Maluso Olankhulana ndi Kusokonezeka

Zamkati

• Mitundu Yamavuto Akulumikizana
• Kodi Chimayambitsa Mavuto a Kulankhulana?
• Ndani Ali Pangozi Yakusokonekera Kulumikizana?
• Kodi Zizindikiro Za Kusokonezeka Kwa Kuyankhulana Ndi Ziti?
• Kuzindikira Kusokonezeka Kwa Kuyankhulana
• Kuthetsa Mavuto Akulumikizana
• Kutulutsa
• Kupewa

Kodi Kusokonezeka Koyankhulana Ndi kotani

Matenda olumikizirana amatha kukhudza momwe munthu amalandirira, kutumiza, kukonza, komanso kumvetsetsa malingaliro. Akhozanso kufooketsa luso lolankhula ndi chilankhulo, kapena kusokoneza luso lomva ndikumvetsetsa mauthenga. Pali mitundu yambiri yamatenda olumikizirana.

Mitundu Yamavuto Akulumikizana

Matenda olumikizirana amagawidwa m'njira zingapo. Mavuto azilankhulo pangani zovuta kuyankhula. Kusokonezeka kwamalankhulidwe omvera pangitsa chilankhulo chomvetsetsa komanso kuyankhula kukhala kovuta.

Mavuto olankhula zimakhudza mawu anu. Zikuphatikizapo:

• articulation disorder: Kusintha kapena kusinthanitsa mawu kuti mauthenga azivuta kumvetsetsa
• kusayenda bwino: kuyankhula mosasinthasintha kapena kayendedwe ka mawu
• kusokonezeka kwamawu: kukhala ndi mamvekedwe achilendo, mamvekedwe, kapena kutalika kwa mawu

Mavuto azilankhulo zimakhudza momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito mawu kapena kulemba. Zikuphatikizapo:

• zovuta zamtundu wazilankhulo, zomwe zimakhudza:
  • phonology (mawu omwe amapanga zinenero)
  • morphology (kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka mawu)
  • malembedwe (momwe ziganizo zimapangidwira)
  • Zovuta zazilankhulo, zomwe zimakhudza semantics (tanthauzo la mawu ndi ziganizo)
  • zovuta zolankhula, zomwe zimakhudza pragmatics (kugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga oyenera pagulu)

Matenda akumva kusokoneza luso logwiritsa ntchito mawu ndi / kapena chilankhulo. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto lakumva amatha kufotokozedwa ngati wogontha pakumva. Anthu ogontha sangadalire pakumva ngati gwero lalikulu lolumikizirana. Anthu omwe samva kwambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kanthawi kochepa pakumva polankhulana.

Zovuta zapakati pakukonza zimakhudza momwe munthu amasanthula ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso m'mawu omvera.

Kodi Chimayambitsa Mavuto a Kulankhulana?

Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kusamvana ndizosadziwika.

Matenda olumikizirana atha kukhala otukuka kapena opezeka. Zoyambitsa zimaphatikizapo:

• kukula kwachilendo
• kukhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena poizoni asanabadwe
• milomo yomata kapena m'kamwa
• zinthu zobadwa nazo
• zoopsa kuvulala kwaubongo
• matenda amitsempha
• kukwapula
• zotupa m'deralo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana

Ndani Ali Pangozi Yakusokonekera Kulumikizana?

Matenda olumikizirana ndiofala kwa ana. Malinga ndi National Institute on Deafness ndi Matenda Ena Olankhulana (NIDCD), 8 mpaka 9 peresenti ya ana ang'ono ali ndi vuto la kulankhula. Mlingowu umatsikira mpaka 5 peresenti ya ana omwe ali mgiredi yoyamba (NIDCD).

Matenda olumikizirana nawonso amapezeka pakati pa akuluakulu. Ku United States, pafupifupi anthu 7.5 miliyoni ali ndi vuto kugwiritsa ntchito mawu awo. Kuphatikiza apo, pakati pa 6 ndi 8 miliyoni anthu akuvutika ndi mtundu wina wazilankhulo (NIDCD).

Odwala omwe avulala muubongo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mavutowa. Komabe, zinthu zambiri zimangochitika zokha. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kuyambika kwa aphasia, komwe ndiko kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kumvetsetsa chilankhulo. Kufikira anthu 1 miliyoni ku United States ali ndi vutoli (NIDCD).

Kodi Zizindikiro Za Kusokonezeka Kwa Kuyankhulana Ndi Ziti?

Zizindikiro zimadalira mtundu ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• mawu obwerezabwereza
• kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mawu
• kulephera kulankhula m'njira yomveka
• kulephera kumvetsetsa mauthenga

Kuzindikira Kusokonezeka Kwa Kuyankhulana

Kuti mudziwe matenda olondola, mungafunike akatswiri angapo. Madokotala am'banja, akatswiri amitsempha, komanso akatswiri olankhula zamankhwala amatha kuyeserera. Mayeso wamba amaphatikizapo:

• kuyezetsa kwathunthu
• kuyesedwa kwa psychometric kwamalingaliro ndi luso la kulingalira
• mayesero olankhula ndi chilankhulo
• kujambula kwa maginito (MRI)
• kujambulidwa kwa tomography (CT)
• kuwunika kwamisala

Kuthetsa Mavuto Akulumikizana

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto lolankhulana amapindula ndi chithandizo cha chilankhulo. Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa. Zomwe zimayambitsa, monga matenda, zimatha kuchiritsidwa kaye.

Kwa ana, ndibwino kuyamba chithandizo mwachangu momwe angathere. Katswiri wolankhula chilankhulo amatha kuthandiza odwala kukhala ndi mphamvu zomwe zilipo kale. Chithandizo chitha kuphatikizira njira zothandizira kukonza maluso ofooka. Njira zina zolankhulirana monga chilankhulo chamanja zitha kuphunzidwanso.

Chithandizo chamagulu chimatha kuloleza odwala kuti ayese maluso awo pamalo otetezeka. Kutenga nawo mbali pabanja nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa.

Kutulutsa

Zinthu zingapo zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kusintha komwe kungatheke, kuphatikiza choyambitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa. Kwa ana, kuthandizidwa ndi makolo, aphunzitsi, ndi olankhula komanso akatswiri azilankhulo zitha kukhala zothandiza. Kwa akuluakulu, kudzilimbikitsa kungakhale kofunikira.

Kupewa

Palibe njira zenizeni zopewera zovuta kulumikizana. Kupewa zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi zoopsa, monga chilichonse chomwe chingavulaze ubongo, zitha kuthandiza, monga momwe zingachepetse chiopsezo chanu chakukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Mavuto ambiri olumikizirana amachitika mosadziwika bwino.

Pamene kukayikira kulumikizana kumakayikiridwa mwa ana, ayenera kudziwika posachedwa (CHOP).