Matenda a mtima

Zamkati

• Kodi cardiomyopathy ndi chiyani?
• Kodi mitundu ya cardiomyopathy ndi iti?
• Kuchepetsa mtima
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD)
• Kuletsa mtima kwa mtima
• Mitundu ina
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha cardiomyopathy?
• Kodi Zizindikiro za cardiomyopathy ndi ziti?
• Kodi chithandizo cha cardiomyopathy ndi chiani?
• Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

Kodi cardiomyopathy ndi chiyani?

Cardiomyopathy ndi matenda opita patsogolo a myocardium, kapena mtima waminyewa. Nthawi zambiri, minofu ya mtima imafooka ndipo imalephera kupopa magazi mthupi lonse momwe iyenera kukhalira. Pali mitundu yambiri yamatenda amtima omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo, kuyambira pamatenda amtima mpaka pamankhwala ena. Izi zonse zimatha kubweretsa kugunda kwamtima, kulephera kwa mtima, vuto la valavu yamtima, kapena zovuta zina.

Chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chisamaliro chotsatira ndikofunikira. Amatha kuthandiza kupewa kulephera kwa mtima kapena zovuta zina.

Kodi mitundu ya cardiomyopathy ndi iti?

Cardiomyopathy imakhala ndi mitundu inayi.

Kuchepetsa mtima

Fomu yofala kwambiri, yotanuka mtima (DCM), imachitika pamene minofu ya mtima wanu ndi yofooka kwambiri kuti isapope magazi bwino. Minofu imatambasula ndikuchepera. Izi zimapangitsa zipinda za mtima wanu kukulira.

Izi zimadziwikanso kuti mtima wokulitsidwa. Mutha kulandira izi, kapena mwina chifukwa cha matenda amitsempha yamagazi.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy amakhulupirira kuti ndi chibadwa. Zimachitika mtima wanu ukakhazikika ndikutchinga magazi kuti asayende mumtima mwanu. Ndi mtundu wamba wamba wamatenda amtima. Ikhozanso kuyambitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kwakanthawi kapena ukalamba. Matenda ashuga kapena matenda amtundu wa chithokomiro amathanso kuyambitsa hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Palinso zochitika zina zomwe zimayambitsa sizikudziwika.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD)

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wamatenda a mtima, koma ndichomwe chimayambitsa kufa kwadzidzidzi kwa othamanga achichepere. Mu mtundu wamtunduwu wamatenda a mtima, mafuta ndi minofu yowonjezerapo imalowetsa minofu yamitsempha yoyenera. Izi zimayambitsa nyimbo zosadziwika bwino.

Kuletsa mtima kwa mtima

Kuletsa mtima kwa mtima ndizofala kwambiri. Zimachitika pamene ma ventricles amauma ndipo sangathe kumasuka mokwanira kudzaza magazi. Kupunduka kwa mtima, komwe kumachitika pambuyo pokhazikika mtima, kungakhale chifukwa. Zitha kukhalanso chifukwa cha matenda amtima.

Mitundu ina

Mitundu yambiri yotsatirayi ya matenda a mtima ndi imodzi mwamagawo anayi am'mbuyomu, koma iliyonse ili ndi zoyambitsa kapena zovuta zapadera.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy imachitika nthawi yapakati kapena pambuyo pathupi. Mtundu wosowawu umachitika mtima ukafooka pakatha miyezi isanu kuchokera pobereka kapena m'mwezi womaliza woyembekezera. Zikachitika akabereka, nthawi zina amatchedwa postpartum cardiomyopathy. Uwu ndi mawonekedwe am'mimba otukuka, ndipo ndiwowopsa. Palibe chifukwa.

Kuledzera kwa mtima kumachitika chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zitha kufooketsa mtima wanu kuti zisathenso kupopa magazi moyenera. Mtima wanu umakulitsidwa. Uwu ndi mawonekedwe am'mimba otukuka.

Ischemic cardiomyopathy imachitika pamene mtima wanu sungathenso kupopa magazi mthupi lanu lonse chifukwa cha matenda amitsempha. Mitsempha yamagazi yolumikizana ndi minofu ya mtima imakhala yopapatiza komanso yotseka. Izi zimachotsa minofu yamtima ya oxygen. Ischemic cardiomyopathy ndichomwe chimayambitsa mtima kulephera. Kapenanso, nonischemic cardiomyopathy ndi mtundu uliwonse wosagwirizana ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi.

Kusagwirizana kwa mtima, komwe kumatchedwanso spongiform cardiomyopathy, ndi matenda omwe amapezeka pobadwa. Zimachokera kukukula kwachilendo kwa minofu yamtima m'mimba. Kuzindikira kumatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya moyo.

Matenda a mtima akamakhudza mwana, amatchedwa ana cardiomyopathy.

Ngati muli ndi idiopathic cardiomyopathy, zikutanthauza kuti palibe chifukwa chodziwika.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha cardiomyopathy?

Cardiomyopathy imatha kukhudza anthu azaka zonse. Zowopsa zazikulu ndi izi:

• mbiri yabanja yamatenda a mtima, kumangidwa kwamtima kwadzidzidzi, kapena mtima kulephera
• mitima matenda
• matenda ashuga
• kunenepa kwambiri
• sarcoidosis
• hemochromatosis
• amyloidosis
• matenda amtima
• kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali
• uchidakwa

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kachilombo ka HIV, chithandizo cha HIV, komanso zakudya komanso momwe zinthu zimakhalira pamoyo wanu zingakulitsenso chiopsezo cha mtima. HIV imatha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa mtima komanso kuchepa kwa mtima, makamaka. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mayeso omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi kuti muwone ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino. Muyeneranso kutsatira pulogalamu yathanzi labwino komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kodi Zizindikiro za cardiomyopathy ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zamitundu yonse yamatenda amtima zimafanana. Nthawi zonse, mtima sungapumphe magazi mokwanira kumatumba ndi ziwalo za thupi. Zitha kubweretsa zizindikiro monga:

• kufooka kwakukulu ndi kutopa
• kupuma movutikira, makamaka mukamachita khama kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• mutu wopepuka komanso chizungulire
• kupweteka pachifuwa
• kugunda kwa mtima
• kukomoka
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• edema, kapena kutupa, kwa mapazi anu, akakolo, ndi miyendo

Kodi chithandizo cha cardiomyopathy ndi chiani?

Chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana kutengera momwe mtima wanu wawonongeka chifukwa cha mtima wam'mimba komanso zomwe zimayambitsa.

Anthu ena sangasowe chithandizo mpaka kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo. Ena omwe akuyamba kulimbana ndi kupuma kapena kupweteka pachifuwa angafunikire kusintha zina ndi zina kapena kumwa mankhwala.

Simungasinthe kapena kuchiza matenda a mtima, koma mutha kuwongolera ndi izi:

• moyo wathanzi umasintha
• mankhwala, kuphatikizapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupewa kusungidwa kwa madzi, kugunda kwa mtima ndi chizolowezi, kuteteza magazi kuundana, ndi kuchepetsa kutupa
• Zipangizo zopangira opaleshoni, monga zopangira zida zopangira zida zankhondo ndi zotetezera makina
• opaleshoni
• kumuika mtima, komwe kumawerengedwa ngati njira yomaliza

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthandizira mtima wanu kukhala wogwira mtima momwe mungathere komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwina ndi kutayika kwa ntchito.

Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

Cardiomyopathy imatha kuopseza moyo ndipo imatha kufupikitsa chiyembekezo cha moyo wanu ngati kuwonongeka kwakukulu kumayamba msanga. Matendawa amapitanso patsogolo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimayamba kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi. Mankhwala amatha kutalikitsa moyo wanu. Atha kuchita izi pochepetsa kuchepa kwa zomwe zili mumtima mwanu kapena popereka ukadaulo wothandizira mtima wanu kuchita ntchito yake.

Omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima ayenera kusintha zina ndi zina pamoyo wawo kuti akhale ndi thanzi la mtima. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• kukhala wathanzi labwino
• kudya zakudya zosinthidwa
• Kuchepetsa kudya kwa caffeine
• kugona mokwanira
• kuthana ndi kupsinjika
• kusiya kusuta
• kuchepetsa kumwa mowa
• kupeza chithandizo kuchokera kwa mabanja awo, abwenzi, ndi dokotala

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndikumamatira nthawi zonse zolimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kukhala kotopetsa kwa munthu amene ali ndi mtima wowonongeka. Komabe, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu akhale wonenepa komanso wolimbitsa mtima. Ndikofunika kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala wanu ndikuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe salipira ndalama zambiri koma omwe amakusunthirani tsiku lililonse.

Mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ndi abwino kwa inu umadalira mtundu wa matenda amtima omwe muli nawo. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kudziwa njira yoyenera yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo adzakuwuzani zizindikiro zokuchenjezani mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.