Bulimia Nervosa

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro za bulimia nervosa ndi ziti?
• Kodi chimayambitsa bulimia nervosa?
• Kodi bulimia nervosa imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi bulimia amanosa amathandizidwa bwanji?
• Kodi malingaliro a bulimia nervosa ndi otani?

Kodi bulimia nervosa ndi chiyani?

Bulimia nervosa ndi vuto la kudya, lomwe limangotchedwa bulimia. Ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingawononge moyo.

Kawirikawiri amadziwika ndi kudya mowa mwauchidakwa kenako kutsuka. Kuyeretsa kumatha kuchitika posanza, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kumwa mankhwala otsegulitsa m'mimba kapena okodzetsa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia amatsuka, kapena amawonetsa machitidwe oyeretsera, ndikutsatira njira yoledzera ndi yoyeretsera. Makhalidwe oyeretsera amaphatikizanso njira zina zokhazikitsira kulemera monga kusala kudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kudya kwambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osatheka. Amakonda kwambiri kulemera kwawo ndipo amadzitsutsa kwambiri. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi bulimia ndi onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti bulimia ikhale yovuta kuzindikira komanso kuzindikira.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 1.5% ya azimayi ndi .5% ya amuna adzadwala bulimia nthawi ina pamoyo wawo. Amakonda kwambiri amayi, makamaka makamaka pazaka zaunyamata komanso zaka zoyambirira.

Kufikira 20 peresenti ya azaka zakubadwa aku koleji amafotokoza za matenda a bulimia. Osewera nawonso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vuto lakudya, monganso othamanga omwe matupi awo ndi zolemera zawo zimayang'aniridwa bwino. Ndipo ovina, otengera, komanso ochita zisanonso atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kodi zizindikiro za bulimia nervosa ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za bulimia ndi monga:

• mantha a nthawi yayitali onenepa
• ndemanga zokhala wonenepa
• kutanganidwa kwambiri ndi kulemera ndi thupi
• chithunzi cholakwika kwambiri
• kudya kwambiri
• kusanza mwamphamvu
• kumwa mopitirira muyeso mankhwala amadzimadzi kapena okodzetsa
• kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kapena zitsamba zolemetsa
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso
• Mano owonongeka (kuchokera m'mimba asidi)
• ma callus kumbuyo kwa manja
• kupita kuchimbudzi mukangomaliza kudya
• osadya pamaso pa ena
• kusiya zochitika wamba

Zovuta za bulimia zitha kuphatikiza:

• impso kulephera
• mavuto amtima
• chiseyeye
• kuwola mano
• zovuta zakugaya kapena kudzimbidwa
• kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi
• kusowa kwa michere
• electrolyte kapena kusamvana kwamankhwala

Azimayi amatha kusowa msambo. Komanso, nkhawa, kukhumudwa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa mwauchidakwa zimatha kukhala zachilendo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia.

Kodi chimayambitsa bulimia nervosa?

Bulimia ilibe chifukwa chodziwika. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakhudze kukula kwake.

Anthu omwe ali ndimatenda amisala kapena malingaliro olakwika pazowona ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi anthu omwe amafunikira kwambiri kukwaniritsa zikhalidwe ndi zikhalidwe zawo. Anthu amene amatengeka kwambiri ndi wailesi ya kanema atha kukhala pachiwopsezo. Zina ndi monga:

• nkhani zaukali
• kukhumudwa
• ungwiro
• kupupuluma
• Chochitika chosautsa cham'mbuyomu

Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti bulimia ndi cholowa, kapena itha kuyambitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa serotonin muubongo.

Kodi bulimia nervosa imapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti adziwe bulimia. Choyamba, ayesa thupi. Akhozanso kuyitanitsa kuyesa magazi kapena mkodzo. Ndipo kuwunika kwamaganizidwe kukuthandizani kudziwa ubale wanu ndi chakudya komanso mawonekedwe amthupi.

Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsanso ntchito njira zochokera ku Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM-5). DSM-5 ndi chida chodziwitsira chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo ndi njira zodziwira matenda amisala. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti bulimia ndi monga:

• kudya mobwerezabwereza
• kuyeretsa pafupipafupi posanza
• makhalidwe osalekeza, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kusala kudya
• kupeza kudzidalira kulemera ndi mawonekedwe amthupi
• kudya kwambiri, kuyeretsa, ndi kuyeretsa zomwe zimachitika kamodzi pamlungu kwa miyezi itatu pafupipafupi
• osakhala ndi anorexia nervosa

Kukula kwa bulimia wanu kumatha kudziwika ndi kuchuluka kwakanthawi, komwe mumawonetsa, kudya, kapena kuyeretsa. DSM-5 imagawira bulimia kuchokera wofatsa kufikira mopitilira muyeso:

• wofatsa: magawo 1 mpaka 3 pasabata
• zolimbitsa thupi: magawo 4 mpaka 7 pasabata
• zovuta: 8 mpaka 13 zigawo sabata iliyonse
• zoopsa: magawo 14 kapena kupitilira apo pa sabata

Mungafunike kuyesedwa kwina ngati mwakhala ndi bulimia kwa nthawi yayitali. Mayesowa amatha kuwunika zovuta zomwe zingaphatikizepo mavuto amtima wanu kapena ziwalo zina.

Kodi bulimia amanosa amathandizidwa bwanji?

Chithandizochi chimangoyang'ana osati pa maphunziro a chakudya ndi zakudya komanso chithandizo chamankhwala amisala. Zimafunikira kukulitsa malingaliro oyenera aumwini komanso ubale wabwino ndi chakudya. Njira zochiritsira ndi izi:

• antidepressants, monga fluoxetine (Prozac), yomwe ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe amavomerezedwa ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kuti athetse bulimia
• psychotherapy, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti chithandizo chamawu, imatha kuphatikizira chithandizo chamaganizidwe, chithandizo chabanja, komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chamunthu
• othandizira azakudya komanso maphunziro azakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuphunzira za kadyedwe kabwino, kupanga chakudya chopatsa thanzi, mwina pulogalamu yochepetsera thupi
• chithandizo cha zovuta, zomwe zingaphatikizepo kuchipatala chifukwa cha matenda akulu a bulimia

Kuchiza bwino nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kupsinjika maganizo, psychotherapy, ndi njira yolumikizirana pakati pa dokotala wanu, wothandizira zaumoyo, komanso abale ndi abwenzi.

Ena mwa malo odwala matenda opatsirana amapereka mapulogalamu okhalamo kapena masana. Odwala omwe amatenga nawo mbali m'mapulogalamu azachipatala amalandila thandizo nthawi ndi nthawi.

Odwala amatha kuphunzira, kupita kuchipatala, ndi kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Angathenso kuchita yoga wofatsa kuti awonjezere kuzindikira kwa thupi.

Kodi malingaliro a bulimia nervosa ndi otani?

Bulimia imatha kuopseza moyo ngati singalandire chithandizo kapena ngati mankhwala alephera. Bulimia ndimakhalidwe amthupi komanso amisala, ndipo zitha kukhala zovuta kuti muchepetse.

Komabe, bulimia itha kugonjetsedwa ndi chithandizo chabwino. Bulimia wakale amadziwika kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri.

Mankhwala othandiza amayang'ana kwambiri chakudya, kudzidalira, kuthana ndi mavuto, luso lothana ndi mavuto, komanso thanzi lam'mutu. Mankhwalawa amathandiza odwala kukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino kwakanthawi.