Kodi Mutha Kugonjetsa Matenda Ovutika Maganizo?

Zamkati

• Kodi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ndi owopsa ndi ati?
• TCAs
• SSRIs
• SNRIs
• MAOIs
• Kupewa kudzipha
  
• Kodi zizindikilo za bongo ndizizizindikiro ziti?
• Zizindikiro zofatsa
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Matenda a Serotonin
• Zotsatira zothanirana ndi nkhawa
• Zomwe mungachite ngati mukukayikira kuti mwachita zambiri bongo
• Kodi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandizidwa bwanji?
• Mfundo yofunika

Kodi kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikotheka?

Inde, ndizotheka kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala amtundu uliwonse, makamaka ngati atengedwa ndi mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala.

Antidepressants ndi mankhwala akuchipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zipsinjo, kupweteka kosalekeza, ndi zovuta zina zamaganizidwe. Amanenedwa kuti amagwira ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ena - serotonin ndi dopamine - muubongo.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, kuphatikiza:

• mankhwala opatsirana pogonana a tricyclic (TCAs), monga amitriptyline ndi imipramine (Tofranil)
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), monga isocarboxazid (Marplan) ndi phenelzine (Nardil)
• kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors(Ma SSRIs), kuphatikiza fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), ndi escitalopram (Lexapro)
• serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRIs), monga duloxetine (Cymbalta) ndi venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
• antidepressants atypical, kuphatikiza bupropion (Wellbutrin) ndi vortioxetine (Trintellix)

Kuchulukitsa kwa TCA kwawonetsedwa kuti kumakhala ndi zotsatira zakupha kuposa MAOI, SSRI, kapena SNRI overdoses.

Kodi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ndi owopsa ndi ati?

Mlingo woopsa wa wodetsa nkhawa umadalira pazinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo:

• mtundu wa antidepressant
• momwe thupi lanu limagwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawo
• kulemera kwako
• zaka zanu
• ngati muli ndi zovuta zina, monga mtima, impso, kapena chiwindi
• ngati mumamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa kapena mankhwala ena (kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena opatsirana pogonana)

TCAs

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya antidepressants, ma tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) amadzetsa chiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri.

Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa TCA amitriptyline uli pakati pa 40 ndi 100 milligrams (mg). Mlingo wamba wa imipramine umakhala pakati pa 75 ndi 150 mg patsiku. Malingana ndi kafukufuku wina wa 2007 wa deta ya US poizoni, zizindikiro zowopsya zimapezeka ndi mankhwala oposa 1,000 mg. Muyeso limodzi lazachipatala, mlingo woyipitsitsa kwambiri wa imipramine anali 200 mg yokha.

Ofufuzawa adalimbikitsa chithandizo chadzidzidzi kwa aliyense amene watenga mankhwala a desipramine, nortriptyline, kapena trimipramine woposa 2.5 mg pa kilogalamu (kg) ya kulemera. Kwa munthu amene amalemera 70 kg (pafupifupi mapaundi 154), izi zimamasulira pafupifupi 175 mg. Kwa ma TCA ena onse, chithandizo chadzidzidzi chimalimbikitsidwa pamlingo waukulu kuposa 5 mg / kg. Kwa munthu amene amalemera 70 kg, izi zimamasulira pafupifupi 350 mg.

SSRIs

Kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ndi omwe amalembedwa kuthana ndi mavuto chifukwa amakhala ndi zovuta zochepa. Ngati atengedwa yekha, kuchuluka kwa SSRI bongo sikupha kawirikawiri.

Mlingo wamba wa SSRI fluoxetine (Prozac) umakhala pakati pa 20 ndi 80 mg patsiku. Mlingo wotsika ngati 520 mg wa fluoxetine wakhala ukugwirizanitsidwa ndi zotsatira zakupha, koma pali wina amene amatenga magalamu 8 a fluoxetine ndikuchira.

Kuopsa kwa poyizoni ndi kufa kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri ngati SSRI imamwa mowa kapena mankhwala ena.

SNRIs

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) amaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa kuposa ma TCA, koma owopsa kuposa ma SSRIs.

Mlingo wamba wa SNRI venlafaxine umakhala pakati pa 75 ndi 225 mg patsiku, womwe umamwa kawiri kapena katatu. Zotsatira zoyipa zimawoneka pamiyeso yotsika ngati 2,000 mg (2 g).

Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a SNRI sikupha, ngakhale pamlingo waukulu. Matenda ambiri opha bongo amaphatikizapo mankhwala osaposa amodzi.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) ndi gulu lakale la antidepressants ndipo sagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati ambiri. Matenda ambiri a MAOI kawopsedwe amachitika pamene kumwa kwakukulu kumamwa pamodzi ndi mowa kapena mankhwala ena.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za bongo zingachitike ngati mutatenga zoposa thupi lanu. Imfa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito MAOI mopitirira muyeso, koma izi mwina chifukwa chakuti sanapatsidwe malamulo ambiri chifukwa chothandizana nawo ambiri.

Kupewa kudzipha

1. Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina ali pachiwopsezo chodzivulaza kapena kukhumudwitsa wina:
2. • Imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yakomweko.
3. • Khalani ndi munthuyo mpaka thandizo litafika.
4. • Chotsani mfuti, mipeni, mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingakuvulazeni.
5. • Mverani, koma osaweruza, kutsutsana, kuwopseza, kapena kufuula.
6. Ngati inu kapena munthu wina yemwe mumamudziwa akuganiza zodzipha, pezani thandizo kuchokera ku nthawi yovuta kapena njira yodzitchinjiriza. Yesani National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa 800-273-8255.

Kodi zizindikilo za bongo ndizizizindikiro ziti?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse zizindikiro zochepa. Nthawi zina, imfa imatha.

Zizindikiro zanu zimadalira:

• kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mudamwa
• mumakhudzidwa bwanji ndi mankhwalawa
• kaya munamwa mankhwalawa molumikizana ndi mankhwala ena

Zizindikiro zofatsa

Pazofatsa, mutha kukumana ndi izi:

• ana otayirira
• chisokonezo
• mutu
• Kusinza
• pakamwa pouma
• malungo
• kusawona bwino
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• nseru ndi kusanza

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi zovuta, mutha kukumana ndi izi:

• kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo
• kugunda kwamtima mwachangu (tachycardia)
• kugwidwa
• kunjenjemera
• kuthamanga kwa magazi (hypotension)
• chikomokere
• kumangidwa kwamtima
• Matenda okhumudwa
• imfa

Matenda a Serotonin

Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kukhala ndi matenda a serotonin. Matenda a Serotonin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapezeka pamene serotonin imakula kwambiri m'thupi lanu.

Matenda a Serotonin amatha kuyambitsa:

• nseru
• kusanza
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kukokana m'mimba
• chisokonezo
• nkhawa
• kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira (arrhythmia)
• kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kusokonezeka
• chikomokere
• imfa

Zotsatira zothanirana ndi nkhawa

Monga mankhwala ambiri, antidepressants amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zochepa ngakhale pamlingo wochepa. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndi izi:

• mutu
• manjenje
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kusowa chilakolako
• kuvuta kugona
• pakamwa pouma
• kudzimbidwa
• kunenepa
• chizungulire
• kugonana kotsika

Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kukhala zosasangalatsa poyamba, koma zimasintha pakapita nthawi. Ngati mukumana ndi zotsatirazi mukamamwa mankhwalawa, sizitanthauza kuti mwazolowera.

Koma mukuyenera kuuzabe adotolo za zovuta zilizonse zomwe mukukumana nazo. Kutengera kukula kwa chizindikiritso chanu, dokotala angafune kuchepetsa mlingo wanu kapena kukupatsani mankhwala ena.

Zomwe mungachite ngati mukukayikira kuti mwachita zambiri bongo

Ngati mukukayikira kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo achitika, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Simuyenera kudikirira mpaka zizindikiro zanu zikafika poipa kwambiri. Mitundu ina ya antidepressants, makamaka MAOIs, siyingayambitse matendawa kwa maola 24 mutatha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ku United States, mutha kulumikizana ndi National Capital Poison Center ku 1-800-222-1222 ndikudikirira malangizo ena.

Ngati zizindikiro zikukulirakulira, itanani oyang'anira zadzidzidzi kwanuko. Yesetsani kukhala odekha ndikusungitsa thupi lanu podikirira ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi kuti afike.

Kodi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandizidwa bwanji?

Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi amakutengera kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala.

Mutha kupatsidwa makala oyaka moto mukamayenda. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuyamwa mankhwala ndikuchepetsa zina mwazizindikiro zanu.

Mukafika kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala, dokotala wanu amatha kupopa m'mimba mwanu kuti achotse mankhwala omwe atsala. Ngati mukubwadamuka kapena kutengeka, atha kugwiritsa ntchito benzodiazepines kuti akuchepetseni.

Ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za matenda a serotonin, amathanso kupereka mankhwala oletsa serotonin. Madzi othira m'madzi (IV) amathanso kukhala oyenera kudzazanso zakudya zofunikira ndikupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi.

Zizindikiro zanu zikagwa, mudzafunika kuti mukhale mchipatala kuti muwone.

Mfundo yofunika

Mankhwala owonjezera akangotuluka m'dongosolo lanu, mudzachira kwathunthu.

Ma anti-depressants ayenera kumangoyang'aniridwa ndi azachipatala. Simuyenera kumwa mopitilira muyeso wanu, ndipo simuyenera kusintha mlingo popanda kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito antidepressants popanda mankhwala kapena kuwasakaniza ndi mankhwala ena kungakhale koopsa kwambiri. Simungakhale wotsimikiza momwe zingagwirizane ndi thupi lanu kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe mumamwa.

Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana mosangalala kapena kuwasakaniza ndi zinthu zina zosangalatsa, dziwitsani dokotala. Amatha kukuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse chiopsezo chanu chokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kuwonera zosintha zilizonse paumoyo wanu.