Kuyesa Kuzindikira

Zamkati

• Kuyesa kuzindikira ndi chiyani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyezetsa kuzindikira?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyesa kuzindikira?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera kuyesedwa kwazidziwitso?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pakuyesedwa?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa pakuyesa kuzindikira?
• Zolemba

Kuyesa kuzindikira ndi chiyani?

Kuyesa kozindikira kumawunika pamavuto azidziwitso. Kuzindikira ndi njira zophatikizira muubongo wanu zomwe zimakhudzidwa pafupifupi mbali iliyonse ya moyo wanu. Zimaphatikizapo kulingalira, kukumbukira, chilankhulo, kuweruza, komanso kutha kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano. Vuto lakuzindikira limatchedwa kuwonongeka kwazidziwitso. Chikhalidwechi chimakhala chofatsa mpaka choopsa.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamvetse bwino. Amaphatikizapo zoyipa zamankhwala, zovuta zamitsempha yamagazi, kukhumudwa, ndi matenda amisala. Dementia ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutayika kwakukulu kwamaganizidwe. Matenda a Alzheimer ndiye mtundu wambiri wamatenda amisala.

Kuyesa kuzindikira sikungathe kuwonetsa chomwe chimayambitsa vuto. Koma kuyezetsa kumatha kuthandiza omwe akukuthandizani kudziwa ngati mukufuna mayeso ena komanso / kapena kuchitapo kanthu kuti athane ndi vutoli.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayeso ozindikira. Mayeso ofala kwambiri ndi awa:

• Kuunika Kwakumvetsetsa kwa Montreal (MoCA)
• Mayeso a Mini-Mental State (MMSE)
• Mini-Nkhumba

Mayeso onse atatuwa amayesa kugwira ntchito kwamaganizidwe kudzera pamafunso angapo komanso / kapena ntchito zosavuta.

Mayina ena: kuwunika kozindikira, Kuunika kwa Kuzindikira kwa Montreal, kuyesa kwa MoCA, Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), ndi Mini-Cog

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kuyesa kuzindikira nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa kuzindikira (MCI). Anthu omwe ali ndi MCI amatha kuwona kusintha kwa kukumbukira kwawo komanso magwiridwe antchito ena. Zosinthazi sizikhala zokwanira kukhala ndi gawo lalikulu pamoyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku kapena zochitika wamba. Koma MCI itha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Ngati muli ndi MCI, omwe amakupatsani akhoza kukuyesani kangapo pakapita nthawi kuti muwone kuchepa kwamaganizidwe.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyezetsa kuzindikira?

Mungafunike kuyesedwa mozindikira ngati muwonetsa zofooka zamaganizidwe. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kuyiwala maimidwe ndi zochitika zofunika
• Kutaya zinthu nthawi zambiri
• Kukhala ndi vuto kubwera ndi mawu omwe mumawadziwa
• Kutaya malingaliro anu pazokambirana, makanema, kapena mabuku
• Kuchulukitsa kukwiya komanso / kapena nkhawa

Achibale anu kapena anzanu atha kupereka malingaliro kuti akayesedwe ngati awona chilichonse cha izi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyesa kuzindikira?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayeso ozindikira. Iliyonse limaphatikizapo kuyankha mafunso angapo kapena / kapena kuchita ntchito zosavuta. Zapangidwa kuti zithandizire kuyeza magwiridwe antchito, monga kukumbukira, chilankhulo, komanso kuzindikira zinthu. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya mayeso ndi awa:

• Kuyesa kwa Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Kuyesa kwamphindi 10-15 komwe kumaphatikizapo kuloweza pamndandanda wamfupi wamawu, kuzindikira chithunzi cha nyama, ndi kujambula chithunzi cha mawonekedwe kapena chinthu.
• Mayeso a Mini-Mental State (MMSE). Kuyesedwa kwa mphindi 7-10 komwe kumaphatikizapo kutchula tsiku lomwe liripo, kuwerengera chammbuyo, ndikuwonetsa zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku monga pensulo kapena wotchi.
• Mini-Nkhumba. Kuyesa kwamphindi 3-5 komwe kumaphatikizapo kukumbukira mndandanda wazinthu zitatu ndikujambula wotchi.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera kuyesedwa kwazidziwitso?

Simukusowa kukonzekera kulikonse koyesa mayeso ozindikira.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pakuyesedwa?

Palibe chiopsezo choyesedwa.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Ngati zotsatira zanu sizinali zachilendo, zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi vuto ndi kukumbukira kapena ntchito zina zamaganizidwe. Koma sichidzazindikira chifukwa chake. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu angafunike kuyesedwa kambiri kuti adziwe chifukwa chake. Mitundu ina yamatenda amisala imayambitsidwa ndi matenda. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda a chithokomiro
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala
• Kuperewera kwa Vitamini

Nthawi izi, mavuto azidziwitso amatha kusintha kapena kuwonekeratu atalandira chithandizo.

Mitundu ina yamatenda amisili siyachiritsika. Koma mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa moyo wathanzi kumatha kuthandiza kuchepa kwamaganizidwe nthawi zina. Kuzindikira matenda amisala kungathandizenso odwala ndi mabanja awo kukonzekera zosowa zamtsogolo zamankhwala.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mukuda nkhawa ndi zotsatira zanu, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa pakuyesa kuzindikira?

Mayeso a MoCA nthawi zambiri amakhala bwino pakupeza zovuta zazidziwitso. MMSE ndi bwino kupeza mavuto akulu ozindikira. Mini-Cog imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa ndi yachangu, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo imapezeka kwambiri. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kuchita mayesero amodzi kapena angapo, kutengera momwe mulili.

Zolemba

1. Mgwirizano wa Alzheimer's [Internet]. Chicago: Mgwirizano wa Alzheimer's; c2018. Kuwonongeka Kofatsa Kwazindikiritso (MCI); [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment
2. Mgwirizano wa Alzheimer's [Internet]. Chicago: Mgwirizano wa Alzheimer's; c2018. Kodi Alzheimer's ndi chiyani?; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers
3. Mgwirizano wa Alzheimer's [Internet]. Chicago: Mgwirizano wa Alzheimer's; c2018. Kodi Dementia Ndi Chiyani ?; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia
4. Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kupewa Matenda [Internet]. Atlanta: U.S.Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Ntchito Zantchito; Kuwonongeka Kwazindikiritso: Kuyitanidwa Kuti Chitepo kanthu, Tsopano !; 2011 Feb [yotchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.cdc.gov/aging/pdf/cognitive_impairment/cogimp_poilicy_final.pdf
5. Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kupewa Matenda [Internet]. Atlanta: Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zaumunthu ku U.S. Njira Yathanzi Labongo; [yasinthidwa 2017 Jan 31; adatchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.cdc.gov/aging/healthybrain/index.htm
6. Chipatala cha Mayo [Intaneti]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998–2018. Kuwonongeka kofatsa kwamalingaliro (MCI): Kuzindikira ndikuchiza; 2018 Aug 23 [yotchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354583
7. Chipatala cha Mayo [Intaneti]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998–2018. Kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa chidziwitso (MCI): Zizindikiro ndi zoyambitsa; 2018 Aug 23 [yotchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment/symptoms-causes/syc-20354578
8. Merck Manual Consumer Version [Intaneti]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co. Inc. .; c2018. Kuyesa Minyewa; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain,-spinal-cord,-and-nerve-disorders/diagnosis-of-brain,-spinal-cord,-and-nerve-disorders/neurologic-examination
9. Merck Manual Professional Version [Intaneti]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co. Inc. .; c2018. Momwe Mungayesere Mkhalidwe Wa Maganizo; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/neurologic-examination/how-to-assess-mental-status
10. Mankhwala a Michigan: University of Michigan [Internet]. Ann Arbor (MI): Ma Regent a University of Michigan; c1995–2018. Kuwonongeka Kofatsa Kwazindikiritso; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 5]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.uofmhealth.org/brain-neurological-conditions//mild-cognitive-impairment
11. National Institute on Kukalamba [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Kuwona Kulephera Kwazindikiritso Kwa Odwala Okalamba; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/assessing-cognitive-impairment-older-patients
12. National Institute on Kukalamba [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Kodi Matenda a Alzheimer Ndi Chiyani ?; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-alzheimers-disease
13. National Institute on Kukalamba [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Kodi Kuwonongeka Kofatsa Kwazinthu Zotani ?; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-mild-cognitive-impairment
14. Norris DR, Clark MS, Shipley S. Kuyesa Kwa Maganizo. Ndi Sing'anga Wodziwika [Internet]. 2016 Oct 15 [yotchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; 94 (8) :; 635-41. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/1015/p635.html
15. Lero Geriatric Medicine [Internet]. Spring City (PA): Kusindikiza kwa Great Valley; c2018. MMSE vs. MoCA: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]; Ipezeka kuchokera: http://www.todaysgeriatricmedicine.com/news/ex_012511_01.shtml
16. U .S. Dipatimenti ya Veterans Affairs [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Dipatimenti yaku US ya Veterans Affairs; Kafukufuku wa Matenda a Parkinson, Maphunziro ndi Chipatala: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); 2004 Nov 12 [yotchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.parkinsons.va.gov/consortium/moca.asp
17. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Intaneti]. Rockville (MD): Gulu Lachitetezo la U.S. Kuunikira Kuwonongeka Kwazindikiritso kwa Akuluakulu; [adatchula 2018 Nov 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Home/GetFile/1/482/dementes/pdf
18. Xueyan L, Jie D, Shasha Z, Wangen L, Haimei L. Kuyerekeza kufunikira kwa Mini-Cog ndikuwunika kwa MMSE pozindikira mwachangu odwala aku China omwe ali ndi vuto lakuzindikira. Mankhwala [Intaneti]. 2018 Jun [wotchulidwa 2018 Nov 18]; (Adasankhidwa) 97 (22): e10966. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/Fulltext/2018/06010/Comparison_of_the_value_of_Mini_Cog_and_MMSE.74.aspx

Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.