Khungu khungu: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro ndi zifukwa zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Khungu khungu, lotchedwa nictalopia, ndizovuta kuwona m'malo ochepa, monga zimachitikira usiku, kukakhala mdima wandiweyani. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kukhala ndi masomphenya masana masana.

Komabe, khungu lakhungu si matenda, koma chizindikiro kapena zovuta zamavuto ena, monga xerophthalmia, cataract, glaucoma kapena matenda ashuga retinopathy. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kukaonana ndi dokotala wa maso kuti adziwe kupezeka kwa matenda ena amaso ndikuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera.

Chifukwa chake, khungu lakhungu limachiritsidwa, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa, makamaka mankhwala akayambitsidwa mwachangu komanso moyenera.

Zizindikiro ndi zifukwa zazikulu

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha khungu lakhungu ndi zovuta kuwona m'malo amdima, makamaka mukamachokera kumalo owala kupita kumdima, monga polowa m'nyumba kapena dzuwa litalowa, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi khungu losautsidwa usiku ayenera kupewa kuyendetsa galimoto masana kapena usiku, kuti ateteze.

Vutoli pakuwona limachitika magulu a pigment mu zotengera za retinal, zotchedwa rhodopsin, atachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti diso likwaniritse zinthu mopepuka.

Ma receptors awa nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi kusowa kwa vitamini A, komwe kumayambitsa xerophthalmia, koma amathanso kusinthidwa pakakhala matenda ena amaso monga glaucoma, retinopathy, myopia kapena retinitis pigmentosa, mwachitsanzo.

Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungazindikire ndi kuthandizira xerophthalmia.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha khungu usiku chimadalira chifukwa chomwe chikuyambitsa kusintha kwa ma retinal receptors. Chifukwa chake, zina mwanjira zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:

• Magalasi ndi magalasi olumikizirana: amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu myopia kukonza masomphenya;
• Maso akutsikira: kulola kuthamanga kuthamanga mu diso milandu, kusintha zizindikiro;
• Zowonjezera Vitamini A.: amalimbikitsidwa pakakhala vuto la xerophthalmia chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vitamini A;
• Opaleshoni: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khungu kwa okalamba ndikusintha masomphenya.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati matenda ena aliwonse obisika m'maso amapezeka, dokotala atha kuyitanitsa mayeso ena monga optical tomography kapena ultrasound kuti atsimikizire kusintha kwa mankhwalawo, omwe atha kutenga nthawi yayitali.