Kodi coma ndi chiyani, zimayambitsa zazikulu komanso momwe amathandizira mankhwala

Zamkati

• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Mitundu yayikulu

Coma ndimkhalidwe womwe umadziwika ndikuchepetsa msinkhu wazidziwitso momwe munthu amawoneka kuti akugona, samayankha zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe komanso sichisonyeza kudziwa za iye. Zikatero, ubongo umapitilizabe kutulutsa ma magetsi omwe amatha kugwira ntchito zofunika, monga kugunda kwa mtima.

Vutoli limatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zochitika zingapo monga kuvulala kwam'mutu, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakumenya mwamphamvu kumutu, matenda komanso kumwa kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mowa, pamenepa, amatchedwa chikomokere woledzeretsa.

Kukomako kumatha kugawidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mulingo wa Glasgow, momwe dokotala kapena namwino wophunzitsidwa amawunika momwe munthuyo amagwirira ntchito, mawu komanso mawonekedwe ake pakadali pano, kutha kuwonetsa milingo ya munthuyo, motero, kupewa zotheka kuti zitheke komanso kukhazikitsa zabwino kwambiri chithandizo. Onani zambiri momwe sikelo ya Glasgow imagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa chikomokere sizimamveka bwino, komabe, zinthu zina zimatha kupangitsa munthu kugwa chikomokere, zomwe zitha kukhala:

• Mphamvu ya mankhwala aliwonse kapena mankhwala, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa mopitirira muyeso;
• Matenda, monga meninjaitisi kapena sepsis, mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kuzindikira kwa munthu chifukwa chakugwira ziwalo zosiyanasiyana;
• Kukha mwazi kwa ubongo, yomwe imadziwika ndi kutuluka magazi muubongo chifukwa chong'ambika kwa mtsempha wamagazi;
• Sitiroko, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kusokonezeka kwa magazi kumadera ena a ubongo;
• Kusokonezeka mutu, komwe ndi kuvulaza chigaza chifukwa cha kufinya, mabala kapena mikwingwirima ndikuti pakakhala kufooka muubongo, kumatchedwa kuvulala kwam'mutu;
• Kupanda oxygenation muubongo, chifukwa cha matenda am'mapapo akulu kapena kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon monoxide wambiri, monga utsi wamagalimoto agalimoto kapena kutentha kwanyumba, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, chikomokere chitha kukhala chifukwa cha hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia, ndiye kuti, chifukwa cha mavuto azaumoyo omwe amachititsa kuti shuga ikwere kapena kutsika kwambiri, komanso ndi hyperthermia, pomwe kutentha kwa thupi kumakhala pamwamba pa 39 ℃, kapena hypothermia, komwe imachitika panthawi yomwe kutentha kumatsikira pansi pa 35 ℃.

Ndipo komabe, kutengera chifukwa cha chikomokere, munthuyo amatha kufikira kufa kwaubongo, momwe ubongo sukutulutsanso zida zamagetsi mthupi. Dziwani kusiyana pakati pa kufa kwa ubongo ndi kukomoka.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha chikomokere chimadalira pazomwe zimayambitsa vutoli, ndipo kuchira kwa chidziwitso ndi njira yomwe imachitika pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina ndikuwongolera mwachangu, koma pamavuto akulu, munthuyo amatha kukhalabe vegetative, momwe munthu amatha kudzuka, koma amakhala atakomoka ndipo samadziwa za nthawi, iyemwini komanso zochitika. Dziwani zambiri za dziko lamasamba.

Nthawi zomwe munthu sangakhale pachiwopsezo cha imfa ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa chikomokere zayang'aniridwa kale, gulu la ICU la madotolo ndi anamwino limayesetsa kupereka chisamaliro chomwe chimathandiza kupewa zilonda za pabedi, matenda opatsirana muchipatala, monga chibayo ngati munthu akupuma mwa zida, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zonse za thupi zikuyenda bwino.

Nthawi zambiri, munthuyo amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito chubu podyetsa komanso kuti athetse mkodzo, kuwonjezera pakuyenera kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, kuti minofu ndi kupuma zikhale bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tikhale ndi chithandizo komanso kupezeka kwa banjali, popeza kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kumva ndiye lingaliro lomaliza lomwe latayika, kotero ngakhale ngati munthuyo sakuchitapo kanthu ndipo sakumvetsa bwino zomwe wam'banjayo akunena, a ubongo umatha kuzindikira mawu ndi mawu achikondi ndikuchita mwanjira yabwino.

Mitundu yayikulu

Chikomacho chitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu, kutengera chifukwa chomwe chidayambitsa kuyambika kwa matendawa, monga:

• Kukomoka: amatchedwanso sedation, ndi mtundu wa chikomokere womwe umachitika popereka mankhwala mumtsempha womwe umachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwaubongo, kuwonetsedwa ndi madotolo kuti ateteze ubongo wa munthu yemwe wavulala kwambiri ubongo, amachepetsa kutupa komanso kupewa kuwonjezeka kwa kupanikizika kopanda mphamvu, kapena kuti munthu azipuma mwa zida;
• Kamangidwe Coma: imakhala ndi mtundu wa chikomokere chomwe chimadza chifukwa chovulala muubongo kapena dongosolo lamanjenje, chifukwa chovulala koopsa muubongo, chifukwa cha ngozi yagalimoto kapena njinga yamoto, kapena chifukwa chovulala muubongo chifukwa cha sitiroko;
• Kudya kopanda mawonekedwe: zimachitika munthuyo ali chikomokere chifukwa chakumwa mowa mwauchidakwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa mopitirira muyeso, koma amatha kuwonekeranso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga odziwika bwino, zomwe zimabweretsa kusokonezeka kwa ubongo ndipo chifukwa cha chikomokere .

Palinso matenda a Locked-in, omwe amatchedwanso Incarceration syndrome, omwe amatha kubweretsa chikomokere, komabe, pakadali pano, ngakhale ziwalo za minyewa ya thupi ndizosatheka kuyankhula, munthuyo amakhala akudziwa zonse zomwe zimachitika mozungulira inu. Onani zambiri zomwe matenda amndende ndi momwe amathandizira.