Kusokonezeka Kwakukulu (Matenda Abwino)

Zamkati

• Kodi vuto lalikulu lachisoni ndi liti?
• Kodi Zizindikiro za Matenda Aakulu Achisoni Ndi Zotani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu?
• Kodi matenda ovutika maganizo amachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Mankhwala
• Kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Mankhwala ena
• Kuchiza matenda
• Zosintha m'moyo
• Idyani bwino
• Pewani mowa ndi zakudya zina zopangidwa
• Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Gonani bwino
• Kodi munthu amene ali ndi matenda ovutika maganizo amawaona bwanji?
• Maganizo ofuna kudzipha

Zithunzi za Motort / Getty

Kodi vuto lalikulu lachisoni ndi liti?

Zachisoni ndichinthu chachilengedwe chomwe chimachitikira anthu. Anthu amatha kumva chisoni kapena kukhumudwa wokondedwa wawo akamwalira kapena akamakumana ndi zovuta pamoyo wawo, monga kusudzulana kapena matenda akulu.

Maganizo amenewa amakhala a kanthawi kochepa. Wina akamakhala wachisoni kwanthawi yayitali, amatha kukhala ndi matenda amisala monga vuto lalikulu lachisokonezo (MDD).

MDD, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti kukhumudwa kwamankhwala, ndi vuto lalikulu lazachipatala lomwe lingakhudze madera ambiri m'moyo wanu. Zimakhudza momwe zimakhalira komanso machitidwe ake komanso zochitika zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi, monga kudya ndi kugona.

MDD ndiimodzi mwazomwe zimafala kwambiri ku United States. Zambiri zikuwonetsa kuti opitilira 7 peresenti ya akulu aku US adakumana ndi vuto lalikulu mu 2017.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi MDD samafuna chithandizo. Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kuphunzira kuthana ndi magwiridwe antchito. Mankhwala, psychotherapy, ndi njira zina zitha kuthandizira bwino anthu omwe ali ndi MDD ndikuwathandiza kuthana ndi matenda awo.

Kodi Zizindikiro za Matenda Aakulu Achisoni Ndi Zotani?

Dokotala wanu kapena wamisala amatha kukupangitsani kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu lokhumudwitsidwa kutengera zomwe mumakumana nazo, momwe mumamvera, komanso machitidwe anu.

Nthawi zambiri, mudzafunsidwa mafunso ena kapena kupatsidwa mafunso kuti athe kudziwa ngati muli ndi MDD kapena matenda ena.

Kuti mupezeke ndi MDD, muyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zalembedwa mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM). Bukuli limathandizira akatswiri azachipatala kuzindikira zaumoyo wamisala.

Malinga ndi momwe amafunira:

• muyenera kusintha momwe mumagwirira ntchito kale
• Zizindikiro zimayenera kuchitika kwa milungu iwiri kapena kupitilira apo
• Chizindikiro chimodzi chimakhala kukhumudwa kapena kutaya chidwi kapena zosangalatsa

Muyeneranso kukumana ndi zizindikiro zisanu kapena zingapo zotsatirazi munthawi yamasabata awiri:

• Mumakhala achisoni kapena okwiya nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi tsiku lililonse.
• Simulinso ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe mumakonda.
• Mwadzidzidzi umachepetsa kapena kunenepa kapena kusintha njala.
• Mumavutika kugona kapena mukufuna kugona kuposa masiku onse.
• Mumakhala ndi nkhawa.
• Mumamva kutopa modabwitsa komanso kusowa mphamvu.
• Mumadzimva wopanda pake kapena wolakwa, nthawi zambiri pazinthu zomwe sizimakupangitsani kumva choncho.
• Mumavutikira kusumika, kuganiza, kapena kupanga zisankho.
• Mukuganiza zodzipweteka kapena kudzipha.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu?

Zomwe zimayambitsa MDD sizikudziwika. Komabe, pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingapangitse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi vutoli.

Kuphatikiza kwa majini ndi kupsinjika kumatha kukhudza umagwirira wamaubongo ndikuchepetsa kuthekera kokhala ndi bata.

Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumathandizanso pakukula kwa MDD.

MDD ingayambitsenso ndi:

• kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• matenda ena, monga khansa kapena hypothyroidism
• mitundu ina ya mankhwala, kuphatikiza ma steroids
• kuzunzidwa ali mwana

Kodi matenda ovutika maganizo amachiritsidwa bwanji?

MDD nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ndi psychotherapy. Zosintha zina pamoyo zingathandizenso kuchepetsa zizindikilo zina.

Anthu omwe ali ndi MDD yoopsa kapena omwe amaganiza zodzipweteka okha angafunike kukhala m'chipatala panthawi yachipatala. Ena angafunikenso kutenga nawo mbali pulogalamu yothandizira odwala mpaka matendawa atayamba.

Mankhwala

Omwe amapereka chithandizo choyambirira nthawi zambiri amayamba kulandira chithandizo cha MDD polemba mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa.

Kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

SSRIs ndi mtundu womwe umaperekedwa kawirikawiri wopanikizika. SSRIs imagwira ntchito pothandiza kulepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa serotonin muubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi neurotransmitter yambiri.

Serotonin ndi mankhwala amubongo omwe amakhulupirira kuti amachititsa kuti azisangalala. Zitha kuthandizira kusintha malingaliro ndikupanga magonedwe abwino.

Anthu omwe ali ndi MDD nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti ali ndi serotonin yochepa. SSRI imatha kuthetsa zizindikiritso za MDD powonjezera kuchuluka kwa serotonin yomwe ilipo muubongo.

SSRIs imaphatikizapo mankhwala odziwika bwino monga fluoxetine (Prozac) ndi citalopram (Celexa). Amakhala ndi zovuta zochepa zomwe anthu ambiri amazipirira.

Mofanana ndi SSRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) ndi mtundu wina wa anti-depressant womwe nthawi zambiri umaperekedwa. Izi zimakhudza serotonin ndi norepinephrine.

Mankhwala ena

Tricyclic antidepressants ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti atypical antidepressants, monga bupropion (Wellbutrin), atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ena sanathandize.

Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zingapo, kuphatikiza kunenepa komanso kugona tulo. Monga mankhwala aliwonse, zabwino ndi zoyipa zimafunika kuyezedwa mosamala ndi dokotala.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza MDD siabwino ngakhale ali ndi pakati kapena poyamwitsa. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyankhula ndi wothandizira zaumoyo mukakhala ndi pakati, mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa.

Kuchiza matenda

Psychotherapy, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti chithandizo chamaganizidwe kapena mankhwala olankhula, itha kukhala yothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MDD. Zimaphatikizira kukumana ndi othandizira nthawi zonse kuti mukambirane za matenda anu komanso zina zokhudzana nazo.

Psychotherapy ikhoza kukuthandizani:

• sinthani ndi zovuta kapena zovuta zina
• sinthani zikhulupiriro ndi mikhalidwe yoyipa ndikuyika zabwino, zathanzi
• sinthani luso lanu lolankhulana
• pezani njira zabwino zothetsera mavuto ndikuthana ndi mavuto
• onjezerani kudzidalira kwanu
• pezani kudzimva kokhutira komanso kuwongolera pamoyo wanu

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amathanso kulangiza mitundu ina yamankhwala, monga chidziwitso chazithandizo zamankhwala kapena chithandizo chamunthu. Ngati mulibe kale wothandizira zaumoyo, chida cha Healthline FindCare chingakuthandizeni kupeza dokotala mdera lanu.

Chithandizo china chotheka ndi mankhwala am'magulu, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wogawana zakukhosi kwanu ndi anthu omwe amatha kudziwa zomwe mukukumana nazo.

Zosintha m'moyo

Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala ndikuthandizira kuchipatala, mutha kuthandizanso kukonza zizindikiritso za MDD posintha zizolowezi zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku.

Idyani bwino

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimapindulitsa malingaliro anu ndi thupi lanu, ndipo ngakhale kuti palibe zakudya zomwe zingachiritse kukhumudwa, zosankha zina zathanzi zimatha kukupindulitsani.

Ganizirani kudya zakudya:

• okhala ndi omega-3 fatty acids, monga nsomba
• mavitamini B ambiri, monga nyemba ndi mbewu zonse
• ndi magnesium, yomwe imapezeka mu mtedza, mbewu, ndi yogurt

Pewani mowa ndi zakudya zina zopangidwa

Zimapindulitsa kupeŵa mowa, chifukwa ndi kupsinjika kwa dongosolo lamanjenje komwe kumatha kukulitsa zizindikiritso zanu.

Komanso, zakudya zina zoyengedwa, zosakidwa, komanso zokazinga zili ndi omega-6 fatty acids, omwe angapangitse MDD.

Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Ngakhale MDD imatha kukupangitsani kumva kuti ndinu otopa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kukhala olimbikira. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, makamaka panja komanso dzuwa lowala bwino, kumatha kukulimbikitsani komanso kukupangitsani kuti mukhale bwino.

Gonani bwino

Ndikofunikira kugona mokwanira usiku uliwonse, zomwe zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu koma zimakhala pakati pa maola 7 mpaka 9.

Anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa nthawi zambiri amavutika kugona. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukuvutika kugona kapena kugona mokwanira.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi matenda ovutika maganizo amawaona bwanji?

Ngakhale kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi MDD amatha kukhala wopanda chiyembekezo nthawi zina, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino. Apo ndi chiyembekezo.

Kuti musinthe mawonekedwe anu, ndikofunikira kutsatira ndondomeko yanu yothandizira. Musaphonye magawo azithandizo kapena maimidwe otsatila ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo.

Muyeneranso kusiya kumwa mankhwala anu pokhapokha mutalangizidwa kutero ndi wothandizira kapena wothandizira zaumoyo.

Masiku omwe mumakhala okhumudwa kwambiri ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, zitha kukhala zothandiza kuyimbira mavuto am'deralo kapena chithandizo chamankhwala amisala, kapena National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. Zowonjezera zilipo.

Mawu okoma mtima, othandizira akhoza kukhala zomwe mukufunikira kuti mupirire nthawi yovuta.

Maganizo ofuna kudzipha

Mukayamba kumwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ndikukhala ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, itanani dokotala wanu kapena 911 nthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale ndizosowa, mankhwala ena a MDD amatha kuyambitsa malingaliro ofuna kudzipha mwa anthu omwe angoyamba kumene kulandira mankhwala. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za nkhawa zomwe mungakhale nazo pakumwa mankhwala omwe angaike pachiwopsezo ichi.