Mphaka Matenda

Zamkati

• Zoyambitsa
• Zizindikiro
• Zithunzi za zotupa
• Momwe matenda amphaka amadziwira
• Mayeso owopsa pakhungu
• Kuyesa khungu kwamkati
• Kuyezetsa magazi
• Momwe mungathandizire ziwengo zamphaka
• Zithandizo zapakhomo
• Oyeretsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri wamavuto amphaka
• Mphaka ziwengo makanda
• Kuchepetsa ziwengo zamphaka

Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.

Kukhala ndi ziwengo zamphaka

Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu aku America omwe ali ndi ziwengo samayanjana ndi amphaka ndi agalu. Ndipo anthu owirikiza kawiri ali ndi ziwengo zamphaka kuposa ziwengo za agalu.

Kudziwitsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda anu kumakhala kovuta nyama ikakhala m'nyumba mwanu. Zili choncho chifukwa nyumba zimakhala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, monga nthata zafumbi, zomwe zingayambitse zizindikiro zofanana. Ndikofunika kuwona wotsutsana kuti atsimikizire kuti ziweto sizigwirizana.

Zingakhale zovuta kuvomereza kuti mphaka amene mumamukonda akuyambitsa mavuto azaumoyo. Anthu ambiri amasankha kupirira zizindikiro m'malo motaya chiweto chawo. Ngati mwatsimikiza mtima kukhala ndi Fluffy, mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse zizindikilo zanu.

Pemphani kuti muphunzire za zizindikiritso zamatenda amphaka ndi zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe.

Zoyambitsa

Ma genetics amawoneka kuti ali ndi gawo pakukula kwa ziwengo, kutanthauza kuti mumatha kuzipeza ngati muli ndi abale anu omwe nawonso sagwirizana nawo.

Chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimapanga ma antibodies kuti athane ndi zinthu zomwe zitha kupweteketsa thupi lanu, monga mabakiteriya ndi ma virus.Mwa munthu amene ali ndi chifuwa, chitetezo cha mthupi chimalakwitsa cholowerera china chake chovulaza ndikuyamba kupanga ma antibodies kuti chimenyane nacho. Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa monga kuyabwa, kuthamanga mphuno, zotupa pakhungu, ndi mphumu.

Pankhani ya chifuwa cha mphaka, ma allergen amatha kubwera kuchokera ku dander (khungu lakufa lanu) la mphaka, ubweya, malovu, komanso mkodzo wawo. Kupumira mu pet dander kapena kukumana ndi ma allergen kumatha kuyambitsa vuto. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tazinyama titha kunyamulidwa pazovala, kuzungulira mlengalenga, kukhazikika mu mipando ndi zofunda, ndikukhala kumbuyo kwachilengedwe komwe kumapangidwa ndi fumbi.

Zizindikiro

Simusowa kukhala ndi mphaka kuti muzindikire za allergen. Ndi chifukwa chakuti imatha kuyenda pazovala za anthu. Matenda amphaka sangathe kuwoneka masiku angapo ngati chidwi chanu kapena ziwengo zanu zili zochepa.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za mphaka zimatsata mukangomvana ndi mphaka, malovu, kapena mkodzo. Matenda amphaka omwe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi ziwengo zamphaka amatengera amamva malovu amphaka ndi khungu. Amapezeka m'magulu apamwamba pa amphaka amphongo ndipo amasamutsidwa ku ubweya wa mphaka panthawi yokonza. Ma allergen amatha kuyambitsa kutupa ndi kuyabwa kwa nembanemba mozungulira maso ndi mphuno, nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kutupa kwamaso ndi mphuno yodzaza. Anthu ena amatha kuphulika pamaso, pakhosi, kapena pachifuwa chapamwamba chifukwa cha allergen.

Kutopa kumafala chifukwa cha chifuwa chosalandiridwa, monganso chifuwa chomwe chimakhalapo chifukwa chodontha pambuyo pake. Koma zizindikiro monga malungo, kuzizira, mseru, kapena kusanza ziyenera kuganiziridwa zokhudzana ndi matenda osati chifuwa.

Ngati muli ndi vuto latsaka ndipo ziwengo zamphaka zimalowa m'mapapu anu, ma allergen amatha kuphatikiza ndi ma antibodies ndikupangitsa zizindikilo. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kupuma movutikira, kutsokomola, ndi kupuma. Matenda amphaka amatha kuyambitsa matenda a mphumu ndipo amatha kuyambitsa mphumu yayitali.

Mpaka 30 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu amatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu akakumana ndi mphaka. Muyenera kukambirana ndi adotolo za dongosolo lamankhwala ngati zizindikiro zanu zisokoneza kapena zosasangalatsa.

Zithunzi za zotupa

Momwe matenda amphaka amadziwira

Pali njira ziwiri zoyesera zovuta zilizonse, kuphatikiza amphaka: kuyesa khungu ndi kuyesa magazi. Pali mitundu iwiri yoyesera kuyesa khungu. Kuyezetsa khungu ndi khungu la intradermal. Mayesero onsewa amapereka zotsatira mwachangu ndipo amakhala otsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi magazi.

Mankhwala ena amatha kusokoneza kuyesedwa kwa khungu, choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala kuti ndi mayeso ati omwe angakuthandizeni. Kuyezetsa khungu nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa ndi wotsutsa chifukwa chotheka kuyesedwa kwakanthawi poyesedwa.

Mayeso owopsa pakhungu

Mayesowa amachitika muofesi ya dokotala kuti azitha kuwona zomwe akuchita.

Pogwiritsa ntchito singano yoyera, dokotala wanu adzakuboola khungu lanu (nthawi zambiri pamphumi kapena kumbuyo), ndikuyika kachilombo kocheperako. Muyenera kuti mudzayesedwe ndi ma allergen angapo nthawi imodzi. Mudzaphwanyidwa khungu ndi yankho lolamulira lomwe lilibe ma allergen. Dokotala wanu amatha kuwerengera chidule chilichonse kuti azindikire zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Pafupifupi mphindi 15 mpaka 20, malo obaya khungu amatha kukhala ofiira kapena otupa. Izi zimatsimikizira kusagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa. Kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa nthawi zambiri kamayambitsa matenda ofiira. Zotsatira zosakondweretsazi zimatha mphindi 30 pambuyo pa mayeso.

Kuyesa khungu kwamkati

Mayesowa amachitikanso kuofesi ya dokotala kuti athe kuwona momwe angachitire.

Ma allergen omwe angakhalepo atha kubayidwa pansi pa khungu la mkono kapena mkono. Mabampu ofiira ofiira amawoneka osangalala.

Kuyesa kwa intradermal kumawoneka kovuta kwambiri kuti muzindikire zovuta kuposa kuyesa khungu, kutanthauza kuti kungakhale bwino pakuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino ngati zovuta zilipo. Komanso itha kukhala ndi zabwino zambiri zabodza kuposa kuyesa khungu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimayambitsa khungu pakakhala zovuta.

Kuyezetsa khungu konse kumathandizira pakuwunika. Dokotala inu mufotokoza njira yoyesera yomwe ingakuthandizeni kwambiri.

Kuyezetsa magazi

Anthu ena sangayesedwe khungu, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha khungu lomwe lakhalapo kapena msinkhu wawo. Ana aang'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri poyesa khungu. Zikatero, adokotala amalamula kuti akayezetse magazi. Magazi adzatengedwa mwina ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena labotale kenako nkumatumiza kukayezetsa. Amayesanso magaziwo kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi ma allergen, monga cat dander. Zotsatirazo zimatenga nthawi yayitali, koma palibe chiopsezo chilichonse chothandizidwa poyesa magazi.

Momwe mungathandizire ziwengo zamphaka

Kupewa allergen ndibwino, koma ngati sizingatheke, mankhwala otsatirawa atha kuthandiza:

• antihistamines, monga diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine (Claritin) kapena cetirizine (Zyrtec)
• mapiritsi a corticosteroid nasal monga fluticasone (Flonase) kapena mometasone (Nasonex)
• opopera mankhwala owonjezera pa-kauntala
• cromolyn sodium, yomwe imaletsa kutulutsa kwa chitetezo chamthupi ndipo imatha kuchepetsa zizindikilo
• kuwombera komwe kumatchedwa immunotherapy (kuwombera kotsika komwe kumakuchulukitsani kwa allergen)
• leukotriene inhibitors, monga montelukast (Singulair)

Chifukwa cha, montelukast iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mankhwala ena opatsirana sapezeka.

Gulani Benadryl, Claritin, kapena Flonase tsopano.

Zithandizo zapakhomo

Kuchapa m'mphuno ndi njira yothetsera mavuto azizindikiro zamatenda amphaka. Madzi amchere (saline) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka njira zanu zammphuno, kuchepetsa kupsinjika, kudonthoza kwa postnasal, ndi kuyetsemula. Pali mitundu ingapo yamalonda yomwe ilipo. Mutha kupanga madzi amchere kunyumba pophatikiza 1/8 supuni ya supuni ya mchere wapatebulo ndi ma ola 8 amadzi otchezedwa.

Malinga ndi, butterbur (mankhwala owonjezera azitsamba), kutema mphini, ndi maantibiotiki amatha kusintha zizindikiritso za nyengo. Komabe, kafukufuku ndi ochepa. Sizikudziwika bwino kuti mankhwalawa angakhale othandiza makamaka pazovuta za ziweto. Mankhwala azitsamba omwe amawonetsa phindu lake ndi omwe amagawana zomwezo mthupi poyerekeza ndi mankhwala amwambo.

Gulani zowonjezera mafuta a butterbur.

Oyeretsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri wamavuto amphaka

Zosefera zapamwamba kwambiri zamagulu amlengalenga (HEPA) ndi imodzi mwanjira zabwino kwambiri zodzitetezera kumatenda amphaka. Amachepetsa ziweto zomwe zimakwera chifukwa choumiriza mpweya kudzera mu fyuluta yapadera yomwe imakola nyama zoyenda, komanso mungu, nthata, ndi zina zonse.

Gulani zosefera za HEPA.

Mphaka ziwengo makanda

Pali kutsutsana kosalekeza pakati pa asayansi ngati ana omwe amakumana ndi nyama ali aang'ono kwambiri amayenera kudwala chifuwa, kapena ngati izi sizowona. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wafika pamalingaliro otsutsana. Kafukufuku wa 2015 adapeza kuti kuwulula ana kwa amphaka ndi agalu kunyumba kumalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chodwala chifuwa m'zaka zinayi zoyambirira za moyo wamwana.

Kumbali inayi, kafukufuku wa 2011 adapeza kuti makanda omwe amakhala ndi amphaka, makamaka mchaka choyamba cha moyo, amapanga ma antibodies kwa chiweto ndipo sangakhale ndi ziwopsezo pambuyo pake.

Kafukufuku wa 2017 adapeza kuti amphaka ndi agalu atha kupindulitsa powonetsa ana ku mabakiteriya ena athanzi kumayambiriro kwa moyo wawo. Kafukufukuyu adatsimikiza kuti makanda omwe agwidwa mphaka kapena galu mnyumba panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati atha kukhala ndi mavuto ochepa mtsogolo kuposa ana omwe sanawululidwe.

Dokotala wanu athe kuyankha mafunso omwe mungakhale nawo okhudzana ndi mwana wanu komanso mphaka wanu. Kwa ana omwe sagwirizana nawo, kuchotsa zidole za nsalu ndi nyama zodzikongoletsera ndikuziika ndi pulasitiki kapena zotsuka zingathandize kuthetsa zizindikilo.

Kuchepetsa ziwengo zamphaka

Kupewa ndikwabwino kupewa chifuwa poyamba. Koma ngati mupeza kuti simukugwirizana ndi mphaka wanu, pali njira zina kuposa kuchotsa chiweto chanu. Ganizirani njira izi zochepetsera matenda anu.

• Sungani mphaka m'chipinda chanu chogona.
• Sambani m'manja mutakhudza paka.
• Chotsani makoma olimbitsira khoma ndi mipando yolumikizidwa. Matabwa kapena matailosi pansi ndi makoma oyera amathandiza kuchepetsa zotulukapo.
• Sankhani zokutira kapena zophimba mipando zomwe zimatha kutsukidwa m'madzi otentha, ndikuzitsuka pafupipafupi.
• Phimbani zotchingira zotenthetsera komanso zoziziritsira mpweya ndi zinthu zosefera monga cheesecloth.
• Ikani choyeretsa mpweya.
• Sinthani zosefera pazoyatsira mpweya ndi ng'anjo pafupipafupi.
• Sungani chinyezi m'nyumba mwanu pafupifupi 40%.
• Pukutani sabata iliyonse ndi sefa ya HEPA.
• Gwiritsani ntchito chigoba kumaso mukamapukuta fumbi kapena kutsuka.
• Mulembeni munthu wosadukiza kuti azipukuta pakhomopo ndikutsuka zinyalala.

Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la mphaka, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za immunotherapy yankho la nthawi yayitali.