Cholesterol

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?
• Kodi HDL, LDL, ndi VLDL ndi chiyani?
• Kodi chimayambitsa cholesterol chambiri ndi chiyani?
• Kodi chingayambitse chiopsezo cha cholesterol chambiri?
• Kodi ndimatenda ati omwe cholesterol chambiri chingayambitse?
• Kodi cholesterol yapamwamba imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji mafuta m'thupi?

Chidule

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chopaka mafuta, chofanana ndi mafuta chomwe chimapezeka m'maselo onse m'thupi lanu. Thupi lanu limafuna cholesterol kuti apange mahomoni, vitamini D, ndi zinthu zomwe zimakuthandizani kugaya zakudya. Thupi lanu limapanga cholesterol yonse yomwe imafunikira. Cholesterol imapezekanso mu zakudya zochokera ku nyama, monga mazira a dzira, nyama, ndi tchizi.

Ngati muli ndi cholesterol yambiri m'magazi anu, imatha kuphatikizana ndi zinthu zina m'magazi kuti ipange chikwangwani. Chipilala chimamatira pamakoma amitsempha yanu. Chipilalachi chimadziwika kuti atherosclerosis. Zitha kubweretsa matenda amitsempha yamitsempha, pomwe mitsempha yanu yamatenda imakhala yopapatiza kapena yotsekedwa.

Kodi HDL, LDL, ndi VLDL ndi chiyani?

HDL, LDL, ndi VLDL ndi lipoproteins. Ndiwo mafuta (lipid) ndi mapuloteni. Lipids imafunika kulumikizidwa ndi mapuloteni kuti azitha kuyenda m'magazi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lipoproteins ili ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana:

• HDL imayimira lipoprotein yochulukirapo. Nthawi zina amatchedwa "wabwino" cholesterol chifukwa amanyamula cholesterol kuchokera mbali zina za thupi lanu kubwerera ku chiwindi. Chiwindi chanu chimachotsa cholesterol mthupi lanu.
• LDL imayimira lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri. Nthawi zina amatchedwa "cholesterol" yoyipa chifukwa kuchuluka kwa LDL kumabweretsa chikwangwani chambiri m'mitsempha yanu.
• VLDL imayimira lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri. Anthu ena amatchedwanso VLDL "cholesterol" choyipa chifukwa imathandizanso pakapangidwe kazitsulo m'mitsempha yanu. Koma VLDL ndi LDL ndizosiyana; VLDL makamaka imanyamula triglycerides ndipo LDL makamaka imanyamula cholesterol.

Kodi chimayambitsa cholesterol chambiri ndi chiyani?

Zomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yambiri ndimakhalidwe osayenera. Izi zitha kuphatikizira

• Kudya kosayenera, monga kudya mafuta ambiri oyipa. Mtundu umodzi, mafuta okhutira, umapezeka munyama zina, zopangira mkaka, chokoleti, zinthu zophika, ndi zakudya zokazinga kwambiri. Mtundu wina, mafuta opatsirana, umakhala mu zakudya zina zokazinga ndi zopangidwa. Kudya mafutawa kumatha kukweza cholesterol chanu LDL (choyipa).
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndimakhala pang'ono komanso ndimachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Izi zimachepetsa cholesterol yanu ya HDL (yabwino).
• Kusuta, zomwe zimachepetsa cholesterol ya HDL, makamaka azimayi. Zimakwezanso cholesterol yanu ya LDL.

Chibadwa chingapangitsenso anthu kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri. Mwachitsanzo, banja la hypercholesterolemia (FH) ndi mtundu wobadwa nawo wama cholesterol ambiri. Matenda ena ndi mankhwala ena amathanso kuyambitsa cholesterol.

Kodi chingayambitse chiopsezo cha cholesterol chambiri?

Zinthu zingapo zimatha kubweretsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri.

• Zaka. Mafuta anu a cholesterol amakula mukamakula. Ngakhale ndizochepa, anthu achichepere, kuphatikiza ana ndi achinyamata, amathanso kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri.
• Chibadwa. Cholesterol wambiri wamagazi amatha kuyenda m'mabanja.
• Kulemera. Kulemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri kumakulitsa mafuta m'thupi.
• Mpikisano. Mitundu ina imatha kukhala ndi chiwopsezo chambiri chokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anthu aku Africa America amakhala ndi ma HDL komanso LDL cholesterol ambiri kuposa azungu.

Kodi ndimatenda ati omwe cholesterol chambiri chingayambitse?

Ngati muli ndi zikwangwani zazikulu m'mitsempha yanu, malo olembapo amatha kuphulika (kutseguka). Izi zitha kupangitsa magazi kukhala pamwamba penipeni pa chipikacho. Ngati chovalacho chimakula mokwanira, chimatha kulepheretsa magazi kuyenda mumitsempha yamagazi.

Ngati kutuluka kwa magazi okosijeni mumtima mwanu kumachepetsedwa kapena kutsekedwa, kumatha kuyambitsa angina (kupweteka pachifuwa) kapena matenda amtima.

Plaque amathanso kupangika m'mitsempha ina m'thupi lanu, kuphatikiza mitsempha yomwe imabweretsa magazi olemera okosijeni kuubongo ndi ziwalo zanu. Izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto monga carotid artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease.

Kodi cholesterol yapamwamba imapezeka bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri palibe zizindikilo kapena zizindikilo zakuti muli ndi cholesterol yambiri. Pali kuyezetsa magazi kuti muyese cholesterol yanu. Nthawi ndi kangati zomwe muyenera kuyezetsa zimadalira msinkhu wanu, zoopsa, komanso mbiri ya banja. Malingaliro onsewa ndi awa:

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 19 kapena ochepera:

• Chiyeso choyamba chiyenera kukhala pakati pa zaka 9 mpaka 11
• Ana ayenera kuyesedwanso zaka zisanu zilizonse
• Ana ena amatha kuyezetsa kuyambira ali ndi zaka 2 ngati pali mbiri yabanja yokhudza cholesterol yamagazi, matenda amtima, kapena sitiroko

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 20 kapena kupitirira:

• Achichepere akulu ayenera kuyesa mayeso zaka zisanu zilizonse
• Amuna azaka zapakati pa 45 mpaka 65 ndipo azimayi azaka 55 mpaka 65 ayenera kukhala nawo zaka 1 mpaka 2 zilizonse

Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji mafuta m'thupi?

Mutha kutsitsa cholesterol yanu pakusintha kwamoyo wathanzi. Amaphatikizapo dongosolo lakudya wathanzi pamtima, kuwongolera kunenepa, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.

Ngati moyo wanu ukusintha nokha musachepetse mafuta mokwanira, mungafunenso kumwa mankhwala. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi omwe amapezeka, kuphatikiza ma statins. Ngati mumamwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol wanu, mukuyenera kupitirizabe ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la hypercholesterolemia (FH) atha kulandira chithandizo chotchedwa lipoprotein apheresis. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito makina osefa kuchotsa LDL cholesterol m'magazi. Kenako makinawo akubwezera magazi otsalawo kwa munthuyo.

NIH: National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute

• Mkhalidwe Wachibadwa Umaphunzitsa Achinyamata Kufunika Kwa Thanzi La Mtima
• Zomwe Mukuchita Panopa Zitha Kuteteza Matenda a Mtima Pambuyo pake