Squamous cell carcinoma: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Gulu la squamous cell carcinoma
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Squamous cell carcinoma, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti SCC kapena squamous cell carcinoma, ndi mtundu wa khansa yapakhungu yomwe imatuluka mkamwa, lilime ndi pammero ndipo imayambitsa zizindikilo monga zilonda zomwe sizipola, kutuluka magazi mosavuta komanso mawanga pakhungu khungu, lokhala ndi m'mbali mosasinthasintha komanso lofiira kapena lofiirira.

Nthawi zambiri, squamous cell carcinoma imayamba chifukwa chakuwala kwambiri kwa cheza cha ultraviolet, chotuluka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena mabedi ofufuta, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lowala komanso maso amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa yamtunduwu.

Chithandizo cha squamous cell carcinoma chimadalira kukula kwa chotupacho ndi kuuma kwa maselo a khansa ndipo, makamaka, m'malo oopsa kwambiri, opaleshoni yaying'ono imachitidwa kuti ichotse chotupacho. Chifukwa chake, pakakhala zilonda pakhungu ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dermatologist, chifukwa matendawa atangopezekanso, pamakhala mwayi waukulu wochiritsidwa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Squamous cell carcinoma imawonekera makamaka m'magawo am'kamwa, komabe, imatha kuwoneka mbali iliyonse ya thupi lomwe lakhala padzuwa, monga khungu ndi manja, ndipo imatha kuzindikirika kudzera pazizindikiro monga:

• Bala lomwe silifa ndipo limatuluka magazi mosavuta;
• Ofiira ofiira kapena ofiira;
• Zotupa zoyipa komanso zotuluka pakhungu;
• Kutupa ndi bala lopweteka;
• Zilonda zokhala ndi m'mbali mosakhazikika.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuyang'ana kupezeka kwa mawanga pakhungu, nthawi zambiri, mawanga ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha dzuwa, amatha kupita patsogolo ndikukhala khansa, monga zimachitikira ndi actinic keratoses. Dziwani zambiri za zomwe zili komanso momwe mungachitire ndi actinic keratosis.

Kuphatikiza apo, mukamafufuza ngati pali zotupa pakhungu, m'pofunika kufunafuna chithandizo kwa dermatologist, popeza kuyesedwa ndi maikulosikopu yamphamvu kwambiri kudzachitidwa kuti muwone momwe banga lilili komanso khungu la khungu lingalimbikitsidwe kaya ndi khansa.

Gulu la squamous cell carcinoma

Khansara yamtunduwu imatha kukhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana kutengera mawonekedwe a chotupacho, kuya kwa chotupacho komanso kuwonongeka kwa maselo am'magazi am'magawo ena amthupi, monga ma lymph node ndipo atha kukhala:

• Kusiyanitsa pang'ono: zimachitika pomwe maselo omwe ali ndi matendawa ndi achiwawa komanso amakula mwachangu;
• Kusiyanitsa pang'ono: ndi gawo lapakatikati, momwe maselo a khansa akuchulukirachulukira;
• Kusiyanitsidwa bwino:ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimachitika khungu la khansa likamawoneka ngati khungu la khungu labwino.

Palinso gulu la milandu yomwe chotupacho ndi chozama kwambiri ndipo chimakhudza khungu zosiyanasiyana, lomwe ndi lowopsa la squamous cell carcinoma, kotero kuti liyenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu kuti lisakulenso ndipo silimayambitsa metastasis. Onani zambiri momwe metastasis imachitikira.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa squamous cell carcinoma sizikudziwika bwino, komabe, nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a khansa yamtunduwu imakhudzana ndikuwonetsedwa kwambiri ndi cheza cha ultraviolet, ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kudzera pakamafufuta.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu, kumwa mopitirira muyeso, kuchuluka kwa majini, matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha papillomavirus ya anthu (HPV) komanso kukhudzana ndi mankhwala, monga nthunzi za poizoni ndi acidic, amathanso kukhala zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu wa khansa yapakhungu.

Kuphatikiza apo, zina mwaziwopsezo zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a squamous cell carcinoma, monga kukhala ndi khungu loyera, maso owala kapena tsitsi lofiirira mwachilengedwe kapena lalifupi.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Squamous cell carcinoma imachiritsidwa ndipo chithandizo chimafotokozedwa ndi dermatologist, poganizira kukula, kuzama, malo komanso kuuma kwa chotupacho, komanso thanzi la munthu, lomwe lingakhale:

• Opaleshoni: Zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chilondacho kudzera mu opaleshoni;
• Cryotherapy: ndikuchotsa chotupacho pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ozizira kwambiri, monga nayitrogeni wamadzi;
• Laser mankhwala: zachokera kuthana ndi chotupa cha khansa pogwiritsa ntchito laser;
• Chithandizo chamagetsi: imaphatikizapo kuthetsa maselo a khansa kudzera mu ma radiation;
• Chemotherapy: ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kudzera mumitsempha kupha maselo otupa;
• Chithandizo chamagulu: Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi kuthana ndi squamous cell carcinoma cell, monga mankhwala pembrolizumab.

Radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy zimawonetsedwa nthawi zambiri pomwe squamous cell carcinoma yakhudza magawo angapo amthupi, kuphatikiza magazi, kuchuluka kwa magawo, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndi kutalika kwa chithandizo chamtunduwu zimadalira malingaliro a dokotala.