Cataract: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Mitundu yamaso
• 1. Senile ng'ala
• 2. Matenda obadwa nawo
• 3. Matenda owopsa
• 4. Matenda achiwiri
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Momwe mungapewere mathithi amaso

Cataract ndi matenda osapweteka omwe amakhudza mandala a diso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masomphenya asinthe pang'onopang'ono. Izi ndichifukwa choti mandala, omwe ndiwowonekera bwino omwe amakhala kuseli kwa mwana wasukulu, amagwira ntchito ngati mandala ndipo amakhudzana ndikuwunika ndikuwerenga. M'maso, mandala amakhala opunduka ndipo diso limawoneka loyera, kumachepetsa masomphenya omwe amakhala osachedwa kupangitsa chidwi cha kuwala, mwachitsanzo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi ukalamba wa mandala, chifukwa chake, ndiofala kwambiri kwa okalamba, koma amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zina, monga matenda ashuga, kugwiritsa ntchito madontho a diso kapena mankhwala a corticosteroids, zikwapu , Matenda a m'maso kapena kusuta. Matenda am'mimba amachiritsidwa, koma opareshoni iyenera kuchitidwa akangodziwa kuti apewe kuwonongeka konse kwamaso.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha ng'ala ndi kusintha kwa diso lomwe limayera, koma zizindikilo zina zomwe zingabuke ndi izi:

• Zovuta kuwona ndikuwona zithunzi;

• Onani anthu opotoka omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osokonekera komanso osasinthika;

• Onani zinthu zobwereza komanso anthu;

• Masomphenya olakwika;

• Kutengeka kowona kuwalako kukuwala mwamphamvu kwambiri ndikupanga ma halos kapena ma halos;

• Kuchuluka kudziwa kuwala;

• Zovuta kusiyanitsa mitundu bwino ndikuzindikira matani ofanana;

• Kusintha kwakanthawi pamlingo wamagalasi.

Zizindikirozi zitha kuwonekera palimodzi kapena padera, ndipo ziyenera kuyesedwa ndi katswiri wa ophthalmologist kuti matendawa athe kupeza chithandizo choyenera.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amaso ndi ukalamba wachilengedwe, chifukwa diso la diso limayamba kukhala lowonekera pang'ono, losasinthasintha komanso lolimba komanso, kuwonjezera apo, thupi silimatha kudyetsa chiwalo ichi.

Komabe, pali zifukwa zina, monga:

• Kuchuluka kwa ma radiation: kutentha kwa dzuwa kapena malo okuchenjera ndi ma X-ray amatha kusokoneza chitetezo chachilengedwe cha maso ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi ya khungu;

• Kumenyedwa m'maso: mathithi amatha kuchitika pambuyo povulala m'maso monga kumenyedwa kapena kuvulala ndi zinthu zolowera zomwe zitha kuwononga mandala;

• Matenda ashuga: matenda ashuga amatha kusintha m'maso, makamaka ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kopanda tanthauzo. Onani kusintha kwina kwamaso chifukwa cha matenda ashuga;

• Matenda osokoneza bongo: Kuwonjezeka kowoneka bwino kwa mandala kumatha kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism ndipo, ngakhale siofala kwambiri, amatha kuyambitsa matenda amiso;

• Matenda ndi njira zotupa: pamenepa, matenda monga conjunctivitis ndi zotupa monga uveitis, zitha kuwonjezera ngozi yakukula kwa khungu;

  
  

• Crisis glaucoma, pathological myopia kapena opaleshoni yam'mbuyomu: glaucoma yokhayo ndi chithandizo chake chitha kubweretsa ku cataract, komanso pathological myopia kapena opaleshoni yamaso;

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mopitirira muyeso: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka madontho amaso omwe amakhala ndi corticosteroids, kumatha kubweretsa ku khungu. Dziwani zomwe mankhwala ena angayambitse ng'ala;

• Zovuta za fetal: kusintha kwa majini kumatha kubweretsa zovuta m'matenda am'maso, kuwononga kapangidwe kake, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa khungu.

Zina mwazinthu zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda amaso monga kumwa kwambiri mowa, kusuta, mbiri yamabanja amaso, kuthamanga magazi komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Kutengera ndi chifukwa chake, mathithi amaso angaganizidwe kuti adapezeka kapena adabadwa, koma obadwa nawo ndi osowa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonekera pakakhala zovuta zina m'banjamo.

Mitundu yamaso

Matenda opatsirana amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera chifukwa chake. Ndikofunika kufunsa dokotala wanu wamaso kuti adziwe mtundu wa cataract ndikupanga chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

1. Senile ng'ala

Matenda am'mimba a Senile ndi okhudzana ndi zaka, nthawi zambiri amawonekera atatha zaka 50 ndipo amapezeka chifukwa chakukalamba kwachilengedwe.

Pali mitundu itatu yamatenda obisika:

• Matenda a nyukiliya: imapangidwa pakatikati pa mandala, ndikupatsa diso mawonekedwe oyera;

• Cortical cataract: zimachitika m'magawo ofananira ndi mandala ndipo sizimasokoneza masomphenya apakati;

• Matenda a posterior subcapsular cataract: nthenda yamtunduwu imachitika pansi pa kapisozi yomwe imazungulira mandala kumbuyo ndipo nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi matenda ashuga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids.

2. Matenda obadwa nawo

Matenda obadwa nawo amafanana ndi kupindika kwa mandala pakukula kwa mwana, komwe kumatha kukhudza diso limodzi kapena onse awiri ndipo kumatha kudziwika atangobadwa, akadali kuchipinda cha amayi, kudzera pakuyesedwa kwa diso. Akazindikira, ndikofunikira kuchita opaleshoniyi mwachangu kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwamaso kapena mavuto ena amaso pakukula.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kubadwa kwa khungu zimatha kukhala zamoyo kapena chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mandimu nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, kuwonjezera pa matenda amadzimadzi monga galactosemia, matenda monga rubella, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi nthawi yapakati, mwachitsanzo.

Dziwani zambiri zamatenda obadwa nawo.

3. Matenda owopsa

Matenda owopsa amatha kupezeka mwa aliyense chifukwa changozi, kuvulala kapena kupwetekedwa m'maso, monga nkhonya, kumenyedwa kapena kulowa kwa zinthu m'maso, mwachitsanzo. Matenda amtunduwu nthawi zambiri samachitika atangopwetekedwa mtima, ndipo zimatha zaka kuti zikule.

4. Matenda achiwiri

Matenda achiwiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda monga matenda ashuga kapena hypothyroidism kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids, mwachitsanzo. Ndikofunika kupitiliza kutsata matendawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa chiopsezo chamatenda.

Onani malangizo 10 osavuta othandizira kuti muchepetse matenda ashuga.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuzindikira kwamaso amaso kumapangidwa ndi ophthalmologist pofufuza mbiri, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, matenda omwe alipo kale ndi zina zowopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, mukayang'ana m'maso ndi chida chotchedwa ophthalmoscope, ndizotheka kudziwa komwe kuli khungu. Dziwani zambiri za mayeso amaso.

Pankhani ya makanda ndi ana, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa adotolo zizindikilo zakuti mwanayo akhoza kukhala ndi ng'ala, monga kuvutika kuyang'ana mwachindunji chinthu kapena kubweretsa manja kumaso nthawi zambiri, makamaka akaunika dzuwa , Mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha cataract chitha kuphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi kapena magalasi olumikizirana kuti athetse vuto la masomphenya, komabe, chithandizo chokhacho chokhoza kuchiritsa mathithi ndi opaleshoni momwe mandala amachotsedwera ndipo magalasi amalowetsedwa m'malo mwake. Dziwani zambiri za opaleshoni yamaso.

Momwe mungapewere mathithi amaso

Njira zina zodzitetezera zitha kupewedwa kuti ziwonekere ngati ng'ala, monga:

• Chitani mayeso amaso pafupipafupi;
• Musagwiritse ntchito madontho a m'maso ndikumwa mankhwala, makamaka corticosteroids, popanda upangiri;
• Valani magalasi kuti muchepetse kuwala kwa dzuwa;
• Siyani kusuta;
• Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa;
• Control matenda ashuga;
• Sungani kulemera koyenera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi mavitamini A, B12, C ndi E, michere monga calcium, phosphorus ndi zinc ndi ma antioxidants monga omega 3 omwe amapezeka mu nsomba, algae ndi mbewu monga chia ndi flaxseed, Mwachitsanzo, momwe zingathandizire kupewa khungu ndi kuteteza maso kuukalamba wachilengedwe.