena MRI kuti apange chithunzi chenicheni cha malo okayikitsa omwe sangathe kuwoneka kapena kumva kudzera pakhungu lanu. Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito chithunzichi kuti athandizire kutsogolera singano pamalo abwino kuti atolere maselo okayikira.

Kuwunika kwa ma biopsies kumatha kuthandiza dokotala kudziwa kuchuluka kwa khansa yanu, mawonekedwe a chotupacho, komanso momwe khansa yanu ingayankhire ndi mankhwala ena.

Kujambula kwa m'mawere kwa MRI

Kujambula kwa mawere a MRI si chida chofufuzira cha khansa ya m'mawere chifukwa chowopsa kwambiri pazabwino zabodza. Koma ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere, mosamala dokotala angakulimbikitseni kuwunika kwa MRI ndi mammograms anu apachaka.

Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito maginito ndi mafunde a wailesi kuti apange chithunzi cha mkatikati mwa mabere anu.

Kuyesa koyambitsa khansa ya m'mawere

Mutapezeka kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere, sitepe yotsatira ndikuzindikira gawo lanu. Kudziwa siteji ndi momwe dokotala amadziwira njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira. Kukhazikika kumatengera kukula kwa chotupacho komanso ngati chafalikira kunja kwa bere lanu.

Maselo a khansa omwe amafalikira ku ma lymph node amatha kupita mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi lanu. Mukamakonzekera, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndikupanga mammogram ya bere lanu lina kuti muwone ngati pali chotupa.

Dokotala wanu amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso aliwonsewa kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa khansa yanu komanso kuthandizira kuzindikira:

• Kujambula kwa mafupa: Khansara ya metastasized imatha kufalikira mpaka mafupa. Kujambula fupa kumathandiza dokotala wanu kuti aone mafupa anu ngati ali ndi khansa.
• Kujambula kwa CT: Uwu ndi mtundu wina wa X-ray yopanga zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane za ziwalo zanu. Dokotala wanu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito CT scan kuti awone ngati khansara yafalikira ku ziwalo kunja kwa bere, monga chifuwa, mapapo, kapena m'mimba.
• Kujambula kwa MRI: Ngakhale kuyesa kwa kulingalira kumeneku si chida chodziwika bwino chofufuzira khansa, ndichothandiza polemba khansa ya m'mawere. MRI imapanga zithunzi zamagetsi zamagulu osiyanasiyana amthupi lanu. Ikhoza kuthandiza dokotala kudziwa ngati maselo a khansa afalikira kumsana, ubongo, ndi ziwalo zina.
• Sakani PET: Kuyesa kwa PET ndi mayeso apadera. Dokotala wanu amalowetsa utoto muminyewa yanu. Utoto ukuyenda mthupi lanu, kamera yapadera imatulutsa zithunzi za 3-D zamkati mwa thupi lanu. Izi zimathandiza dokotala kudziwa komwe kuli zotupa.

Kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri

Kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri munthawi yanu yosamalira khansa ndizofala. Ndibwino kuti mupeze lingaliro lanu lachiwiri musanayambe chithandizo, chifukwa lingaliro lachiwiri lingasinthe matenda anu ndikupatseni chithandizo chanu. Komabe, mutha kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri nthawi iliyonse mukamalandira chithandizo.

Pakati pa chisamaliro chanu cha khansa, lingalirani zopempha lingaliro lachiwiri munthawi izi:

• lipoti lanu la kudwala litatha
• asanachite opareshoni
• pamene mukukonzekera chithandizo chotsatira opaleshoni
• Mukamalandira chithandizo ngati mukukhulupirira kuti pakhoza kukhala chifukwa chosinthira chithandizo chanu
• mukamaliza mankhwala, makamaka ngati simunapemphe lingaliro lachiwiri musanayambe mankhwala

Kutenga

Ngati mammogram yanu kapena kuyesedwa kwazachipatala kutulutsa nkhawa, onetsetsani kuti mukutsata mayeso ena azidziwitso. Khansa ya m'mawere imachiritsidwa, koma itha kuopseza moyo ngati singayipeze msanga.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri pazowunika pachaka, makamaka ngati muli ndi mbiri yakanema kapena ya khansa ya m'mawere.